基于有限体积法的天然气水合物温度场分布影响因素研究
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摘要
天然气水合物是21世纪最具潜力的清洁能源,对其进行注热开采被认为是最行之有效的开采方法。以某冻土区天然气水合物拟开采矿区为例,在水合物分解动力学模型的基础上,建立了基于有限体积法的天然气水合物分解热力学模型,并对天然气水合物温度场分布的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:在其他条件不变的情况下,随着注水速度的增加,天然气水合物的高温区域逐渐增大,且分解速度加快;随着孔隙度的逐渐增大,天然气水合物高温区域的变化趋势基本相同;随着注水温度的增加,天然气水合物高温区域的变化趋势也基本相同,但作用在天然气水合物表面的温度随着注水温度的增加而增加。对该矿区进行注热开采时,当注水速度为6 m/s、注水温度为80℃时,天然气水合物的分解速度最快,具有较好的经济效益,该结论可为注热开采实践提供理论依据。
Gas hydrate has became the most promising clean energy in the 21 st century, and note hot exploration is considered as the most effective mining method. Taking a permafrost gas hydrate mining area as an example, on the basis of hydrate dissociation kinetics model, this paper established gas hydrate decomposition thermodynamic model based on the finite volume method, and analyzed the influencing factors for temperature field distribution of gas hydrate. The results show that gas hydrate in a high temperature region is gradually increased and the rate of decomposition is accelerated with the gradual increase of water injection rate and unchanged other conditions. With the gradual increase of porosity and water temperature, high-temperature region is basically the same trends. However, the gas temperature will increase in the surface. Note hot exploration was carried out in this mining area, and the hydrate dissociation velocity is fastest with the water injection rate at 6 m/s and water temperature at 80 ℃, with better economic efficiency.This result can provide theoretical guidance for the heat mining practice.
Gas hydrate has became the most promising clean energy in the 21 st century, and note hot exploration is considered as the most effective mining method. Taking a permafrost gas hydrate mining area as an example, on the basis of hydrate dissociation kinetics model, this paper established gas hydrate decomposition thermodynamic model based on the finite volume method, and analyzed the influencing factors for temperature field distribution of gas hydrate. The results show that gas hydrate in a high temperature region is gradually increased and the rate of decomposition is accelerated with the gradual increase of water injection rate and unchanged other conditions. With the gradual increase of porosity and water temperature, high-temperature region is basically the same trends. However, the gas temperature will increase in the surface. Note hot exploration was carried out in this mining area, and the hydrate dissociation velocity is fastest with the water injection rate at 6 m/s and water temperature at 80 ℃, with better economic efficiency.This result can provide theoretical guidance for the heat mining practice.
引文
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[18]杜庆军,陈月明,李淑霞,等.天然气水合物注热开采数学模型[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,34(4):470-473.Du qing Jun,Chen Yueming,Li Shuxia,et al.Note hot exploration gas hydrate mathematical model[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,34(4):470-473.
[19]Masuda Y,Naganawa S,Ando S,et al.Numerical calculation of gasproduction performance from reservoirs containing natural gas hydrates[R].SPE 38291,1997.
[20]Van Genuchten M T.A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1980,44:892-898.
[2]侯力群,吴应湘,许晶俞,等.天然气水合物热激励法开采模型研究[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,23(2):44-47.Hou Liqun,Wu Yingxiang,Xu Jingyu,et al.Exploitation models of gas hydrate thermal excitation method research[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science,2002,23(2):44-47.
[3]Ahmadi G,Ji C,Smith D H.Numerical solution for natural gas production from methane hydrate dissociation[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2004,41:269-285.
[4]张玉祯,樊栓狮,冯自平,等.天然气水合物开采模拟研究进展[J].化工学报,2003,54(增刊1):121-124.Zhang Yuzhen,Fan Shuanshi,Feng Ziping,et al.Progress of exploitation simulation of natural gas hydrate[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering,2003,54(Suppl.1):121-124.
[5]胡立堂,张可霓,高童,等.南海神狐海域天然气水合物注热降压开采数值模拟研究[J].现代地质,2011,25(4):675-681.Hu Litang,Zhang Keni,Gao Tong,et al.Numerical studies of gas production from gas hydrate zone using heat injection and depressurization in Shenhu area,the South China Sea[J].Geoscience,2011,25(4):675-681.
[6]刘云,卢渊,伊向艺.天然气水合物预测模型及其影响因素[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):124-127.Liu Yun,Lu Yuan,Yi Xiangyi.Gas hydrate prediction model and its influencing factors[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2010,22(3):124-127.
[7]李淑霞,陈月明,杜庆军.天然气水合物开采方法及数值模拟研究评述[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(3):146-150.Li Shuxia,Chen Yueming,Du Dingjun.Gas hydrate production methods and numerical simulation Review[J].China University of Petroleum:Natural Science,2006,30(3):146-150.
[8]李淑霞,曹文,李杰,等.天然气水合物注热水开采热前缘移动规律实验研究[J].现代地质,2014,28(3):659-662.Li Shuxia,Cao Wen,Li Jie,et a1.Experimental study on thermal front movement of natural gas hydrate by injecting hot water[J].Geoscience,2014,28(3):659-662.
[9]唐瑞玲,孙忠军,张富贵.天然气水合物勘查技术及环境效应研究进展[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(4):20-25.Tang Ruiling,Sun Zhongjun,Zhang Fugui.Studies progress of natural gas hydrate exploration techniques and environmental effects[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(4):20-25.
[10]李桂琴,李刚,陈朝阳,等.多孔介质中甲烷水合物不同分解方法实验研究[J].化工进展,2013(6):1230-1235.Li Guiqin,Li Gang,Chen Chaoyan,et al.Experimental investigation on different methods of dissociation of methane hydrate in porous sediment[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2013(6):1230-1235.
[11]Sawer W K,Boyer C M,Frantz J H,et a1.Comparative assessment of natural gas hydrate production models[R].SPE 62513,2000.
[12]Ahamadi G,Ji C,Smith D H.Production of natural gas from methane hydrate by a constant downhole pressure well[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2007,48(12):2053-2068.
[13]Clarke M,Bishnoi P R.Measuring and modeling the rate of decomposition of gas hydrates formed from mixtures of methane and ethane[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2001,56(3):4715-4724.
[14]Makogon Y F.Hydrates of hydrocarbons[M].Tulsa:Penn Well Books,1997:246-280.
[15]Verigin N N,Khabibull N I,Kalikovg A.Linear problem of the dissociation:of the hydrates in porous medium[J].Fluid Dynamics,1980,15(1):174-177.
[16]Yousif M F,Sloane D.Experimental and theoretical investigation of methane-gas-hydrate dissociation in porous media[R].SPE 18320,1991.
[17]张卫东,刘永军,任韶然,等.天然气水合物注热开采能量分析[J].天然气工业,2008,28(5):77-79.Zhang Weidong,Liu Yongjun,Ren Shaoran,et al.Note hot exploration of gas hydrate energy analysis[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(5):77-79.
[18]杜庆军,陈月明,李淑霞,等.天然气水合物注热开采数学模型[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,34(4):470-473.Du qing Jun,Chen Yueming,Li Shuxia,et al.Note hot exploration gas hydrate mathematical model[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,34(4):470-473.
[19]Masuda Y,Naganawa S,Ando S,et al.Numerical calculation of gasproduction performance from reservoirs containing natural gas hydrates[R].SPE 38291,1997.
[20]Van Genuchten M T.A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1980,44:892-898.