基于国产高分卫星遥感数据的现代黄河三角洲入侵植物互花米草监测方法
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摘要
本文以国产高分一号和高分二号影像为数据源,辅以现场调查数据,发展了一种结合空间位置与决策树分类的互花米草信息提取方法。首先基于互花米草适宜生长于高潮带下部至中潮带下部区域的特点,利用高潮时获取的Landsat 5遥感图像缨帽变换的湿度分量,通过二值化处理和矢量后处理提取现代黄河三角洲互花米草生长的向陆边界,进而对高分图像的互花米草生长区域进行掩膜;基于掩膜后的高分图像,利用决策树分类方法对互花米草分布范围进行提取。通过对现代黄河三角洲互花米草信息提取实验,表明提出的分类方法能够较为精确地识别和提取互花米草信息,总体分类精度达到97.05%。通过对提取的互花米草分布情况的统计和分析,发现整个现代黄河三角洲地区的互花米草总面积约有3278.1100 hm~2,主要分布于黄河故道西侧、五号桩、孤东油田东南侧和黄河现行入海口两侧等四个区域,其中黄河现行入海口两侧是2002年之后出现的新生互花米草区域,互花米草面积最广,占现代黄河三角洲互花米草总面积的91.39%;其次为孤东油田东南侧及五号桩,自首次引种互花米草至今都有互花米草分布,所占比例分别为6.22%和1.59%;本文首次在黄河故道西侧发现互花米草,在此前的研究工作中均未报道,互花米草面积最小,约为26.1527 hm~2。
In this paper,the data source are GF-1 and GF-2 images covering the modern Yellow River delta,we developed a Spartina alterniflora information extraction method which combined the spatial position with decision tree classification. Firstly,based on the characteristics of Spartina alterniflora suitable for growing in the climax with the lower part to middle tidal with the lower region,using humidity component of tasseled cap transform of Landsat 5 remote sensing image acquired in climax,through binarization processing and vector post-processing to extract modern Yellow River delta Spartina alterniflora growth landward boundary,and then mask the Spartina alterniflora growth area of the GF images; Finally,using decision tree classification method to extract growth area of Spartina alterniflora. The experi-ment shows that the proposed method can more accurately identify and extract Spartina alterniflora information,the overall classification accuracy of 97. 05%. By statistics and analysis of the distribution of Spartina alterniflora,we found the whole modern Yellow River delta total area of Spartina alterniflora about 3278. 1100 hm~2,mainly distributed in the west of previous flow path of the Yellow River,Wuhaozhuang,the southeast side of Gudong oilfield and both sides of the Yellow River current estuary four regions,of which the Spartina alterniflora area of both sides of the current Yellow River estuary is widest,accounting for modern Yellow River delta Spartina alterniflora total area of 91. 39%; followed by Gudong oilfield southeast and Wuhaozhuang,the proportion is 6. 22% and 1. 59%; the area of Spartina alterniflora in the west of previous flow path of the Yellow River is smallest,approximately 26. 1527 hm~2.
In this paper,the data source are GF-1 and GF-2 images covering the modern Yellow River delta,we developed a Spartina alterniflora information extraction method which combined the spatial position with decision tree classification. Firstly,based on the characteristics of Spartina alterniflora suitable for growing in the climax with the lower part to middle tidal with the lower region,using humidity component of tasseled cap transform of Landsat 5 remote sensing image acquired in climax,through binarization processing and vector post-processing to extract modern Yellow River delta Spartina alterniflora growth landward boundary,and then mask the Spartina alterniflora growth area of the GF images; Finally,using decision tree classification method to extract growth area of Spartina alterniflora. The experi-ment shows that the proposed method can more accurately identify and extract Spartina alterniflora information,the overall classification accuracy of 97. 05%. By statistics and analysis of the distribution of Spartina alterniflora,we found the whole modern Yellow River delta total area of Spartina alterniflora about 3278. 1100 hm~2,mainly distributed in the west of previous flow path of the Yellow River,Wuhaozhuang,the southeast side of Gudong oilfield and both sides of the Yellow River current estuary four regions,of which the Spartina alterniflora area of both sides of the current Yellow River estuary is widest,accounting for modern Yellow River delta Spartina alterniflora total area of 91. 39%; followed by Gudong oilfield southeast and Wuhaozhuang,the proportion is 6. 22% and 1. 59%; the area of Spartina alterniflora in the west of previous flow path of the Yellow River is smallest,approximately 26. 1527 hm~2.
