围产期奶牛氧化应激初步预警体系的建立
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摘要
旨在通过对围产期奶牛能量负平衡指标与其他血液生化指标的分析,初步建立围产期奶牛氧化应激的预警体系。本试验以能量负平衡为判定标准,BHBA>1.2 mmoI/L,NEFA>0.4 mmoI/L,GLU<3 mmoI/L为发病组,BHBA<1.2 mmoI/L,NEFA<0.4 mmoI/L,GLU>3 mmoI/L为健康对照组,各采集围产期发病组和对照组各25头奶牛的血液并对血中能量代谢、矿物质代谢、微量元素代谢、氧化应激、免疫抑制指标进行独立样本T检验和spearman相关分析,并利用logistic二元逻辑回归预测疾病,最后利用ROC分析确立分界值和诊断效果。结果显示:发病组奶牛血液中的Ca、GSH-Px、CAT、Ve、Mg、Se、Cu水平小于健康组;发病组奶牛血液中的IL-1、IL-6、CRP、IL-2、HP、TNF-α的水平高于健康组,表明能量负平衡的奶牛机体存在氧化应激并伴有炎症和矿物质代谢紊乱。奶牛血液中的Ca、Mg、GSH-Px、CAT、Cu、Se、Ve与BHBA呈显著的负相关,IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、HP、TNF-α与BHBA呈显著的正相关;奶牛血液中的Ca、Mg、GSH-Px、CAT、Ve、Cu与NEFA呈显著的负相关,IL-2、HP、TNF-α与NEFA呈显著的正相关;奶牛血液中的Ca、GSH-Px与GLU呈显著的正相关,IL-6、HP与GLU呈显著的负相关。经回归分析确定Ca、Mg、GSH-Px、CAT、Cu、Se、Ve、IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、TNF-α、HP、BHBA 13项指标与围产期泌乳奶牛氧化应激相关,经ROC分析确立GSH-Px、CAT、Se、IL-6、IL-2、TNF-α、BHBA 7项指标可作为氧化应激发生的预警指标。结果表明,因此,能量负平衡、VE、Se缺乏、炎性因子增多和矿物质代谢紊乱是奶牛产后氧化应激发生的风险因素,但VE和Ca未成为氧化应激的预警指标。初步证实了围产期奶牛氧化应激发生的预警指标,为今后更有效的监控和预防奠定理论基础。
To establish an early warning system for oxidative stress in dairy cows during the perinatal period by analyzing the energy negative balance of perinatal dairy cows and other blood biochemical indicators.In this experiment,negative balance of energy was used as the criterion,BHBA>1.2 mmoI/L,NEFA>0.4 mmoI/L,GLU<3 mmoI/L as the onset group,BHBA<1.2 mmoI/L,NEFA<0.4 mmoI/L,GLU >3 mmoI/L was a healthy control group.Blood samples were collected from 25 dairy cows of each the peripartum onset group and the control group,for blood energy metabolism,mineral metabolism,trace element metabolism,oxidative stress,and immunosuppressive indicators.T-test and spearman correlation analysis were done,and using logistic binary logistic regression to predict disease,and finally ROC analysis was used to establish the demarcation value and the diagnostic effect.(1) The levels of Ca,GSH-Px,CAT,Ve,Mg,Se,and Cu in the blood of the diseased cows were lower than those in the healthy group;IL-1,IL-6,CRP,IL-2,Hp and TNF-αin the blood of the diseased cows were higher than those of the healthy group,indicating that the cows with negative energy balance have oxidative stress and are accompanied by inflammation and mineral metabolism disorders.(2)The Ca,Mg,GSH-Px,CAT,Cu,Se,and Ve in the blood of dairy cows were significantly negatively correlated with BHBA,and IL-1,IL-2,IL-6,HP,TNF-αand BHBA.Significantly positive correlation;cows blood Ca,Mg,GSH-Px,CAT,Ve,Cu showed a significant negative correlation NEFA,IL-2,HP,and TNF-αshowed a significant positive correlation;There was a significant positive correlation between Ca,GSH-Px and GLU,and a significant negative correlation between IL-6,HP and GLU.(3)Thirteen indicators of Ca,Mg,GSH-Px,CAT,Cu,Se,Ve,IL-1,IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,HP,BHBA in perinatal period were related to oxidative stress in lactating dairy cows by regression analysis.The ROC analysis established that GSH-Px,CAT,Se,IL-6,IL-2,TNF-αand BHBA can be used as early warning indicators of oxidative stress.Therefore,negative balance of energy,VE and Se deficiency,increased inflammatory factors and mineral metabolism disorder are risk factors for postpartum oxidative stress in dairy cows,but VE and Ca have not become early warning indicators of oxidative stress.We initially confirmed early warning indicators of oxidative stress in perinatal dairy cows,laying the foundation for more effective monitoring and prevention in the future.
