科技要素投入与地区经济增长——基于中国城市的实证分析
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摘要
科技投入与地区经济增长有着密切的关系。利用中国286个城市2004-2015年的数据,对不同科技要素与经济增长的关系进行计量分析,同时探索其时空分布规律。结果表明:科技要素投入与城市经济增长呈现显著的正相关,其中,智力投入的产出弹性最大,对直辖市的推动作用最为显著;信息发展水平次之,在东部表现得更明显。此外,时间上,科技智力投入的影响占主导,劳动力对城市经济增长的影响逐步让位于资本;地理空间上,科技投入的正向影响主要分布在中国南方地区、辽东半岛、京津冀地区、长江三角洲地区。最后,从教育、科技信息水平等方面提出了中国经济增长的建议。
Investment in science and technology is closely related to regional economic growth. Based on the data of 286 cities in China from 2004 to 2015, this paper makes an econometric analysis of the relationship between different scientific and technological factors and economic growth, and its space-time distribution rule is explored. The results show that the input of scientific and technological elements is significantly and positively related to urban economic growth. Among them, the output elasticity of intelligence input is the largest, the promotion effect to the municipality is the most significant, the level of information development is the second, all of which more obvious in the east. In addition, in time, the influence of scientific and technological intelligence investment is dominant, and the influence of labor force on urban economic growth gradually gives way to capital. The positive effects of scientific and technological investment are mainly distributed in southern China, Liaodong Peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Yangtze River Delta area. Finally, suggestions in terms of education, science and technology information level and so on are proposed for our country economic growth.
Investment in science and technology is closely related to regional economic growth. Based on the data of 286 cities in China from 2004 to 2015, this paper makes an econometric analysis of the relationship between different scientific and technological factors and economic growth, and its space-time distribution rule is explored. The results show that the input of scientific and technological elements is significantly and positively related to urban economic growth. Among them, the output elasticity of intelligence input is the largest, the promotion effect to the municipality is the most significant, the level of information development is the second, all of which more obvious in the east. In addition, in time, the influence of scientific and technological intelligence investment is dominant, and the influence of labor force on urban economic growth gradually gives way to capital. The positive effects of scientific and technological investment are mainly distributed in southern China, Liaodong Peninsula, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Yangtze River Delta area. Finally, suggestions in terms of education, science and technology information level and so on are proposed for our country economic growth.
引文
白俊红,王钺,蒋伏心,李婧.2017.研发要素流动、空间知识溢出与经济增长[J].经济研究(7):109-123.
陈实,王亮,陈平.2017.实证分析不同来源科技投入对经济增长的贡献——基于中国与美国、日本研发数据的对比[J].科学学研究(8):1143-1231.
程水红,沈利生.2016.海峡西岸经济区知识溢出与区域经济增长——基于空间面板杜宾模型的实证研究[J].工业技术经济(6):84-91.
曹贤忠,曾刚,邹琳,刘刚.2016.基于面板数据的研发投入对区域经济增长影响分析[J].南长江流域资源与环境(2):208-217.
付敏.2013-05-24.林毅夫:中国经济还可保持年均8%高速增长20年[OL].http://finance.people.com.cn/n/2013/0524/c70846-21602910.html.
梁平汉,高楠.2017.实际权力结构与地方政府行为:理论模型与实证研究[J].经济研究(4):135-150.
马大勇.2013.中国技术创新与经济增长关系的实证分析[J].兰州学刊(11):75-80.
秦宇.2017.科技商业化、市场化与经济增长——基于科技资源投入视角[J].中国科技论坛(4):82-88
严成樑,龚六堂.2013.R&D规模、R&D结构与经济增长[J].南开经济研究(2):3-19.
尤瑞玲,陈秋玲.2017.中国沿海地区科技创新效率的省域差异研究[J].技术经济与管理研究 (5):119-123.
郑世林,周黎安,何维达.2014.电信基础设施与中国经济增长[J].经济研究(5):77-90.
CLERIDES S,LACH S,TYBOUT J R.1998.Is“Learning-by-exporting” Important?:Micro-dynamic Evidence from Colombia,Mexico and Morocco[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics(113):903-947.
FRANTZEN D.2000.R&D,Human Capital and International Technology Spillovers:A Cross-Country Analysis[J].The Scandina-vian Journal of Economics(102):57-75.
GRILICHES Z.1986.Productivity,R&D and Basic Research at the Firm Level in the 1970s[J].American Economic Review,76(1):141-154.
ROMER P M.1990.Endogenous Technological Change[J].Journal of Political Economy,98(1):1-11.
SOLOW R M.1957.Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function[J].The Review of Economics and Statistics,39(3):554-562.
STERLACCHINI A.2008.R&D,Higher Education and Regional Growth:Uneven Linkages among European Regions[J].Research Policy,37(6/7):1096-1107.
(1)根据中国行政体系划分,这些城市有4个直辖市、15个副省级城市以及267个地级市,其中三沙市(海南)、日喀则和昌都市(西藏)、海东市(青海)、毕节和铜仁市(贵州)由于数据缺失,未包括其中。
陈实,王亮,陈平.2017.实证分析不同来源科技投入对经济增长的贡献——基于中国与美国、日本研发数据的对比[J].科学学研究(8):1143-1231.
程水红,沈利生.2016.海峡西岸经济区知识溢出与区域经济增长——基于空间面板杜宾模型的实证研究[J].工业技术经济(6):84-91.
曹贤忠,曾刚,邹琳,刘刚.2016.基于面板数据的研发投入对区域经济增长影响分析[J].南长江流域资源与环境(2):208-217.
付敏.2013-05-24.林毅夫:中国经济还可保持年均8%高速增长20年[OL].http://finance.people.com.cn/n/2013/0524/c70846-21602910.html.
梁平汉,高楠.2017.实际权力结构与地方政府行为:理论模型与实证研究[J].经济研究(4):135-150.
马大勇.2013.中国技术创新与经济增长关系的实证分析[J].兰州学刊(11):75-80.
秦宇.2017.科技商业化、市场化与经济增长——基于科技资源投入视角[J].中国科技论坛(4):82-88
严成樑,龚六堂.2013.R&D规模、R&D结构与经济增长[J].南开经济研究(2):3-19.
尤瑞玲,陈秋玲.2017.中国沿海地区科技创新效率的省域差异研究[J].技术经济与管理研究 (5):119-123.
郑世林,周黎安,何维达.2014.电信基础设施与中国经济增长[J].经济研究(5):77-90.
CLERIDES S,LACH S,TYBOUT J R.1998.Is“Learning-by-exporting” Important?:Micro-dynamic Evidence from Colombia,Mexico and Morocco[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics(113):903-947.
FRANTZEN D.2000.R&D,Human Capital and International Technology Spillovers:A Cross-Country Analysis[J].The Scandina-vian Journal of Economics(102):57-75.
GRILICHES Z.1986.Productivity,R&D and Basic Research at the Firm Level in the 1970s[J].American Economic Review,76(1):141-154.
ROMER P M.1990.Endogenous Technological Change[J].Journal of Political Economy,98(1):1-11.
SOLOW R M.1957.Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function[J].The Review of Economics and Statistics,39(3):554-562.
STERLACCHINI A.2008.R&D,Higher Education and Regional Growth:Uneven Linkages among European Regions[J].Research Policy,37(6/7):1096-1107.
(1)根据中国行政体系划分,这些城市有4个直辖市、15个副省级城市以及267个地级市,其中三沙市(海南)、日喀则和昌都市(西藏)、海东市(青海)、毕节和铜仁市(贵州)由于数据缺失,未包括其中。