HIV阳性男男性行为者肛门高危型HPV感染的危险因素
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摘要
艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性男男性行为者(MSM)是肛门癌的好发人群,高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)是重要的致病因素之一。高效抗反转录病毒治疗(HAART)能有效延长艾滋病病人的寿命,然而多个研究报道HAART并不能降低HPV感染发生率和肛门癌发病率。目前我国尚没有针对HPV阳性MSM的HPV疫苗,因此HPV相关知识的宣传教育及生活指导对降低该人群HPV远期疾病负担尤为重要。本文对HIV阳性MSM中肛门高危型HPV感染的危险因素进行综述。
HIV-infected men who have sex with men(MSM) is a high-risk group for anal cancer. High-risk human papillomavirus(HPV) plays an important role in pathogenesis of anal cancer. Highly effective antiretroviral therapy(HAART) can effectively prolong the life of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients. However, many studies have reported that HAART does not reduce the incidence of HPV infection and anal cancer. At present, there is no HPV vaccine targeting HPV-infected MSM in China. HPV-related education and guidance are particularly important to reduce the HPV long-term disease burden of this group. This article reviews the risk factors of anal high-risk HPV infection among HIV-infected MSM.
HIV-infected men who have sex with men(MSM) is a high-risk group for anal cancer. High-risk human papillomavirus(HPV) plays an important role in pathogenesis of anal cancer. Highly effective antiretroviral therapy(HAART) can effectively prolong the life of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients. However, many studies have reported that HAART does not reduce the incidence of HPV infection and anal cancer. At present, there is no HPV vaccine targeting HPV-infected MSM in China. HPV-related education and guidance are particularly important to reduce the HPV long-term disease burden of this group. This article reviews the risk factors of anal high-risk HPV infection among HIV-infected MSM.
引文
[1]Clark MA,Hartley A,Geh JI,et al.Cancer of the anal canal[J].Lancet Oncol,2004,5(3):149-157.
[2]Wilkinson JR,Morris EJA,Downing A,et al.The rising incidence of anal cancer in England 1990-2010:apopulation-based study[J].Colorectal Disease,2014,16(7):O234-O239.
[3]Park IU,Palefsky JM.Evaluation and Management of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men[J].Curr Infect Dis Rep,2010,12(2):126-133.
[4]Machalek DA,Poynten M,Jin F,et al.Anal human papillomavirus infection and associated neoplastic lesions in men who have sex with men:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Lancet Oncol,2012,13(5):487-500.
[5]Daling JR,Madeleine MM,Johnson LG,et al.Human papillomavirus,smoking,and sexual practices in the etiology of anal cancer[J].Cancer,2004,101(2):270-280.
[6]van der Zee RP,Richel O,de Vries HJ,et al.The increasing incidence of anal cancer:can it be explained by trends in risk groups[J].Neth J Med,2013,71(8):401-411.
[7]蒋均,张文君,郭志宏,等.中国部分HIV高危人群HPV感染现状及影响因素的Meta分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,20(11):818-822.
[8]Crum-Cianflone NF,Hullsiek KH,Marconi VC,et al.Anal cancers among HIV-infected persons:HAART is not slowing rising incidence[J].AIDS,2010,24(4):535-543.
[9]Rosa-Cunha I,Degennaro VA,Hartmann R,et al.Description of apilot anal pap smear screening program among individuals attending a Veteran′s Affairs HIV clinic[J].AIDS Patient Care STDS,2011,25(4):213-219.
[10]Lee CH,Lee SH,Lee S,et al.Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection among HIV-Infected Men in Korea[J].PLoS One,2016,11(8):e161460.
[11]Schwartz LM,Castle PE,Follansbee S,et al.Risk factors for anal HPV infection and anal precancer in HIV-infected men who have sex with men[J].J Infect Dis,2013,208(11):1768-1775.
[12]Hernandez AL,Efird JT,Holly EA,et al.Risk factors for anal human papillomavirus infection type 16among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in San Francisco[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2013,63(4):532-539.
