X射线望远镜超薄镜片装配结构的粘结强度探究
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摘要
基于超薄玻璃的嵌套式圆锥近似Wolter-Ⅰ型聚焦望远镜采用环氧树脂胶作为镜片装配的关键粘结材料,其微米级厚度的胶层粘结强度决定了望远镜的力学性能。文中研究了"超薄镜片-F131环氧树脂胶-石墨"组成的粘结结构在不同固化环境湿度、不同石墨表面粗糙度下的粘结强度。结果表明,粘结强度随着环氧树脂固化湿度的增加而减小,随着石墨表面粗糙度的增加而增加。进一步,通过比较石墨表面层剥离面积比,确定石墨表面层剥落是造成粘结结构失效的主要形式。最后,引入B基准值作为粘结强度评价指标,提高粘结性能评价的准确性和可靠性,为望远镜装配提供了参考。
Epoxy is a key bond material in the mirror assembly of nested conical approximation Wolter-Ⅰ type focusing telescope which is based on ultra-thin glass. The mechanical properties of the telescope is determined by the bonding strength of the adhesive layer with micron-scale thickness. The bonding strength of "ultra-thin glasses-F131 epoxy-graphite" bonding structure under different curing environments and surface roughness of graphite was studied. The results show that the bonding strength decreases with the increase of the curing humidity of epoxy and increases with the increase of the surface roughness of the graphite. The peel of the graphite was found to be the main type of failure in bonding structure by comparing the surface peeling area ratio of graphite. Finally, the B basis was introduced as an evaluation of bonding strength to improve the accuracy and reliability of the bonding properties for telescope assembly.
Epoxy is a key bond material in the mirror assembly of nested conical approximation Wolter-Ⅰ type focusing telescope which is based on ultra-thin glass. The mechanical properties of the telescope is determined by the bonding strength of the adhesive layer with micron-scale thickness. The bonding strength of "ultra-thin glasses-F131 epoxy-graphite" bonding structure under different curing environments and surface roughness of graphite was studied. The results show that the bonding strength decreases with the increase of the curing humidity of epoxy and increases with the increase of the surface roughness of the graphite. The peel of the graphite was found to be the main type of failure in bonding structure by comparing the surface peeling area ratio of graphite. Finally, the B basis was introduced as an evaluation of bonding strength to improve the accuracy and reliability of the bonding properties for telescope assembly.
引文
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[2]张双南.空间时代的天文学研究[J].中国科学院院刊,2014,29(5):590-602.
[3]Huang Chen,Wang Jianjun,Xue Li,et al.Next generation of astronomical telescope and survey mission(I)[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2016,45(2):0217006.(in Chinese)
[4]Wolter H.Generalized Schwarzschild system of mirrors with glancing reflection as optical system for X-ray[J].Annals of Physics,1952,10:286-295.
[5]Weisskopf M C,Tananbaum H D,Van Speybroeck L P,et al.Chandra X-ray observatory(CXO):Overview[C]//SPIE,2000,4012:2-17.
[6]Rajiva S.Chandra X-ray observatory(AXAF)-NASA′s most powerful X-ray space telescope[J].Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India,1999:227-231.
[7]Lumb D H,Jansen F A,Schartel N.X-ray Multi-mirror Mission(XMM-Newton)observatory[J].Optical Engineering,2012,51(1):011009.
[8]Citterio O,Conconi P,Ghigo M,et al.Results of X-ray measurements on electroformed mirror shells for the XMM project[C]//SPIE,1993,1742:256-264.
[9]Misaki K,Kunieda H,Maeda Y,et al.Ground-based X-ray calibration of the telescopes onboard Astro-E2satellite[C]//SPIE,2004,5168:294-306.
[10]Serlemitsos P J,Soong Y.Foil X-ray mirrors[J].Astrophysics and Space Science,1996,239(2):177-196.
[11]Koglin J E,Christensen F E,Craig W W,et al.NuSTAR hard X-ray optics[C]//SPIE,2005,5900:59000X.
[12]Craig W W,An H J,Blaedel K L,et al.Fabrication of the NuSTAR flight optics[C]//SPIE,2011,8147:81470H.
[13]Zhang S N,Feroci M,Santangelo A,et al.eXTP:Enhanced X-ray timing and polarization mission[C]//SPIE,2017,9905:99051Q.
[14]Ling Xin.China catches up in X-ray astronomy[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,31(2):74-79.(in Chinese)
[15]Shen Z X,Wang X Q,Wang K,et al.Development of X-ray multilayer telescope optics for XTP mission[C]//SPIE,2016,9905:990520.
[16]Xie Wenliang,Shen Zhengxiang,Yu Jun,et al.Support structure design and mechanical experiment analysis of X-ray focusing telescope[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2018,47(4):0418002.(in Chinese)
[17]Ma Guoyu.Research on statistical methods of allowed values for material mechanics design and software development[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2010.(in Chinese)
[18]Wang Hai,Shen Zhen.Composite Material Manual[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,2014.(in Chinese)