山东省石灰岩山地不同混交林改良土壤及减蚀效益评价
|
摘要
[目的]选择具有良好防护功能的混交林林分类型,为山东省石灰岩山地森林优化升级提供理论依据。[方法]选取山东省典型石灰岩山地5a生8种不同树种混交林林分,以侧柏纯林为对照,采用野外调查和室内测定相结合的方法,从混交林林分的生长状况、改良土壤理化性状效益、林地土壤水文效益、土壤减蚀效益3个方面的13个指标(郁闭度、冠幅、树高、土壤容重、总孔隙度、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、土壤饱和贮水量、稳渗速率、渗透时间、减蚀量、枯落物层厚度)研究其改良土壤与减蚀效益,通过层次分析法(AHP)对不同树种混交林林分进行综合评定。[结果]改良土壤与减蚀效益最好的是苦楝侧柏混交林,其次是刺槐侧柏混交林和黄栌侧柏混交林。[结论]混交林改良土壤与减蚀效益优于纯林,其中苦楝侧柏混交林、刺槐侧柏混交林和黄栌侧柏混交林改良土壤与减蚀效益最佳,适宜石灰岩山地。
[Objective]To select the mixed forest types with good protection function,in order to provide a theoretical basis for guiding the optimization and upgrading of limestone mountain forests in Shandong Province.[Methodes]We selected 8 different mixed forests of 5-year-old in the typical limestone mountainous area of Shandong Province,and the Platycladus orientalis forest was used as the control.Field investigation was conducted and quantitative analysis methods were used to study the soil improvement and erosion reduction benefit from three aspects:the growth condition of mixed forests stand and benefit of improving soil physicochemical properties,the soil hydrological benefit of forest land and the soil erosion abatement benefit.Totally,13 indexes including canopy density,crown width,tree height,soil bulk density,total porosity,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,soil saturated water storage,steady infiltration rate,infiltration time,amount of erosion and thickness of litter layer were selected.The comprehensive evaluation of different mixed forest stands was carried out by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).[Results]The P.orientalis+Melia azedarach mingled forest had the best soil erosion reduction benefit,followed by the P.orientalis+Robinia pseudoacaiaand P.orientalis+Cotinus coggygria mingled forest.[Conclusion]The soil improvement and erosion reduction benefit of mixed forests is better than that of pure forests.The soil improvement and erosion reduction benefit of P.orientalis+M.azedarach,P.orientalis+R.pseudoacaciaand P.orientalis+C.coggygriaare the best,which is suitable for limestone mountains.
[Objective]To select the mixed forest types with good protection function,in order to provide a theoretical basis for guiding the optimization and upgrading of limestone mountain forests in Shandong Province.[Methodes]We selected 8 different mixed forests of 5-year-old in the typical limestone mountainous area of Shandong Province,and the Platycladus orientalis forest was used as the control.Field investigation was conducted and quantitative analysis methods were used to study the soil improvement and erosion reduction benefit from three aspects:the growth condition of mixed forests stand and benefit of improving soil physicochemical properties,the soil hydrological benefit of forest land and the soil erosion abatement benefit.Totally,13 indexes including canopy density,crown width,tree height,soil bulk density,total porosity,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,soil saturated water storage,steady infiltration rate,infiltration time,amount of erosion and thickness of litter layer were selected.The comprehensive evaluation of different mixed forest stands was carried out by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).[Results]The P.orientalis+Melia azedarach mingled forest had the best soil erosion reduction benefit,followed by the P.orientalis+Robinia pseudoacaiaand P.orientalis+Cotinus coggygria mingled forest.[Conclusion]The soil improvement and erosion reduction benefit of mixed forests is better than that of pure forests.The soil improvement and erosion reduction benefit of P.orientalis+M.azedarach,P.orientalis+R.pseudoacaciaand P.orientalis+C.coggygriaare the best,which is suitable for limestone mountains.
引文
[1]房用,梁玉,王月海,等.济南石灰岩山地植被特征及其对植被优化配置的研究[J].山东大学学报,2008,43(1):8-13,19.
[2]张国庆,杨吉华,于连家,等.石灰岩山地不同整地组合对侧柏林蓄水保土功能的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,7(1):209-214.
