角闪石成分对东天山铜镍矿床岩浆过程的指示意义
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摘要
图拉尔根、香山和天宇、白石泉岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床分别位于新疆东天山的觉罗塔格构造带和中天山地块,角闪石在这些矿床中均以贯通矿物产出。本研究通过这些矿床角闪石的主量和微量元素含量,讨论两个构造单元成矿岩浆的性质和演化过程。四个矿床的角闪石种属主要为韭闪石、镁绿钙闪石、浅闪石、钛闪石、钙镁闪石和镁闪石,结晶温度区间为940～1080℃,压力区间为250～450MPa,相当于11～15km的深度。图拉尔根和香山矿床的角闪石结晶温度和压力均相对较低(平均分别为1027℃、318MPa和1013℃、313MPa),可能与其所处的觉罗塔格构造带断裂发育,成矿母岩浆易于侵位到较浅处结晶有关。四个矿床角闪石结晶时岩浆的含水量均较高(4%左右),可能是俯冲交代作用导致的地幔源区本身水含量较高以及角闪石结晶较晚共同作用的结果。相较于觉罗塔格构造带的图拉尔根和香山矿床(0 <ΔNNO <1. 7),角闪石氧逸度计指示中天山地块天宇和白石泉矿床的氧逸度变化范围大且偏低(分别是-0. 6 <ΔNNO <1. 7和-0. 4 <ΔNNO <1. 8)。中天山铜镍矿床的氧逸度特征及相对觉罗塔格构造带较低的微量元素Ce/Pb比值指示其岩浆侵位过程中受到的古老地块的混染作用较强。以上研究表明角闪石虽是玄武质岩浆中较晚结晶的矿物,但能为示踪铜镍矿床岩浆演化提供重要线索。
Tulaergen and Xiangshan,Tianyu and Baishiquan magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide ore deposits are located in Jueluotage belt and Central Tianshan Massif of eastern Tianshan,Xinjiang Province,respectively,and the amphibole is the common mineral through these areas. In this study,we use the characteristics of major and trace elements contents in amphiboles to discuss the property and the process of evolution of magma. All the amphiboles are mainly classified as pargasite,magnesiohastingsite,endenite,kaersutite,tschermakite and magnesiohornblende,forming at the range of 940 ～ 1080℃,250 ～ 450 MPa,thus crystallizing at depths of 11 ～15 km. Amphiboles in Tulaergen and Xiangshan deposits have been crystallized in lower temperature and pressure( 1027℃,318 MP and 1013℃,313 MPa,respectively),which can be a result of their tectonic background,Jueluotage belt,where there may be more fractures which is helpful for magma to ascend to shallow position to crystallize. H2 O in co-existed melts of all four deposits when amphiboles crystallized is high( about 4%),which could be the result of both high water contents of mantel source due to subduction and late-stage of the amphibole crystallization. Compared with Tulaergen and Xiangshan deposits in Jueluotage belt( 0 < ΔNNO <1. 7),the amphibole oxy-barometers suggested that Tianyu and Baishiquan in Central Tianshan Massif have a larger extent and lower value of oxygen fugacity( 0. 6 < ΔNNO < 1. 7 in Tianyu and-0. 4 < ΔNNO < 1. 8 in Baishiquan,respectively). We can see the crustal contamination in Central Tianshan Massif is heavier from the massages indicated by the characteristics of oxygen fugacity and trace elements( the lower Ce/Pb value comparing to Jueluotage belt). Above all,though amphibole is the late-stage crystallization phase of basaltic magma,it can afford vital clues to trace magmatic evolution of copper-nickel deposits.
Tulaergen and Xiangshan,Tianyu and Baishiquan magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide ore deposits are located in Jueluotage belt and Central Tianshan Massif of eastern Tianshan,Xinjiang Province,respectively,and the amphibole is the common mineral through these areas. In this study,we use the characteristics of major and trace elements contents in amphiboles to discuss the property and the process of evolution of magma. All the amphiboles are mainly classified as pargasite,magnesiohastingsite,endenite,kaersutite,tschermakite and magnesiohornblende,forming at the range of 940 ～ 1080℃,250 ～ 450 MPa,thus crystallizing at depths of 11 ～15 km. Amphiboles in Tulaergen and Xiangshan deposits have been crystallized in lower temperature and pressure( 1027℃,318 MP and 1013℃,313 MPa,respectively),which can be a result of their tectonic background,Jueluotage belt,where there may be more fractures which is helpful for magma to ascend to shallow position to crystallize. H2 O in co-existed melts of all four deposits when amphiboles crystallized is high( about 4%),which could be the result of both high water contents of mantel source due to subduction and late-stage of the amphibole crystallization. Compared with Tulaergen and Xiangshan deposits in Jueluotage belt( 0 < ΔNNO <1. 7),the amphibole oxy-barometers suggested that Tianyu and Baishiquan in Central Tianshan Massif have a larger extent and lower value of oxygen fugacity( 0. 6 < ΔNNO < 1. 7 in Tianyu and-0. 4 < ΔNNO < 1. 8 in Baishiquan,respectively). We can see the crustal contamination in Central Tianshan Massif is heavier from the massages indicated by the characteristics of oxygen fugacity and trace elements( the lower Ce/Pb value comparing to Jueluotage belt). Above all,though amphibole is the late-stage crystallization phase of basaltic magma,it can afford vital clues to trace magmatic evolution of copper-nickel deposits.
引文
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