西天山敦德铁矿床磁铁矿原位LA_ICP_MS元素分析及意义
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摘要
敦德铁矿床是天山成矿带内新近发现并勘查的一处大型海相火山岩型铁矿床。该矿床的矿石可划分为浸染状、稠密浸染状、条带状和块状4种主要类型。其中的条带状矿石包括磁铁矿_矽卡岩条带和磁铁矿_方解石条带2种亚类型。块状矿石内出现围岩或矽卡岩角砾时则构成角砾状矿石,其磁铁矿的成因无甚差异。根据野外观察和矿相显微研究,认为磁铁矿形成于早期矽卡岩阶段后的退化蚀变阶段,之后又被更晚的硫化物阶段和绿泥石_碳酸盐阶段的矿物叠加。敦德磁铁矿内主要发生了Al、Mn、Mg和Zn的类质同象置换,此外,也含有Ti、Si、Ca等次要元素以及Na、K、V、Cr、Ni、Co等多种可检测到的微量元素。磁铁矿内元素含量在空间上显示出直观的差异,由深部到浅部,Mn、Zn含量升高,Si、Ca、Na、K、Pb、Ba、Sr、Sb、Cu等含量降低。在Ti O2_Al2O3_Mg O图解、Ti O2_Al2O3_(Mg O+Mn O)图解和Ca+Al+Mn_Ti+V图解上,敦德磁铁矿的分析数据均投影于热液交代(矽卡岩)成因区域。综上认为,该矿床的磁铁矿可能为热液充填交代成因。
The Dunde iron ore deposit is a newly found and explored marine volcanics_hosted iron deposit in the Tianshan metallogenic belt. Magnetite ore in Dunde can be divided mainly into four types, i. e., disseminated, banded,semi_massive and massive ores. The banded ore consists of two subtypes of magnetite_skarn bands and magnetite_calcite bands. There are a few breccia ores in which wall rock or skarn fragments appear in massive ore, but the magnetite has no genetic difference. Based on field observation and microscopic study, the authors infer that magnetite crystallized at the retrograde stage after the garnet_diopside skarn stage and was replaced by later minerals of sulfide and carbonate stage. There occurred solid solution substitution of Al, Mn, Mg and Zn for Fe within the Dunde magnetite. In addition, the magnetite contains minor elements of Ti, Si and Ca and detectable trace elements of Na, K, V, Cr, Ni, Co, Zr, Pb, Ca, Ba, Sn, Sr, Sb, Cu and Sc. Element values of magnetite show obvious spatial differences of increasing Mn and Zn and decreasing Si, Ca, Na, K, Pb, Ba, Sr, Sb and Cu from the depth upward. Analytical data of Dunde magnetite fall in the region of hydrothermal replacement( skarn) in TiO 2_Al2O3_Mg O diagram, TiO 2_Al2O3_( Mg O + Mn O) diagram and Ca + Al + Mn versus Ti + V diagram. It is concluded that the the Dunde magnetite might be of hydrothermal filling / metasomatic origin, as shown by the above evidence.
The Dunde iron ore deposit is a newly found and explored marine volcanics_hosted iron deposit in the Tianshan metallogenic belt. Magnetite ore in Dunde can be divided mainly into four types, i. e., disseminated, banded,semi_massive and massive ores. The banded ore consists of two subtypes of magnetite_skarn bands and magnetite_calcite bands. There are a few breccia ores in which wall rock or skarn fragments appear in massive ore, but the magnetite has no genetic difference. Based on field observation and microscopic study, the authors infer that magnetite crystallized at the retrograde stage after the garnet_diopside skarn stage and was replaced by later minerals of sulfide and carbonate stage. There occurred solid solution substitution of Al, Mn, Mg and Zn for Fe within the Dunde magnetite. In addition, the magnetite contains minor elements of Ti, Si and Ca and detectable trace elements of Na, K, V, Cr, Ni, Co, Zr, Pb, Ca, Ba, Sn, Sr, Sb, Cu and Sc. Element values of magnetite show obvious spatial differences of increasing Mn and Zn and decreasing Si, Ca, Na, K, Pb, Ba, Sr, Sb and Cu from the depth upward. Analytical data of Dunde magnetite fall in the region of hydrothermal replacement( skarn) in TiO 2_Al2O3_Mg O diagram, TiO 2_Al2O3_( Mg O + Mn O) diagram and Ca + Al + Mn versus Ti + V diagram. It is concluded that the the Dunde magnetite might be of hydrothermal filling / metasomatic origin, as shown by the above evidence.
引文
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段超,李延河,袁顺达,胡明月,赵令浩,陈小丹,张成,刘佳林.2012.宁芜矿集区凹山铁矿床磁铁矿元素地球化学特征及其对成矿作用的制约[J].岩石学报,28(1):243_257.
冯金星,石福品,汪帮耀,胡建明,王江涛.2010.西天山阿吾拉勒成矿带火山岩型铁矿[M].北京:地质出版社.10_150.
高俊,钱青,龙灵利,张喜,李继磊,苏文.2009.西天山的增生造山过程[J].地质通报,28(12):1804_1816.
洪为,张作衡,赵军,王志华,李凤鸣,石福品,刘兴忠.2012a.新疆西天山查岗诺尔铁矿床矿物学特征及其地质意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,31(2):191_211.