[3]刘轶.森林抚育管理的有效途径[J].中国农业信息,2016(11):54-55.
[4]赵匡记,汪加魏,施侃侃,等.北京市西山林场游憩林抚育的森林健康评价[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(10):65-69.
[5]胡建朋,杨吉华,罗明达,等.山东砂石山区不同林分类型土壤的蓄水效益[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(5):67-72.
[6]汪永文,王力,王丽丽,等.马尾松混交林林下植被结构及生物量特征研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,2010,37(2):312-316.
[7]李小倩,杨吉华,魏晓明.鲁中南石灰岩山地针阔混交林土壤理化性状及水文效应[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):208-211,230.
[8]胡建朋,杨吉华,罗明达,等.山东石灰岩山地不同林分类型土壤入渗特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(3):54-58.
[9]刘丽.济南主城区石灰岩山地公园适生木本植物选择研究[D].济南:山东建筑大学,2017.
[10]杨菲,杨吉华,艾钊,等.鲁中片麻岩低山丘陵针阔混交林蓄水保土效益研究[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(2):51-56.
[11]董波,万福绪,严妍,等.徐州市石灰岩山地不同植被恢复模式的碳储量[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(3):288-292.
[12]陈勇,孙冰,廖绍波,等.城市森林林内景观评价指标筛选研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(16):32-36.
[13]赵娟.层次分析法在太行山中南部造林树种选择中的应用[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):201-206.
[14]杨洋.基于层次分析法的绿道景观评价模型的构建与应用[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[15]刘营营,佘冬立,刘冬冬,等.土地利用与土壤容重双因子对土壤水分入渗过程的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):84-88,94.
[16]赵筱青,和春兰,许新惠.云南山地尾叶桉类林引种对土壤物理性质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(11):1810-1816.
[17]姜霞,张喜,张佐玉,等.不同喀斯特峡谷土壤物理性质空间变异的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(4):87-90,96.
[18]衣晓丹.不同发育阶段杉木人工林土壤理化性质及凋落物养分储存量研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013.
[2]张国庆,杨吉华,于连家,等.石灰岩山地不同整地组合对侧柏林蓄水保土功能的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,7(1):209-214.
[3]刘轶.森林抚育管理的有效途径[J].中国农业信息,2016(11):54-55.
[4]赵匡记,汪加魏,施侃侃,等.北京市西山林场游憩林抚育的森林健康评价[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(10):65-69.
[5]胡建朋,杨吉华,罗明达,等.山东砂石山区不同林分类型土壤的蓄水效益[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(5):67-72.
[6]汪永文,王力,王丽丽,等.马尾松混交林林下植被结构及生物量特征研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,2010,37(2):312-316.
[7]李小倩,杨吉华,魏晓明.鲁中南石灰岩山地针阔混交林土壤理化性状及水文效应[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):208-211,230.
[8]胡建朋,杨吉华,罗明达,等.山东石灰岩山地不同林分类型土壤入渗特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(3):54-58.
[9]刘丽.济南主城区石灰岩山地公园适生木本植物选择研究[D].济南:山东建筑大学,2017.
[10]杨菲,杨吉华,艾钊,等.鲁中片麻岩低山丘陵针阔混交林蓄水保土效益研究[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(2):51-56.
[11]董波,万福绪,严妍,等.徐州市石灰岩山地不同植被恢复模式的碳储量[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(3):288-292.
[12]陈勇,孙冰,廖绍波,等.城市森林林内景观评价指标筛选研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(16):32-36.
[13]赵娟.层次分析法在太行山中南部造林树种选择中的应用[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):201-206.
[14]杨洋.基于层次分析法的绿道景观评价模型的构建与应用[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[15]刘营营,佘冬立,刘冬冬,等.土地利用与土壤容重双因子对土壤水分入渗过程的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):84-88,94.
[16]赵筱青,和春兰,许新惠.云南山地尾叶桉类林引种对土壤物理性质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(11):1810-1816.
[17]姜霞,张喜,张佐玉,等.不同喀斯特峡谷土壤物理性质空间变异的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(4):87-90,96.
[18]衣晓丹.不同发育阶段杉木人工林土壤理化性质及凋落物养分储存量研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013.