考虑圆孔扩张理论的支盘桩荷载传递法
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摘要
为求解出支盘桩受压时扩径体处相关力学性状,并预测桩基沉降,结合圆孔扩张理论求解出扩径端力与位移关系,并对支盘桩应用荷载传递法。将支盘桩在竖向受压扩径体向下挤土位移的过程,看作土体中的圆孔扩张课题,在合理假定的基础上,分析受压时扩径体与相邻土体的相对位移,推导出扩径体水平内压力与竖向位移的关系,对扩径体下侧面进行力学分析,得出桩土接触作用面A′C段的变化规律及扩径端阻力与竖向位移的关系,并对其进行参数研究。在此基础上,选择桩侧荷载传递函数为双曲线型,桩端为线弹性,对支盘桩应用荷载传递法,得到桩顶沉降曲线及桩体内力。研究结果表明:以圆孔扩张理论推导出扩径端阻力与竖向位移关系的方法,充分考虑了扩径体的几何构造特点和挤土效应,扩径端阻力能充分体现对挤扩角的敏感性,更加符合工程实际;扩径体水平内压力在倒圆台形下侧面呈现非线性分布,随着初始孔径的增大而逐渐减小,随着竖向位移的增加,水平内压力分布的非线性愈加明显;水平内压力值随着竖向位移的增大而增大,随着挤扩角的增大而减小;考虑圆孔扩张理论的支盘桩荷载传递法能有效地求解支盘桩沉降及相关力学性状,且对于支盘桩而言,挤扩角引起的扩径端阻力变化比单纯的侧阻变化更能影响最终承载力。相关方法和结论可以为工程设计提供参考。
To obtain the mechanics behavior at an enlarged-part and predict the pile settlement when a squeezed and branch pile was vertical loaded,the relationship between the force and displacement at the enlarged-part was solved by using the cavity expansion theory,and the load transfer method was applied to the squeezed and branch pile. When a pile is vertically compressed,the enlarged-part will squeeze the soil and move downward,which can be regarded as a cavity expansion problem.Based on a rational assumption,the relationship between the enlarged-part horizontal internal pressure and the vertical displacement was deduced.From the mechanical analysis on the subsurface,a varying pattern of the pile-soil contact surface,A′C,and relationship between the enlarged-part resistance and vertical displacement were confirmed,and some influential parameters were also researched.Based on the above,by applying a hyperbolicmodel and linear elastic model in the pile shaft and pile tip,respectively,the load transfer method was applied to the squeezed and branch pile to obtain the pile-head settlement curve and pile inner force.The research result shows that by using the cavity expansion theory,the approach for obtaining the relationship between the enlarged-part resistance and vertical displacement completely considers the soil squeezing effect and geometric construction features of the enlargedpart.The enlarged-part resistance is more sensitive to the squeezed angle,which is in more accordance with engineering practices.The enlarged-part horizontal internal pressure has a nonlinear distribution on the reversed-truncated cone-shaped subsurface and decreases with the increase in the initial radius,and the nonlinearity becomes more obvious as the vertical displacement increases.The value of the enlarged-part horizontal internal pressure increases as the vertical displacement increases,but decreases with the increase in the squeezed angle.The load transfer method for squeezed and branch piles considering the cavity expansion theory can determine the settlement and mechanics behavior effectively.Regarding the squeezed and branch piles,the variation in the enlarged-part resistance caused by the squeezed angle has a stronger effect on the final bearing capacity than the simple side-resistance variation.The relevant method and conclusions can provide references for engineering.
