赤峰市18岁及以上人群焦虑障碍现况调查
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摘要
目的:描述赤峰市焦虑障碍的患病率及其分布特点,并探讨相关危险因素。方法:2010年11月至2011年4月以多级抽样的方法在赤峰市≥18岁居民中取样,采用复合性国际诊断交谈表-3.0-计算机辅助访谈版(CIDI-3.0-CAPI)进行入户访谈,以美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)为诊断标准诊断焦虑障碍,采用单因素和多因素分析进行统计分析。结果:4528人完成调查,焦虑障碍12月患病率农村高于城市(4.62%vs.2.61%,P<0.01),女性高于男性(4.92%vs.2.82%,P<0.01),未婚离异或丧偶者高于已婚者(5.91%vs.3.70%,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,城市、受教育年限7~9年是焦虑障碍的保护因素,女性、未婚离异或丧偶是焦虑障碍的危险因素;焦虑障碍患者求助精神科医生的比例仅为3.1%。结论:焦虑障碍是赤峰市常见的一类精神障碍,而患者很少求助精神科医生。应该针对焦虑障碍开展精神卫生服务和知识普及,重点关注农村、女性及低文化水平的高危人群。
Objective: To describe the prevalence of anxiety disorders and distribution in Chifeng City,and explore the related risk factors and health service seeking. Methods: Individuals aged 18 years and over were sampled by stratified, probability-proportional-to-size sampling, randomized cluster sampling in Chifeng City through November,2010 to April,2011. All respondents were interviewed by trained interviewers face-to-face. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview-3. 0 Computer Assisted Personal Interview( CIDI-3. 0-CAPI) was used to diagnose anxiety disorders according to the criteria and definition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition( DSM-IV). Single and multivariate analysis were applied to explore risk factors of anxiety disorder. Results: Totally 4528 subjects were interviewed with CIDI-3. 0-CAPI. The 12-month prevalence rate of anxiety disorders was significantly higher in rural area than in urban area( 4. 62% vs. 2. 61%,P < 0. 01). The rate was significantly higher in female than in male( 4. 92% vs. 2. 82%,P < 0. 01). The rate was significantly higher in the unmarried,the divorced and the widowed than in the married( 5. 91% vs. 3. 70%,P < 0. 01). Logistic regression analysis indicated that dwelling in urban areas and education level of 7-9 years were the protective factors of anxiety disorders,while being female,unmarried,divorced or widowed were the risk factors of anxiety disorders. It was found that only 3. 1% of the patients with anxiety disorders reported to seek help from psychiatrists. Conclusion: The anxiety disorder is a common mental disorder in Chifeng City,while fewpeople with anxiety disorders seek mental health professionals. Therefore,it should be paid attentions to anxiety disorder,especially in rural area,women,and loweducated people for enhancing mental health service and knowledge popularization.
Objective: To describe the prevalence of anxiety disorders and distribution in Chifeng City,and explore the related risk factors and health service seeking. Methods: Individuals aged 18 years and over were sampled by stratified, probability-proportional-to-size sampling, randomized cluster sampling in Chifeng City through November,2010 to April,2011. All respondents were interviewed by trained interviewers face-to-face. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview-3. 0 Computer Assisted Personal Interview( CIDI-3. 0-CAPI) was used to diagnose anxiety disorders according to the criteria and definition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition( DSM-IV). Single and multivariate analysis were applied to explore risk factors of anxiety disorder. Results: Totally 4528 subjects were interviewed with CIDI-3. 0-CAPI. The 12-month prevalence rate of anxiety disorders was significantly higher in rural area than in urban area( 4. 62% vs. 2. 61%,P < 0. 01). The rate was significantly higher in female than in male( 4. 92% vs. 2. 82%,P < 0. 01). The rate was significantly higher in the unmarried,the divorced and the widowed than in the married( 5. 91% vs. 3. 70%,P < 0. 01). Logistic regression analysis indicated that dwelling in urban areas and education level of 7-9 years were the protective factors of anxiety disorders,while being female,unmarried,divorced or widowed were the risk factors of anxiety disorders. It was found that only 3. 1% of the patients with anxiety disorders reported to seek help from psychiatrists. Conclusion: The anxiety disorder is a common mental disorder in Chifeng City,while fewpeople with anxiety disorders seek mental health professionals. Therefore,it should be paid attentions to anxiety disorder,especially in rural area,women,and loweducated people for enhancing mental health service and knowledge popularization.
引文
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[14]李喜泼,栗克清,张海燕,等.保定市焦虑障碍流行病学调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2008,18(4):252-254.
