基于相似度投票的牵引供电系统CT隐藏故障在线诊断
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摘要
电流互感器(CT)的隐藏故障特征十分微弱,影响计量及保护设备性能,在系统出现故障或压力时容易导致系统连锁故障甚至崩溃,为及时发现CT隐藏故障并预警,需要对其进行在线诊断。现有文献的故障诊断方法均需要提取故障后特征信息,不适用于隐藏故障分析。基于此,首先根据基尔霍夫电流定律联系牵引供电系统拓扑中各支路CT之间的电流约束关系建立关联矩阵,得到各CT解析电流值;再利用解析值与实测值相似系数受隐藏故障的影响规律建立投票规则实现CT隐藏故障在线诊断。本方法无需额外增加测量设备,仿真结果不受牵引供电系统负荷电流变化大的影响,同时对投票中的阈值选取要求不高。
The hidden fault characteristics of the current transformer(CT) are very weak, which affects the performance of measurement and protection equipment and easily leads to a cascading failure or even crash when the system has fault or pressure. It is necessary to make online diagnosis for timely detection of CT hidden fault and pre-warning. The fault diagnosis methods of the existing literature require feature extraction after a fault occurs, which are not applicable to the hidden fault analysis. According to the Kirchhoff's current law, based on the current constraint relationship among CT of branches in the topology of traction power supply system, CT associated matrix is provided to get the analytical value from every CT. Based on the influence law of hidden fault on the similarity coefficient between the analytical value and measured value, the voting rules are established to realize CT hidden fault online diagnosis. This method does not need additional measuring equipment. Simulation results are not affected by load current change in traction power supply system, and the selection of vote threshold is undemanding.
The hidden fault characteristics of the current transformer(CT) are very weak, which affects the performance of measurement and protection equipment and easily leads to a cascading failure or even crash when the system has fault or pressure. It is necessary to make online diagnosis for timely detection of CT hidden fault and pre-warning. The fault diagnosis methods of the existing literature require feature extraction after a fault occurs, which are not applicable to the hidden fault analysis. According to the Kirchhoff's current law, based on the current constraint relationship among CT of branches in the topology of traction power supply system, CT associated matrix is provided to get the analytical value from every CT. Based on the influence law of hidden fault on the similarity coefficient between the analytical value and measured value, the voting rules are established to realize CT hidden fault online diagnosis. This method does not need additional measuring equipment. Simulation results are not affected by load current change in traction power supply system, and the selection of vote threshold is undemanding.
引文
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[2]廖瑞金,周欣,杨丽君,等.变压器油中水分对糠醛扩散及分布影响的分子动力学研究[J].高电压技术,2011,37(6):1321-1328.LIAO Rui-jin,ZHOU Xin,YANG Li-jun,et al.Impacts of water within transformer oil on the diffusion and distribution characteristics of furfural by molecular dynamics[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(6):1321-1328.
[3]罗涛,陈民铀,曾灿.电力电缆安全监测中温度场和电场数值关系分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(5):20-24.LUO Tao,CHEN Min-you,ZENG Can.Study of numerical relationship between temperature and electric field in power cables safety monitoring[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(5):20-24.
[4]王鹏,张军,余泳,等.一种新型断路器电寿命在线监测系统[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(17):109-115.WANG Peng,ZHANG Jun,YU Yong,et al.A new type of on-line monitoring system for electrical endurance of circuit breaker[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(17):109-115.
[5]朱林,段献忠,苏盛,等.基于证据理论的数字化变电站继电保护容错方法[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(1):154-161.ZHU Lin,DUAN Xian-zhong,SU Sheng,et al.Evidence theory based fault-tolerant method for protective relays in digital substations[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(1):154-161.
[6]季涛.利用电磁式电压互感器实现小电流接地系统行波故障定位和选相[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(8):172-178JI Tao.Study of the fault location and fault phase position selection based on traveling waves using electromagnetic voltage transformer in neutral non-effective grounding system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(8):172-178.
[7]童悦,李红斌,张明明,等.一种全数字化高压电流互感器在线校验系统[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(8):59-64,84.TONG Yue,LI Hong-bin,ZHANG Ming-ming,et al.An all-digital on-line calibration system for high voltage current transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(8):59-64,84.
[8]熊小伏,杨雪东,刘年.基于站间信息的电子式互感器故障协同诊断方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(21):80-89.XIONG Xiao-fu,YANG Xue-dong,LIU Nian.A collaborative diagnosis method of electronic transformer fault based on the inter-substation information[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(21):80-89.
[9]程宏波,罗杰,王勋,等.一种基于解析冗余的互感器故障的检测及容错方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(23):69-73.CHENG Hong-bo,LUO Jie,WANG Xun,et al.A novel method for instrument transformer’s fault detection and tolerant control based on analytical redundancy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(23):69-73.
[10]吕艳萍,刘亚东.应用数学形态学方法分析识别特高压线路雷击干扰[J].高电压技术,2010,36(12):2948-2953.LüYan-ping,LIU Ya-dong.New scheme to identify lightning interference for UHV transmission lines using mathematical morphology[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(12):2948-2953.
[11]王奇,刘志刚,白玮莉,等.基于PSCAD/EMTDC的牵引供电系统仿真模型研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(16):35-45.WANG Qi,LIU Zhi-gang,BAI Wei-li,et al.Research on the simulation model of traction power supply system based on PSCAD/EMTDC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(16):35-45.
[12]张小瑜,吴俊勇.电气化铁路接入电力系统的电压等级问题[J].电网技术,2007,31(7):12-17.ZHANG Xiao-yu,WU Jun-yong.Research on voltage class of power system to be connected with electrified railways[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(7):12-17.