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胡浩,段壮,LUO Yan,李建威.2014.鄂东程潮铁矿床磁铁矿的微量元素组成及其矿床成因意义[J].岩石学报,30(5):1292_1306.
胡明月,何红蓼,詹秀春,樊兴涛,王广,贾泽荣.2008.基体归一定量技术在激光烧蚀_等离子体质谱法锆石原位多元素分析中的应用[J].分析化学,36(7):947_953.
蒋宗胜,张作衡,王志华,李凤鸣,田敬全.2012.新疆西天山智博铁矿床蚀变矿物学、矿物化学特征及矿床成因探讨[J].矿床地质,31(5):1051_1066.
梁祥济.2000.中国矽卡岩和矽卡岩矿床形成机理的实验研究[M].北京:学苑出版社.195_207.
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涂光炽,章振根,林学农.1978.与海相火山活动有关的铁矿——以甘、新二省区为例说明[A].见:中国科学院富铁矿科研论文集编辑组.富铁矿科研论文集[C].北京:科学技术文献出版社.1_12.
汪帮耀,胡秀军,王江涛,邵青红,凌锦兰,郭娜欣,赵彦锋,夏昭德,姜常义.2011.西天山查岗诺尔铁矿矿床地质特征及矿床成因研究[J].矿床地质,30(3):385_402.
王登红,李纯杰,陈郑辉,陈世平,肖克炎,李华芹,梁婷.2006.东天山成矿规律与找矿方向的初步研究[J].地质通报,25(8):910_915.
王登红,陈世平,王虹,孟贵祥,陈郑辉,王成辉,李纯杰.2007.成矿谱系研究及对东天山铁矿找矿问题的探讨[J].大地构造与成矿学,31(2):186_192.
新疆地质矿产勘查开发局第三地质大队.2010.新疆和静敦德铁锌矿区新发现矿产地申请报告[R].
新疆地质矿产勘查开发局第三地质大队.2011.新疆和静县敦德锌铁矿勘查报告[R].
新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局.1982.新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社.381_382.
徐国风,邵洁涟.1979.磁铁矿的标型特征及其实际意义[J].地质与勘探,3:30_37.
徐国风.1986.矿相学教程[M].武汉:武汉地质学院出版社.133_146.
薛春纪,姬金生,杨前进.2000.新疆磁海铁(钴)矿床次火山热液成矿学[J].矿床地质,19(2):156_164.
姚培慧,王可南,杜春林,林镇泰,宋雄.1993.中国铁矿志[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.1_29,372_384.
翟裕生,姚书振,蔡克勤.2011.矿床学[M].北京:地质出版社.54_81.
张江,张相周.1996.哈密雅满苏铁矿床地质地球化学特征[J].新疆地质,14(2):170_180.
张洪武,谢丽霞.2001.对雅满苏铁矿矿床成因的新认识[J].长春工程学院学报(自然科学版),2(4):26_29.
张作衡,洪为,蒋宗胜,段士刚,王志华,李凤鸣,石福品,赵军,郑仁乔.2012.新疆西天山晚古生代铁矿床的地质特征、矿化类型及形成环境[J].矿床地质,31(5):941_964.
赵一鸣.2004.中国铁矿资源现状、保证程度和对策[J].地质论评,(4):396_417.
中国矿床发现史·新疆卷编委会.1996.中国矿床发现史·新疆卷[M].北京:地质出版社.50_67.
中国矿床发现史·物探化探卷编委会.2002.中国矿床发现史·物探化探卷[M].北京:地质出版社.269_275.
Chen C M,Lu H F,Jia D,Cai D S and Wu S M.1999.Closing historyof the southern Tianshan oceanic basin,Western China:An obliquecollsional orogeny[J].Tectonophysics,302:23_40.
Dare S A S,Barnes S J,Beaudoin G and Meric J.2012.Are the“magnetite lava flows"of El Laco(Chile)magmatic?Comparison of traceelements in magnetite with other magmatic Fe_oxide deposits[A].Mineralogical Magazine,Goldschmidt 2012 Conference Abstracts[C].1620.
Duan S G,Zhang Z H,Jiang Z S,et al.2014.Geology,geochemistryand geochronology of the Dunde iron_zinc ore deposit in westernTianshan,China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,57:441_461.
Dupuis C and Beaudoin G.2011.Discriminant diagrams for iron oxidetrace element fingerprinting of mineral deposit types[J].Mineralium.Deposita,46:319_335.
Gao J,Long L L,Klemd R,Qian Q,Liu D Y,Xiong X M,Su W,LiuW,Wang Y T and Yang F Q.2009.Tectonic evolution of the SouthTianshan orogen and adjacent regions,NW China:Geochemical andage constraints of granitoid rocks[J].International Journal of EarthSciences,98:1221_1238.
Henríquez F and Nystrm J O.1998.Magnetite bombs at El Laco volcano,Chile[J],GFF,120(3):269_271.
Henríquez F,Naslund H R,Nystrm J O,Vivallo W,Aguirre R,DobbsF M and LledóH.2003.New field evidence bearing on the origin ofthe el laco magnetite deposit,northern chile:A discussion[J].Econ.Geol.,98:1497_1502.
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