[13]Geskus RB,Gonzalez C,Torres M,et al.Incidence and clearance of anal high-risk human papillomavirus in HIV-positive men who have sex with men:estimates and risk factors[J].AIDS,2016,30(1):37-44.
[14]Melo VH,Grinsztejn B,Rocha GM,et al.Anal HPV prevalence and associated factors among HIV-seropositive men under antiretroviral treatment in Brazil[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2011,57(3):S217-224.
[15]Torres-Ibarra L,Conde-Glez CJ,Salmeron J,et al.Risk factors for anal HPV-16/18infection in Mexican HIV-infected men who have sex with men[J].Prev Med,2014(69):157-164.
[16]Hernandez AL,Efird JT,Holly EA,et al.Incidence of and risk factors for type-specific anal human papillomavirus infection among HIV-positive MSM[J].AIDS,2014,28(9):1341-1349.
[17]田恬,蔡爱杰,黄冰雪,等.乌鲁木齐市男同性恋浴池与艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊的MSM感染HPV情况比较[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(1):53-57.
[18]SzabóE,Kósa C,Babarczi E,et al.Prevalence of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in Hungarian Men Who Have Sex with Men[J].Pathol Oncol Res,2018,24(3):671-677.
[19]Ig Stolte F,Mooij SH,van der Sande MAB,et al.Anal and penile high-risk human papillomavirus prevalence in HIV-negative and HIV-infected MSM[J].AIDS,2013,27(18):2921-2931.
[20]Hu Y,Qian HZ,Sun J,et al.Anal human papillomavirus infection among HIV-infected and uninfected men who have sex with men in Beijing,China[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2013,64(1):103-114.
[21]Tobian AA,Grabowski MK,Kigozi G,et al.High-risk human papillomavirus prevalence is associated with HIV infection among heterosexual men in Rakai,Uganda[J].Sex Transm Infect,2013,89(2):122-127.
[22]Cheng SH,Chu FY,Lin YS,et al.Influence of age and CD4+T cell counts on the prevalence of genital human papillomavirus infection among HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men in Taiwan[J].J Med Virol,2012,84(12):1876-1883.
[23]Hidalgo TC,Rivero RM,Concha A,et al.CD4lymphocytes as aprotective factor against infection by oncogenic genotypes of human papillomavirus in the anal mucosa of men who have sex with human immunodeficiency virus positive men[J].Med Clin(Barc),2013,140(5):193-199.
[24]Hogg R,Lima V,Sterne JA,et al.Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries:a collaborative analysis of 14cohort studies[J].Lancet,2008,372(9635):293-299.
[25]van der Snoek EM,van der Ende ME,den Hollander JC,et al.Use of highly active antiretroviral therapy is associated with lower prevalence of anal intraepithelial neoplastic lesions and lower prevalence of human papillomavirus in HIV-infected men who have sex with men[J].Sex Transm Dis,2012,39(7):495-500.
[26]Piketty C,Selinger-Leneman H,Bouvier AM,et al.Incidence of HIV-Related Anal Cancer Remains Increased Despite LongTerm Combined Antiretroviral Treatment:Results From the French Hospital Database on HIV[J].J Clin Oncol,2012,30(35):4360-4366.
[27]Palefsky JM,Holly EA,Efirdc JT,et al.Anal intraepithelial neoplasia in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era among HIV-positive men who have sex with men[J].AIDS,2005,19(13):1407-1414.
[28]Piketty C,Darragh TM,Heard I,et al.High prevalence of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in HIV-positive men despite the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy[J].Sex Transm Dis,2004,31(2):96-99.
[29]Parisi SG,Cruciani M,Scaggiante R,et al.Anal and oral human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in HIV-infected subjects in northern Italy:a longitudinal cohort study among men who have sex with men[J].BMC Infect Dis,2011(11):150.