To establish an early warning system for oxidative stress in dairy cows during the perinatal period by analyzing the energy negative balance of perinatal dairy cows and other blood biochemical indicators.In this experiment,negative balance of energy was used as the criterion,BHBA>1.2 mmoI/L,NEFA>0.4 mmoI/L,GLU<3 mmoI/L as the onset group,BHBA<1.2 mmoI/L,NEFA<0.4 mmoI/L,GLU >3 mmoI/L was a healthy control group.Blood samples were collected from 25 dairy cows of each the peripartum onset group and the control group,for blood energy metabolism,mineral metabolism,trace element metabolism,oxidative stress,and immunosuppressive indicators.T-test and spearman correlation analysis were done,and using logistic binary logistic regression to predict disease,and finally ROC analysis was used to establish the demarcation value and the diagnostic effect.(1) The levels of Ca,GSH-Px,CAT,Ve,Mg,Se,and Cu in the blood of the diseased cows were lower than those in the healthy group;IL-1,IL-6,CRP,IL-2,Hp and TNF-αin the blood of the diseased cows were higher than those of the healthy group,indicating that the cows with negative energy balance have oxidative stress and are accompanied by inflammation and mineral metabolism disorders.(2)The Ca,Mg,GSH-Px,CAT,Cu,Se,and Ve in the blood of dairy cows were significantly negatively correlated with BHBA,and IL-1,IL-2,IL-6,HP,TNF-αand BHBA.Significantly positive correlation;cows blood Ca,Mg,GSH-Px,CAT,Ve,Cu showed a significant negative correlation NEFA,IL-2,HP,and TNF-αshowed a significant positive correlation;There was a significant positive correlation between Ca,GSH-Px and GLU,and a significant negative correlation between IL-6,HP and GLU.(3)Thirteen indicators of Ca,Mg,GSH-Px,CAT,Cu,Se,Ve,IL-1,IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,HP,BHBA in perinatal period were related to oxidative stress in lactating dairy cows by regression analysis.The ROC analysis established that GSH-Px,CAT,Se,IL-6,IL-2,TNF-αand BHBA can be used as early warning indicators of oxidative stress.Therefore,negative balance of energy,VE and Se deficiency,increased inflammatory factors and mineral metabolism disorder are risk factors for postpartum oxidative stress in dairy cows,but VE and Ca have not become early warning indicators of oxidative stress.We initially confirmed early warning indicators of oxidative stress in perinatal dairy cows,laying the foundation for more effective monitoring and prevention in the future.
引文
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[8] 蔡高占.干奶期日粮能量水平对奶牛生产性能及代谢影响的研究[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2015.
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[11] 张捷,吴树清,杜山.外源 Se对绵羊孕期体内相关抗氧化酶的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(8):82-84.
[12] SUZUKI K,NAKAJI S,YAMADA M,et al.Systemic inflammatory response to exhaustive exercise.Cytokine kinetics[J].Exerc Immunol Rev,2002,8(1):6-17.
[13] POPA C,NETEA M G,VAN RIEL P L,et al.The role of TNF-alpha in chronic inflammatory conditions,intermediary metabolism,and cardiovascular risk[J].J Lipid Res,2007,48(4):751-763.
[14] MOYES K M,LARSEN T,INGVARTSEN K L.Generation of an index for physiological imbalance and its use as a predictor of primary disease in dairy cows during early lactation[J].J Dairy Sci,2013,96(4):2161-2170.
[15] MEHRZAD J,DOSOGNE H,MEYER E,et al.Respiratory burst activity of blood and milk neutrophils in dairy cows during different stages of lactation[J].J Dairy Res,2001,68(3):399-415.
