密肥组合对强筋小麦‘镇麦12号’产量及效益的影响
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摘要
旨在为江苏省淮南麦区红皮强筋小麦的生产提供科学依据。以江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所选育的高产、优质强筋小麦品种‘镇麦12号’为材料,采用随机区组试验设计,设密度和氮肥追施量两个因素,密度分别为225万、300万、375万株/hm~2,氮肥追施量分别为90、120、150 kg/hm~2,对‘镇麦12号’籽粒产量和经济效益进行分析。研究结果表明,密度和追氮量及其互作效应对籽粒产量的影响达显著或极显著水平,密度和密度与追氮量的互作对‘镇麦12号’经济效益影响极显著。本试验条件下M1N3处理组合籽粒产量和经济效益最高,穗数达435.6万穗/hm~2,穗粒数37.1粒/穗,千粒重45.3 g,籽粒产量和经济效益分别达6519.8 kg/hm~2和4438.7元/hm~2。
The study aims at providing references for the production of red strong-gluten wheat in Huainan area of Jiangsu Province. The high yield and high quality strong-gluten wheat cultivar‘Zhenmai 12', bred by Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Science in the Hilly Area of Jiangsu Province, was used as the test material.The randomized block design experiment was used. The two factors of density and nitrogen fertilizer were set up, the density included 225×10~4, 300×10~4 and 375×10~4 seedlings/hm~2, and the nitrogen application rate was90,120 and 150 kg/hm~2, respectively. The grain yield and economic benefit of‘Zhenmai 12'were analyzed.The results showed that the density, nitrogen application and their interaction effect had significant or highly significant influence on the grain yield. Moreover, the influence of the density and the interaction between density and nitrogen application on economic benefit of‘Zhenmai 12'was highly significant. Under the experimental condition, the grain yield and economic benefit with M1N3 treatment was the highest, the number of spike was 435.6×10~4 spike/hm~2, the grains per panicle were 37.1, 1000-grain weight was 45.3 g, grain yield was 6519.8 kg/hm~2 and the economic benefit was 4438.7 yuan/hm~2, respectively.
The study aims at providing references for the production of red strong-gluten wheat in Huainan area of Jiangsu Province. The high yield and high quality strong-gluten wheat cultivar‘Zhenmai 12', bred by Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Science in the Hilly Area of Jiangsu Province, was used as the test material.The randomized block design experiment was used. The two factors of density and nitrogen fertilizer were set up, the density included 225×10~4, 300×10~4 and 375×10~4 seedlings/hm~2, and the nitrogen application rate was90,120 and 150 kg/hm~2, respectively. The grain yield and economic benefit of‘Zhenmai 12'were analyzed.The results showed that the density, nitrogen application and their interaction effect had significant or highly significant influence on the grain yield. Moreover, the influence of the density and the interaction between density and nitrogen application on economic benefit of‘Zhenmai 12'was highly significant. Under the experimental condition, the grain yield and economic benefit with M1N3 treatment was the highest, the number of spike was 435.6×10~4 spike/hm~2, the grains per panicle were 37.1, 1000-grain weight was 45.3 g, grain yield was 6519.8 kg/hm~2 and the economic benefit was 4438.7 yuan/hm~2, respectively.
引文
[1]杨佳凤,丁锦峰,顾候文,等.密肥组合对稻茬晚播小麦籽粒产量和效益的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(3):503-506.
[2]单玉珊.小麦分蘖规律的统计分析及其在实践中的应用[J].作物学报,1982,8(1):49-56.
[3]郭文善,王龙俊.小麦抗逆高产栽培技术[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2012:52.
[4]李金才,屈会娟,魏凤珍.氮素运筹技术对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2005(2):8-11.
[5]岳寿松,于振文,余松烈,等.不同生育时期施氮对冬小麦旗叶衰老和粒重的影响[J].中国农业科学,1997,30(2):42-46.
[6]Pltd J R.Effects of levels and methods of nitrogen application on wheat yield[J].Journal of Maharashtra Agricultural University.1999,24:7-9.
[7]温明星,陈爱大,李东升,等.密度和氮肥施用量对镇麦168产量和品质的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(10):1575-1580.
[8]李东升,温明星,蔡金华,等.播期和密氮组合对镇麦10号干物质积累及产量的调控效应[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(10):1426-1432.
[9]刘萍,郭文善,徐月明,等.种植密度对中、弱筋小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2006,26(5):117-121.
[10]李筠,王龙,任立凯,等.播期、密度和氮肥运筹对冬小麦连麦2号产量和品质的调控[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(2):303-308.