[30]Phanuphak N,Teeratakulpisarn N,Pankam T,et al.Anal human papillomavirus infection among Thai men who have sex with men with and without HIV infection:prevalence,incidence,and persistence[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2013,63(4):472-479.
[31]Hong Y,Zhang C,Li X,et al.HPV and cervical cancer related knowledge,awareness and testing behaviors in a community sample of female sex workers in China[J].BMC Public Health,2013(13):696.
[32]Lu B,Kumar A,Giuliano AR,et al.Efficacy and safety of prophylactic vaccines against cervical HPV infection and diseases among women:a systematic review&meta-analysis[J].BMCInfect Dis,2011(11):13.
[33]Luxembourg A,Moeller E.9-Valent human papillomavirus vaccine:a review of the clinical development program[J].Expert Rev Vaccines,2017,16(11):1119-1139.
[34]Petrosky E,Bocchini JJ,Hariri S,et al.Use of 9-valent human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccine:updated HPV vaccination recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices[J].MMWR,2015,64(11):300-304.
[2]Wilkinson JR,Morris EJA,Downing A,et al.The rising incidence of anal cancer in England 1990-2010:apopulation-based study[J].Colorectal Disease,2014,16(7):O234-O239.
[3]Park IU,Palefsky JM.Evaluation and Management of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men[J].Curr Infect Dis Rep,2010,12(2):126-133.
[4]Machalek DA,Poynten M,Jin F,et al.Anal human papillomavirus infection and associated neoplastic lesions in men who have sex with men:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Lancet Oncol,2012,13(5):487-500.
[5]Daling JR,Madeleine MM,Johnson LG,et al.Human papillomavirus,smoking,and sexual practices in the etiology of anal cancer[J].Cancer,2004,101(2):270-280.
[6]van der Zee RP,Richel O,de Vries HJ,et al.The increasing incidence of anal cancer:can it be explained by trends in risk groups[J].Neth J Med,2013,71(8):401-411.
[7]蒋均,张文君,郭志宏,等.中国部分HIV高危人群HPV感染现状及影响因素的Meta分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,20(11):818-822.
[8]Crum-Cianflone NF,Hullsiek KH,Marconi VC,et al.Anal cancers among HIV-infected persons:HAART is not slowing rising incidence[J].AIDS,2010,24(4):535-543.
[9]Rosa-Cunha I,Degennaro VA,Hartmann R,et al.Description of apilot anal pap smear screening program among individuals attending a Veteran′s Affairs HIV clinic[J].AIDS Patient Care STDS,2011,25(4):213-219.
[10]Lee CH,Lee SH,Lee S,et al.Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection among HIV-Infected Men in Korea[J].PLoS One,2016,11(8):e161460.
[11]Schwartz LM,Castle PE,Follansbee S,et al.Risk factors for anal HPV infection and anal precancer in HIV-infected men who have sex with men[J].J Infect Dis,2013,208(11):1768-1775.
[12]Hernandez AL,Efird JT,Holly EA,et al.Risk factors for anal human papillomavirus infection type 16among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in San Francisco[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2013,63(4):532-539.
[13]Geskus RB,Gonzalez C,Torres M,et al.Incidence and clearance of anal high-risk human papillomavirus in HIV-positive men who have sex with men:estimates and risk factors[J].AIDS,2016,30(1):37-44.
[14]Melo VH,Grinsztejn B,Rocha GM,et al.Anal HPV prevalence and associated factors among HIV-seropositive men under antiretroviral treatment in Brazil[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2011,57(3):S217-224.
[15]Torres-Ibarra L,Conde-Glez CJ,Salmeron J,et al.Risk factors for anal HPV-16/18infection in Mexican HIV-infected men who have sex with men[J].Prev Med,2014(69):157-164.
[16]Hernandez AL,Efird JT,Holly EA,et al.Incidence of and risk factors for type-specific anal human papillomavirus infection among HIV-positive MSM[J].AIDS,2014,28(9):1341-1349.
