浮筒式波浪能发电装置中轴流式水轮机能量特性研究
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摘要
当今世界,全球资源严重匮乏,环境日益恶化,波浪能作为一种清洁、可再生海洋能源,有利于贯彻我国可持续发展战略。文中针对南海某海域,根据国家海洋局提供的波浪周期和波高数据,通过计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟,研究不同时期波浪周期和波高的变化对轴流式水轮机效率的影响。计算结果表明,因波浪参数变化,浮筒式波浪能发电装置水头变化范围为11~17 m,优选设计水头为13 m。通过改变水轮机叶片安装角度,优化水轮机效率,并对水轮机转轮及出水流道流动特性进行研究。最终得出:在优选设计水头为13 m时,水轮机在叶片相对安放角为-4°,最高效率达85.67%,水轮机转轮及出水流道流态平直,水轮机工作性能稳定,满足浮筒式波能发电装置工作要求。文中研究工作,为优化浮筒式波能发电平台及提高平台投资回报率奠定理论基础。
At present,wave energy,as a clean and renewable marine energy,is conducive to the implementation of China's sustainable development strategy,when there is a serious shortage of world resources and a worsening global environment.In this paper,an attempt is made to review the hydrodynamic performances of the axial flow turbine as well as the power generation device through numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD),according to the variation of the cycle of wave and height in different periods that is provided by the State Oceanic Administration(SOA) of China.The results of calculation prove that the head of a float type wave energy converter has a change range of 11-17 m due to changing wave parameters,and the design head is preferably 13 m.By changing the angle of the turbine blade,optimizing turbine efficiency,this paper studies the flow characteristics of the turbine runner and the outlet channel.Finally,Results from optimization are the highest efficiency up to 85.67% when the design head is 13 m,with the angle of the turbine blade being -4°.The flow of the turbine runner and the outlet channel is straight,and the performance of the turbine is stable.Through the analysis of the results of numerical simulation,this paper can lay the theoretical foundation for optimizing the platform of floating wave energy generation and improving the investment return rate of the platform.
At present,wave energy,as a clean and renewable marine energy,is conducive to the implementation of China's sustainable development strategy,when there is a serious shortage of world resources and a worsening global environment.In this paper,an attempt is made to review the hydrodynamic performances of the axial flow turbine as well as the power generation device through numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD),according to the variation of the cycle of wave and height in different periods that is provided by the State Oceanic Administration(SOA) of China.The results of calculation prove that the head of a float type wave energy converter has a change range of 11-17 m due to changing wave parameters,and the design head is preferably 13 m.By changing the angle of the turbine blade,optimizing turbine efficiency,this paper studies the flow characteristics of the turbine runner and the outlet channel.Finally,Results from optimization are the highest efficiency up to 85.67% when the design head is 13 m,with the angle of the turbine blade being -4°.The flow of the turbine runner and the outlet channel is straight,and the performance of the turbine is stable.Through the analysis of the results of numerical simulation,this paper can lay the theoretical foundation for optimizing the platform of floating wave energy generation and improving the investment return rate of the platform.
引文
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[2]彭建军.振荡浮子式波浪能发电装置水动力性能研究[D].济南:山东大学,2014.
[3]张丽珍,羊晓晟,王世明等.海洋波浪能发电装置的研究现状与发展前景[J].湖北农业科学,2011(01):161-164.
[4]石晶鑫,李德堂,李达特,等.振荡浮筒式波浪能发电装置设计与实验研究[J].船舶,2013(06):27-31.
[5]刘敏,周大庆,吴国颖,等.超低水头轴流式水轮机CFD优化及流动特性研究[J].水电能源科学,2016(01):150-153.
[6]奇成光.轴流式水轮机的典型结构分析[J].红水河,2010(02):66-68.
[7]刘娅君.碟型越浪式波能发电装置的系统设计及优化研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2011.
[8]郑源,陈德新.水轮机[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2011.
[9]徐柏文.一种波浪引水装置:中国201620122667.3[P].2016-10-19.
[10]黎中原,杨建东,李进平.水轮机比转速与额定水头统计方法探讨[J].水电能源科学,2008,(04):163-165.
[11]廖伟丽,赵亚萍,赵倩云,等.不完全蜗壳轴流式水轮机大流量工况性能分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,(17):86-92+341.