梁花阱铜矿急倾斜中厚矿体开采工艺研究
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摘要
梁花阱铜矿V号矿体属急倾斜中厚矿体,原采用分段凿岩阶段矿房法开采,上盘围岩局部不稳固发生坍塌,废石混入造成出矿品位达不到入选要求。针对原采矿方案存在问题,设计了切顶锚杆护顶中深孔留矿法采矿方案,将矿体沿厚度方向分为2层同时自下而上推进开采,靠上盘分层超前靠下盘分层一定距离,在靠上盘分层开采面下方的工作面中完成凿岩、爆破、护顶等作业。该采矿方案在矿山进行了采矿实验并取得成功,同原采矿方案比较,其千吨采切比减少了0.84 m/kt,综合回收率提高了3.2%,采矿工效提高了3.3 t/(工·班),生产能力提升了80 t/d,大块率下降了4.9%,采矿直接成本下降了1.8元/t。该采矿方案对类似开采条件的矿山具有应用与推广价值。
V ore-body of Lianghuajing Copper Mine belongs to the steeply inclined medium-thick ore-body. It is explored by sublevel drilling room stoping method. Collapses caused by local instability of surrounding rock at upper wall result that the ore grade can not meet the requirement of production due to mixing of waste rocks. Aiming at the problems existing in the original mining scheme,a medium-deep hole shrinkage mining scheme with roof-cutting bolt supporting is designed. The orebody is divided into two layers along the thickness direction,and is recovered from bottom to top. The drilling,blasting and roof-protecting operations are completed in the working face under the upper-wall slicing mining face by a certain distance from the lower-wall slicing ahead of the upper-wall slicing. This mining scheme has achieved success in mining experiments,that is,the 1 000-ton mining-cutting ratio has been reduced by 0.84 m/kt,the comprehensive recovery rate has been increased by 3.2%,the mining efficiency has been increased by 3.3 t/shift,the production capacity has been increased by 80 t/d,the bulk rate has been reduced by 4.9%,and the direct mining cost has been reduced by 1.8 yuan/t,compared with the original mining scheme. This mining scheme has the value of application and popularization for mines with similar mining conditions.
V ore-body of Lianghuajing Copper Mine belongs to the steeply inclined medium-thick ore-body. It is explored by sublevel drilling room stoping method. Collapses caused by local instability of surrounding rock at upper wall result that the ore grade can not meet the requirement of production due to mixing of waste rocks. Aiming at the problems existing in the original mining scheme,a medium-deep hole shrinkage mining scheme with roof-cutting bolt supporting is designed. The orebody is divided into two layers along the thickness direction,and is recovered from bottom to top. The drilling,blasting and roof-protecting operations are completed in the working face under the upper-wall slicing mining face by a certain distance from the lower-wall slicing ahead of the upper-wall slicing. This mining scheme has achieved success in mining experiments,that is,the 1 000-ton mining-cutting ratio has been reduced by 0.84 m/kt,the comprehensive recovery rate has been increased by 3.2%,the mining efficiency has been increased by 3.3 t/shift,the production capacity has been increased by 80 t/d,the bulk rate has been reduced by 4.9%,and the direct mining cost has been reduced by 1.8 yuan/t,compared with the original mining scheme. This mining scheme has the value of application and popularization for mines with similar mining conditions.
引文
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[6]GB50771-2012,有色金属采矿设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2012.GB50771-2012,Code for Mining Design of Nonferrous Metals[S].Beijing:China Planning Publishing House,2012.
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[2]陈国山,翁春林.金属矿地下开采[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.2009.Chen Guoshan,Weng Chunlin.Underground Mining of Metal Mines[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2009.
[3]夏建波,叶加冕,林友.王家寨铜矿缓倾斜极薄矿体开采研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(1):1-4.Xia Jianbo,Ye Jiamian,Lin You.Research on mining gently-inclined and extremely-chin orebody in Wangjiazhai Copper Mine[J].Mining Research and Development,2016,36(1):15-18.
[4]林友,尤本勇,董继德,等.观天厂铜矿倾斜薄矿体开采工艺研究[J].金属矿山,2018(2):46-49.Lin You,You Bengyong,Dong Jide,et al.Study on mining technology of inclined thin orebody in Guantianchang Copper Mine[J].Metal Mine,2018(2):46-49.
[5]吴沅声,段志伟,凌南.分段垂直中深孔落矿留矿法在大新锰矿的实践[J].中国猛业,2018,36(4):130-132.Wu Yuansheng,Duan Zhiwei,Ling Nan.A practice of sectional vertical medium-deep hole falling ore retention method in Daxin Manganese Mine[J].China's Manganese Industry,2018,36(1):130-132.
[6]GB50771-2012,有色金属采矿设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2012.GB50771-2012,Code for Mining Design of Nonferrous Metals[S].Beijing:China Planning Publishing House,2012.
[7]夏建波.单排漏斗电耙出矿底部结构参数优化[J].云南冶金,2017,46(1):1-5.Xia Jianbo.The optimization on structure parameters of single-row funnel scraper on the bottom of the mine[J].Yunnan Metallurgy,2017,46(1):1-5.