[17]田恬,蔡爱杰,黄冰雪,等.乌鲁木齐市男同性恋浴池与艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊的MSM感染HPV情况比较[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(1):53-57.
[18]SzabóE,Kósa C,Babarczi E,et al.Prevalence of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in Hungarian Men Who Have Sex with Men[J].Pathol Oncol Res,2018,24(3):671-677.
[19]Ig Stolte F,Mooij SH,van der Sande MAB,et al.Anal and penile high-risk human papillomavirus prevalence in HIV-negative and HIV-infected MSM[J].AIDS,2013,27(18):2921-2931.
[20]Hu Y,Qian HZ,Sun J,et al.Anal human papillomavirus infection among HIV-infected and uninfected men who have sex with men in Beijing,China[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2013,64(1):103-114.
[21]Tobian AA,Grabowski MK,Kigozi G,et al.High-risk human papillomavirus prevalence is associated with HIV infection among heterosexual men in Rakai,Uganda[J].Sex Transm Infect,2013,89(2):122-127.
[22]Cheng SH,Chu FY,Lin YS,et al.Influence of age and CD4+T cell counts on the prevalence of genital human papillomavirus infection among HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men in Taiwan[J].J Med Virol,2012,84(12):1876-1883.
[23]Hidalgo TC,Rivero RM,Concha A,et al.CD4lymphocytes as aprotective factor against infection by oncogenic genotypes of human papillomavirus in the anal mucosa of men who have sex with human immunodeficiency virus positive men[J].Med Clin(Barc),2013,140(5):193-199.
[24]Hogg R,Lima V,Sterne JA,et al.Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries:a collaborative analysis of 14cohort studies[J].Lancet,2008,372(9635):293-299.
[25]van der Snoek EM,van der Ende ME,den Hollander JC,et al.Use of highly active antiretroviral therapy is associated with lower prevalence of anal intraepithelial neoplastic lesions and lower prevalence of human papillomavirus in HIV-infected men who have sex with men[J].Sex Transm Dis,2012,39(7):495-500.
[26]Piketty C,Selinger-Leneman H,Bouvier AM,et al.Incidence of HIV-Related Anal Cancer Remains Increased Despite LongTerm Combined Antiretroviral Treatment:Results From the French Hospital Database on HIV[J].J Clin Oncol,2012,30(35):4360-4366.
[27]Palefsky JM,Holly EA,Efirdc JT,et al.Anal intraepithelial neoplasia in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era among HIV-positive men who have sex with men[J].AIDS,2005,19(13):1407-1414.
[28]Piketty C,Darragh TM,Heard I,et al.High prevalence of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in HIV-positive men despite the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy[J].Sex Transm Dis,2004,31(2):96-99.
[29]Parisi SG,Cruciani M,Scaggiante R,et al.Anal and oral human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in HIV-infected subjects in northern Italy:a longitudinal cohort study among men who have sex with men[J].BMC Infect Dis,2011(11):150.
[30]Phanuphak N,Teeratakulpisarn N,Pankam T,et al.Anal human papillomavirus infection among Thai men who have sex with men with and without HIV infection:prevalence,incidence,and persistence[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2013,63(4):472-479.
[31]Hong Y,Zhang C,Li X,et al.HPV and cervical cancer related knowledge,awareness and testing behaviors in a community sample of female sex workers in China[J].BMC Public Health,2013(13):696.
[32]Lu B,Kumar A,Giuliano AR,et al.Efficacy and safety of prophylactic vaccines against cervical HPV infection and diseases among women:a systematic review&meta-analysis[J].BMCInfect Dis,2011(11):13.
[33]Luxembourg A,Moeller E.9-Valent human papillomavirus vaccine:a review of the clinical development program[J].Expert Rev Vaccines,2017,16(11):1119-1139.
[34]Petrosky E,Bocchini JJ,Hariri S,et al.Use of 9-valent human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccine:updated HPV vaccination recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices[J].MMWR,2015,64(11):300-304.