To obtain the mechanics behavior at an enlarged-part and predict the pile settlement when a squeezed and branch pile was vertical loaded,the relationship between the force and displacement at the enlarged-part was solved by using the cavity expansion theory,and the load transfer method was applied to the squeezed and branch pile. When a pile is vertically compressed,the enlarged-part will squeeze the soil and move downward,which can be regarded as a cavity expansion problem.Based on a rational assumption,the relationship between the enlarged-part horizontal internal pressure and the vertical displacement was deduced.From the mechanical analysis on the subsurface,a varying pattern of the pile-soil contact surface,A′C,and relationship between the enlarged-part resistance and vertical displacement were confirmed,and some influential parameters were also researched.Based on the above,by applying a hyperbolicmodel and linear elastic model in the pile shaft and pile tip,respectively,the load transfer method was applied to the squeezed and branch pile to obtain the pile-head settlement curve and pile inner force.The research result shows that by using the cavity expansion theory,the approach for obtaining the relationship between the enlarged-part resistance and vertical displacement completely considers the soil squeezing effect and geometric construction features of the enlargedpart.The enlarged-part resistance is more sensitive to the squeezed angle,which is in more accordance with engineering practices.The enlarged-part horizontal internal pressure has a nonlinear distribution on the reversed-truncated cone-shaped subsurface and decreases with the increase in the initial radius,and the nonlinearity becomes more obvious as the vertical displacement increases.The value of the enlarged-part horizontal internal pressure increases as the vertical displacement increases,but decreases with the increase in the squeezed angle.The load transfer method for squeezed and branch piles considering the cavity expansion theory can determine the settlement and mechanics behavior effectively.Regarding the squeezed and branch piles,the variation in the enlarged-part resistance caused by the squeezed angle has a stronger effect on the final bearing capacity than the simple side-resistance variation.The relevant method and conclusions can provide references for engineering.
引文
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[2]高笑娟,刘丰军,李跃辉,等.挤扩支盘桩水平承载力计算和影响因素分析[J].工程力学,2009,26(7):97-104.GAO Xiao-juan,LIU Feng-jun,LI Yue-hui,et al.Calculation and Influence Factor Analysis on Lateral Bearing Capacity of Squeezed Branch and Plate Pile[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(7):97-104.
[3]卢成原,贾颖栋,周玲.重复荷载下模型支盘桩工程性状的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(2):431-436.LU Cheng-yuan,JIA Ying-dong,ZHOU Ling.Project Performance Study of Model Piles with Branches and Plates Under Repeated Load in Silty Clay[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(2):431-436.
[4]张延庆,苑辉,屈展,等.挤扩支盘桩抗拔性能试验研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(增1):82-85.ZHANG Yan-qing,YUAN Hui,QU Zhan,et al.Experimental Study on the Anti-pulling Behavior of the Squeezed Cast-in-place Pile[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(S1):82-85.
[5]孔令刚,姜丽红,陈仁鹏,等.倾斜上拔荷载下挤扩支盘桩响应分析[J].应用力学学报,2013,30(2):228-233.KONG Ling-gang,JIANG Li-hong,CHEN Renpeng,et al.Response of Squeezed Branch Piles Under Inclined Uplift Loads[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2013,30(2):228-233.
[6]巨玉文,梁仁旺,白晓红,等.挤扩支盘桩承载变形特性的试验研究及承载力计算[J].科学之友,2005,(9/10):131-133,137.JU Yu-wen,LIANG Ren-wang,BAI Xiao-hong,et al.Experimental Study of Bearing and Deformation Behavior of Squeezed Branch Pile and Its Bearing Capacity Calculation[J].Friend of Science Amateus,2005(9/10):131-133,137.
[7]巨玉文,梁仁旺,白晓红,等.挤扩支盘桩中支盘破坏形态的试验研究[J].工程力学,2013,30(5):188-194.JU Yu-wen,LIANG Ren-wang,BAI Xiao-hong,et al.Experimental Study on the Failure Pattern of Expanded Plates of the Squeezed Branch Pile[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(5):188-194.
[8]李连祥,李先军.不同扩径体数量、位置对支盘桩承载力的影响[J].山东大学学报:工学版,2016,46(5):88-94.LI Lian-xiang,LI Xian-jun.Influence of Squeezed Branch Pile Bearing Capacity on Different Numbers and Positions of Enlarged Parts[J].Journal of Shandong University:Engineering Science,2016,46(5):88-94.