[16] DRACKLEY J K.ADSA Foundation Scholar Award.Biology of dairy cows during the transition period:the final frontier?[J].J Dairy Sci,1999,82(11):2259-2273.
[17] BENDICH A.Physiological role of antioxidants in the immune system[J].J Dairy Sci,1993,76(9):2789-2794.
[18] SPEARS J W.Micronutrients and immune function in cattle[J].Proc Nutr Soc,2000,59(4):587-594.
[19] SHARMA,SINGH,SINGH O P,et al.Oxidative stress and antioxidant status during transition period in dairy cows[J].Asian Austral J Anim Sci,2011,24(4):479-484.
[20] 孙应祥,曹福泰,李龙,等.奶牛围产期疾病对血中 SOD 及 MDA 含量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(28):15642-15644.
[2] BERNABUCCI U,RONCHI B,LACETERA N,et al.Influence of body condition score on relationships between metabolic status and oxidative stress in periparturient dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2005,88(6):2017-2026.
[3] NORDBERG J, ARNéR E S J.Reactive oxygen species,antioxidants,and the mammalian thioredoxin system 1[J].Free Radic Biol Med,2001,31(11):1287-1312.
[4] BRZEZINSKA-SLEBODZINSKA E,MILLER J K,MOORE J R,et al.Antioxidant status of dairy cows supplemented prepartum with vitamin E and selenium[J].J Dairy Sci,1994,77(10):3087-3095.
[5] MILLER J K,BRZEZINSKA-SLEBODZINSKA E,MADSEN F C.Oxidative stress,antioxidants,and animal function[J].J Dairy Sci,1993,76(9):2812-2822
[6] SIES H.Oxidative stress:a concept in redox biology and medicine[J].Redox Biol,2015, 4:180-183.
[7] SUN F,CAO Y,YAO J.Research advances in glucose balance and regulation for perinatal dairy cattle[J].Feed Industry,2013,18(2):47-65
[8] 蔡高占.干奶期日粮能量水平对奶牛生产性能及代谢影响的研究[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2015.
[9] CASTILLO C, HERNANDEZ J, BRAVO A, et al.Oxidative status during late pregnancy and early lactation in dairy cows[J].Vet J,2005,169(2):286-292.
[10] SORDILLO L M,AITKEN S L.Impact of oxidative stress on the health and immune function of dairy cattle[J].Vet Immunol Immunopathol,2009,128(1/3):104-109.
[11] 张捷,吴树清,杜山.外源 Se对绵羊孕期体内相关抗氧化酶的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(8):82-84.
[12] SUZUKI K,NAKAJI S,YAMADA M,et al.Systemic inflammatory response to exhaustive exercise.Cytokine kinetics[J].Exerc Immunol Rev,2002,8(1):6-17.
[13] POPA C,NETEA M G,VAN RIEL P L,et al.The role of TNF-alpha in chronic inflammatory conditions,intermediary metabolism,and cardiovascular risk[J].J Lipid Res,2007,48(4):751-763.
[14] MOYES K M,LARSEN T,INGVARTSEN K L.Generation of an index for physiological imbalance and its use as a predictor of primary disease in dairy cows during early lactation[J].J Dairy Sci,2013,96(4):2161-2170.
[15] MEHRZAD J,DOSOGNE H,MEYER E,et al.Respiratory burst activity of blood and milk neutrophils in dairy cows during different stages of lactation[J].J Dairy Res,2001,68(3):399-415.
[16] DRACKLEY J K.ADSA Foundation Scholar Award.Biology of dairy cows during the transition period:the final frontier?[J].J Dairy Sci,1999,82(11):2259-2273.
[17] BENDICH A.Physiological role of antioxidants in the immune system[J].J Dairy Sci,1993,76(9):2789-2794.
[18] SPEARS J W.Micronutrients and immune function in cattle[J].Proc Nutr Soc,2000,59(4):587-594.
[19] SHARMA,SINGH,SINGH O P,et al.Oxidative stress and antioxidant status during transition period in dairy cows[J].Asian Austral J Anim Sci,2011,24(4):479-484.
[20] 孙应祥,曹福泰,李龙,等.奶牛围产期疾病对血中 SOD 及 MDA 含量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(28):15642-15644.