[15]刘云涛,黄悦勤,刘肇瑞,等.焦虑障碍危险因素病例对照研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2014,(8):623-627.
[16]曹青.生活事件与焦虑障碍[J].中国现代医生,2008,46(4):7-8.
[17]张晓南.大连市焦虑障碍患病率及相关因素研究[D].大连:大连医科大学,2010.
[18]黄悦勤.我国精神卫生的现状和挑战[J].中国卫生政策研究,2011,4(9):5-9.
[19]位照国,刘铁榜,胡赤怡,等.深圳市精神卫生服务利用现况调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(8):597-603.
[20]栗克清,孙秀丽,张勇,等.中国精神卫生服务及其政策:对1949-2009年的回顾与未来10年的展望[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(5):321-326.
[21]方向,熊端华,陈旭先,等.福建省居民精神卫生知识知晓率调查[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2010,16(5):30-31.
[22]黄彦,徐广明,尹慧芳,等.天津市社区居民精神卫生知识知晓率及相关因素[J].国际精神病学杂志,2015,42(4):23-26.
[23]许毅,蔡巍,胡健波,等.文化程度及生活地域对常见精神疾病知晓率及就医方式的影响[J].中华预防医学杂志,2005,39(4):237-240.
[2]黄悦勤,谢守付,卢瑾,等.复合性国际诊断交谈表3.0中文版在社区应用的信效度评价[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(1):21-24.
[3]Lu J,Huang YQ,Liu ZR.Validity of Chinese Version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-3.0 in Psychiatric Settings[J].Chin M ed J(Engl),2015,128(18):2462-2466.
[4]Andrew s G,Henderson S,Hall W.Prevalence,comorbidity,disability and service utilisation Overview of the Australian National M ental Health Survey[J].Br J Psychiatry,2001,178(2):145-153.
[5]Kessler R,Chiu W,Demler O.Prevalence,Severity,and Comorbidity of 12-M onth DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication[J].Arch Gen Psychiatry,2005,62(6):617.
[6]刘肇瑞,黄悦勤,陈曦,等.北京市社区人群心境障碍、焦虑障碍及物质使用障碍的现况调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(2):102-110.
[7]张维熙,李淑然,陈昌惠,等.中国七个地区精神疾病流行病学调查[J].中华精神科杂志,1998,31(2):5-7.
[8]李淑然,沈渔笛,张维熙,等.中国七个地区神经症流行病学调查[J].中华精神科杂志,1998,31(2):16.
[9]李宁,姜潮,刘辉,等.辽宁省城乡居民焦虑障碍流行病学调查[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2008,16(2):179-181.
[10]阮冶,黄悦勤,许勇刚,等.昆明市精神与行为障碍的流行病学研究[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(4):628-632.
[11]张毅宏,胡纪泽,胡赤怡,等.深圳市神经症流行病学调查[J].中国公共卫生,2006,22(7):866-867.
[12]Alhasnaw i S,Sadik S,Rasheed M,et al.The prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV disorders in the Iraq M ental Health Survey(IMHS)[J].World Psychiatry,2009,8(2):97-109.
[13]孙秀丽,栗克清,崔利军,等.河北省焦虑障碍流行病学调查[J].首都医药,2009,16(14):37-39.
[14]李喜泼,栗克清,张海燕,等.保定市焦虑障碍流行病学调查[J].临床精神医学杂志,2008,18(4):252-254.
[15]刘云涛,黄悦勤,刘肇瑞,等.焦虑障碍危险因素病例对照研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2014,(8):623-627.
[16]曹青.生活事件与焦虑障碍[J].中国现代医生,2008,46(4):7-8.
[17]张晓南.大连市焦虑障碍患病率及相关因素研究[D].大连:大连医科大学,2010.
[18]黄悦勤.我国精神卫生的现状和挑战[J].中国卫生政策研究,2011,4(9):5-9.
[19]位照国,刘铁榜,胡赤怡,等.深圳市精神卫生服务利用现况调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(8):597-603.
[20]栗克清,孙秀丽,张勇,等.中国精神卫生服务及其政策:对1949-2009年的回顾与未来10年的展望[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(5):321-326.
[21]方向,熊端华,陈旭先,等.福建省居民精神卫生知识知晓率调查[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2010,16(5):30-31.
[22]黄彦,徐广明,尹慧芳,等.天津市社区居民精神卫生知识知晓率及相关因素[J].国际精神病学杂志,2015,42(4):23-26.
[23]许毅,蔡巍,胡健波,等.文化程度及生活地域对常见精神疾病知晓率及就医方式的影响[J].中华预防医学杂志,2005,39(4):237-240.