[9]高笑娟,朱向荣.用双曲线法预测挤扩支盘桩的极限承载力[J].岩土力学,2006,27(9):1596-1600.GAO Xiao-juan,ZHU Xiang-rong.Forecasting Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Single Squeezed Branch Pile by Hyperbola Method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(9):1596-1600.
[10]蒋建平,高广运,顾宝和.扩径桩承载性状及其Q-s曲线的幂双组合数学模型描述[J].工程力学,2010,27(11):120-126.JIANG Jian-ping,GAO Guang-yun,GU Bao-he.Bearing Behaviors and Description of Q-s Curves of Piles with Expanded Diameter Based on Power-hyperbola Combined Model[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(11):120-126.
[11]施德泉,肖剑,杨春,等.浅议挤扩支盘桩的盘腔几何形状[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2013,40(增):309-311.SHI De-quan,XIAO Jian, YANG Chun,et al.Plate Geometry of the Squeezed Branch Pile[J].Exploration Engineering:Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling,2013,40(S):309-311.
[12]孙晓立,杨敏,莫海鸿.利用荷载传递法计算扩底抗拔桩的位移[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(12):1815-1820.SUN Xiao-li,YANG Min,MO Hai-hong.Displacement of Base-enlarged Tension Piles Calculated by Load Transfer Method[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(12):1815-1820.
[13] GIBSON R E,ANDERSON W F.In-situ Measurement of Soil Properties With the Pressure Meter[J].Civil Engineering Public Works Reviews,1961,56(658):615-618.
[14]周航,孔纲强,刘汉龙.饱和土体中椭圆孔扩张弹塑性解[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(5):983-988.ZHOU Hang,KONG Gang-qiang,LIU Han-long.Elasto-plastic Solution for Elliptical Cavity Expansion in Saturated Soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(5):983-988.
[15] MO Pin-qiang,MARSHALL A M,YU Hai-sui.Elastic-plastic Solutions for Expanding Cavities Embedded in Two Different Cohesive-frictional Materials[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2014,38:961-977.
[16]赵明华,占鑫杰,邹新军,等.饱和软粘土中沉桩后桩周土体固结分析[J].工程力学,2012,29(10):91-97,105.ZHAO Ming-hua,ZHAN Xin-jie,ZOU Xin-jun,et al.Consolidation Analysis Around a Driven Pile in Saturated Clay[J]. Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(10):91-97,105.
[17]宋勇军,胡伟,王德胜,等.基于修正剑桥模型的挤密桩挤土效应分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):811-814.SONG Yong-jun, HU Wei, WANG De-sheng,et al.Analysis of Squeezing Effect of Compaction Piles Based on Modified Cam-clay Model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):811-814.
[18]邹金峰,徐望国,罗强,等.饱和土中劈裂灌浆压力研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(7):1802-1806.ZOU Jin-feng,XU Wang-guo,LUO Qiang,et al.Study on Grouting Pressure of Fracture Grouting in Saturated Soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(7):1802-1806.
[19]刘裕华,陈征宙,彭志军,等.应用圆孔柱扩张理论对预制管桩的挤土效应分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(10):2167-2172.LIU Yu-hua,CHEN Zheng-zhou,PENG Zhi-jun,et al.Analysis of Pile Driving Effect of Precast Tubular Pile Using Cylindrical Cavity Expansion Theory[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(10):2167-2172.
[20]周航,孔纲强,刘汉龙.基于圆孔扩张理论的静压楔形桩沉桩挤土效应研究[J].中国公路学报,2014,27(4):24-30.ZHOU Hang,KONG Gang-qiang,LIU Han-long.Study on Pile Sinking Compaction Effect of Hydrostatic Wedge Pile Using Cavity Expansion Theory[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2014,27(4):24-30.
[21] MANANDHAR S,YASUFUKU N.Vertical Bearing Capacity of Tapered Piles in Sands Using Cavity Expansion Theory[J].Soils and Foundations,2013,53(6):853-867.
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