[11]姚金保,马鸿翔,张平平,等.施氮量和种植密度对弱筋小麦宁麦18籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(7):1507-1510.
[12]陆成彬,张伯桥,高德荣,等.栽培措施对弱筋小麦籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2006,22(4):346-350.
[13]彭永欣.小麦栽培与生理[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1992:1-11.
[14]于倩倩.中筋小麦扬辐麦4号高产优质栽培的氮素调控技术[D].扬州:扬州大学,2010.
[15]Masoni A,Ercoli L,Mariotti M,et al.Post-anthesis accumulation and remobilization of dry matter,nitrogen and phosphorus in durum wheat as affected by soil type[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2007,26(3):179-186.
[16]朱新开,郭文善,周君良,等.氮素对不同类型专用小麦营养和加工品质调控效应[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(6):640-645.
[17]姜朋,杨学明,张鹏,等.氮肥用量和基追比对弱筋小麦‘生选6号’产量和品质的影响[J].西南农业学报,2015,28(4):1683-1688.
[18]朱起超.小麦的经济价值和栽培特性研究[J].中国农业信息,2015(7):45-46.
[19]秦一凡.河南省小麦生产效益调查分析和不同种植管理模式综合效益评价[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2016.
[20]丁锦峰,阚正荣,朱新开,等.稻茬小麦高产稳产、节本增效栽培模式研究[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(5):616-623.
[21]王龙俊.小麦产量八连增的“后发展时代”[J].江苏农村经济,2012(4):28-31.
[22]景德道,周为华,钱华飞,等.晚收迟播对稻麦周年产量及经济效益的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(11):1566-1571.
[2]单玉珊.小麦分蘖规律的统计分析及其在实践中的应用[J].作物学报,1982,8(1):49-56.
[3]郭文善,王龙俊.小麦抗逆高产栽培技术[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2012:52.
[4]李金才,屈会娟,魏凤珍.氮素运筹技术对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2005(2):8-11.
[5]岳寿松,于振文,余松烈,等.不同生育时期施氮对冬小麦旗叶衰老和粒重的影响[J].中国农业科学,1997,30(2):42-46.
[6]Pltd J R.Effects of levels and methods of nitrogen application on wheat yield[J].Journal of Maharashtra Agricultural University.1999,24:7-9.
[7]温明星,陈爱大,李东升,等.密度和氮肥施用量对镇麦168产量和品质的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(10):1575-1580.
[8]李东升,温明星,蔡金华,等.播期和密氮组合对镇麦10号干物质积累及产量的调控效应[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(10):1426-1432.
[9]刘萍,郭文善,徐月明,等.种植密度对中、弱筋小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2006,26(5):117-121.
[10]李筠,王龙,任立凯,等.播期、密度和氮肥运筹对冬小麦连麦2号产量和品质的调控[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(2):303-308.
[11]姚金保,马鸿翔,张平平,等.施氮量和种植密度对弱筋小麦宁麦18籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(7):1507-1510.
[12]陆成彬,张伯桥,高德荣,等.栽培措施对弱筋小麦籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2006,22(4):346-350.
[13]彭永欣.小麦栽培与生理[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1992:1-11.
[14]于倩倩.中筋小麦扬辐麦4号高产优质栽培的氮素调控技术[D].扬州:扬州大学,2010.
[15]Masoni A,Ercoli L,Mariotti M,et al.Post-anthesis accumulation and remobilization of dry matter,nitrogen and phosphorus in durum wheat as affected by soil type[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2007,26(3):179-186.
[16]朱新开,郭文善,周君良,等.氮素对不同类型专用小麦营养和加工品质调控效应[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(6):640-645.
[17]姜朋,杨学明,张鹏,等.氮肥用量和基追比对弱筋小麦‘生选6号’产量和品质的影响[J].西南农业学报,2015,28(4):1683-1688.
[18]朱起超.小麦的经济价值和栽培特性研究[J].中国农业信息,2015(7):45-46.
[19]秦一凡.河南省小麦生产效益调查分析和不同种植管理模式综合效益评价[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2016.
[20]丁锦峰,阚正荣,朱新开,等.稻茬小麦高产稳产、节本增效栽培模式研究[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(5):616-623.
[21]王龙俊.小麦产量八连增的“后发展时代”[J].江苏农村经济,2012(4):28-31.
[22]景德道,周为华,钱华飞,等.晚收迟播对稻麦周年产量及经济效益的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(11):1566-1571.