摘要
目的:描述赤峰市焦虑障碍的患病率及其分布特点,并探讨相关危险因素。方法:2010年11月至2011年4月以多级抽样的方法在赤峰市≥18岁居民中取样,采用复合性国际诊断交谈表-3.0-计算机辅助访谈版(CIDI-3.0-CAPI)进行入户访谈,以美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)为诊断标准诊断焦虑障碍,采用单因素和多因素分析进行统计分析。结果:4528人完成调查,焦虑障碍12月患病率农村高于城市(4.62%vs.2.61%,P<0.01),女性高于男性(4.92%vs.2.82%,P<0.01),未婚离异或丧偶者高于已婚者(5.91%vs.3.70%,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,城市、受教育年限7~9年是焦虑障碍的保护因素,女性、未婚离异或丧偶是焦虑障碍的危险因素;焦虑障碍患者求助精神科医生的比例仅为3.1%。结论:焦虑障碍是赤峰市常见的一类精神障碍,而患者很少求助精神科医生。应该针对焦虑障碍开展精神卫生服务和知识普及,重点关注农村、女性及低文化水平的高危人群。
Objective: To describe the prevalence of anxiety disorders and distribution in Chifeng City,and explore the related risk factors and health service seeking. Methods: Individuals aged 18 years and over were sampled by stratified, probability-proportional-to-size sampling, randomized cluster sampling in Chifeng City through November,2010 to April,2011. All respondents were interviewed by trained interviewers face-to-face. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview-3. 0 Computer Assisted Personal Interview( CIDI-3. 0-CAPI) was used to diagnose anxiety disorders according to the criteria and definition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition( DSM-IV). Single and multivariate analysis were applied to explore risk factors of anxiety disorder. Results: Totally 4528 subjects were interviewed with CIDI-3. 0-CAPI. The 12-month prevalence rate of anxiety disorders was significantly higher in rural area than in urban area( 4. 62% vs. 2. 61%,P < 0. 01). The rate was significantly higher in female than in male( 4. 92% vs. 2. 82%,P < 0. 01). The rate was significantly higher in the unmarried,the divorced and the widowed than in the married( 5. 91% vs. 3. 70%,P < 0. 01). Logistic regression analysis indicated that dwelling in urban areas and education level of 7-9 years were the protective factors of anxiety disorders,while being female,unmarried,divorced or widowed were the risk factors of anxiety disorders. It was found that only 3. 1% of the patients with anxiety disorders reported to seek help from psychiatrists. Conclusion: The anxiety disorder is a common mental disorder in Chifeng City,while fewpeople with anxiety disorders seek mental health professionals. Therefore,it should be paid attentions to anxiety disorder,especially in rural area,women,and loweducated people for enhancing mental health service and knowledge popularization.
引文
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