引文
[1]赵广琦,张利权,梁霞.芦苇与入侵植物互花米草的光合特性比较[J].生态学报,2005,25(7):1604-1611.
[2]中华人民共和国环境保护部.关于发布中国第一批外来入侵物种名单的通知[EB/OL].(2003-01-10).http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/zj/wj/200910/t20091022_172155.htm.
[3]张帆,刘长安,姜洋.滩涂盐沼湿地退化机制研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,25(8):99-101.
[4]杨光,张锡义,宋志文.黄河三角洲地区大米草入侵与防治对策[J].青岛建筑工程学院学报,2005,26(2):57-59.
[5]FOSS S.Spartina:threat to Washington’s saltwater habitat[R].Olympia:Washington State Department of Agriculture Bulletin,1992.
[6]CROSS-CUSTARD J D,CLARKE R T,DURELL S E A L V,et al.Population consequences of winter habitat loss in a migratory shorebird.Ⅱ.Model predictions[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,1995,32(2):337-351.
[7]DAEHLER CC,STRONG D R.Status,prediction and prevention of introduced cordgrass Spartina spp.invasions in pacific estuaries,USA[J].Biological Conservation,1996,78(1/2):51-58.
[8]GRAY A J,MARSHALL D F,RAYBOULD A F.A century of evolution in Spartina anglica[J].Advances in Ecological Research,1991,21:1-62.
[9]张东,陈小勇.应全面评估大米草在我国沿海地区扩展繁殖带来的利弊[J].上海建设科技,2005(1):35-37.
[10]田家怡,于祥,申保忠,等.黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草对滩涂鸟类的影响[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报,2008,18(3):87-90.
[11]刘永学,李满春,张忍顺.江苏沿海互花米草盐沼动态变化及影响因素研究[J].湿地科学,2004,2(2):116-121.
[12]李贺鹏,张利权,王东辉.上海地区外来种互花米草的分布现状[J].生物多样性,2006,14(2):114-120.
[13]刘海华,李玉宝.1993-2003年间温州沿海互花米草变迁[J].温州大学学报:自然科学版,2007,28(5):19-24.
[14]左平,刘长安,赵书河,等.米草属植物在中国海岸带的分布现状[J].海洋学报,2009,31(5):101-111.
[15]任广波,刘艳芬,马毅,等.现代黄河三角洲互花米草遥感监测与变迁分析[J].激光生物学报,2014,23(6):596-603,608.
[16]李加林.基于MODIS的沿海带状植被NDVI/EVI季节变化研究——以江苏沿海互花米草盐沼为例[J].海洋通报,2006,25(6):91-96.
[17]ARTIGAS F J,YANG J S.Hyperspectral remote sensing of marsh species and plant vigour gradient in the New Jersey Meadowlands[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2005,26(23):5209-5220.
[18]BUDD J T C.Remote sensing techniques for monitoring salt march vegetation in the Solent,Southern England[J].British Phycological Journal,1982,17(2):230.
[19]GROSS M E,HARDISKY M A,KLEMAS V,et al.Quantification of biomass of the marsh grass Spartina alterniflora Loisel using Landsat thematic mapper imagery[J].Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1987,53(11):1577-1583.
[20]孙飒梅.三都湾互花米草的遥感监测[J].台湾海峡,2005,24(2):223-227.
[21]沈芳,周云轩,张杰,等.九段沙湿地植被时空遥感监测与分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2006,37(6):498-504.
[22]黄华梅,张利权.上海九段沙互花米草种群动态遥感研究[J].植物生态学报,2007,31(1):75-82.
[23]潘卫华,陈家金,李丽纯,等.福建罗源湾互花米草的遥感动态监测[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(13):216-219.
[24]潘卫华,陈家金,张春桂,等.福建沿海水域互花米草蔓延的动态监测分析[J].中国农业气象,2011,32(S1):174-177.
[25]范海洋.黄河三角洲景观生态学特征及湿地保护和利用探讨[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2005.
[26]杨伟.现代黄河三角洲滨海湿地时空演变分析[D].上海:华东师范大学,2010.
[27]徐国万,卓荣宗.我国引种互花米草的初步研究[J].南京大学学报,1985,40(2):212-225.
[28]HOWES B L,DACEY J W H,GOEHRINGER D D.Factors controlling the growth form of Spartina alterniflora:feedbacks between above-ground production,sediment oxidation,nitrogen and salinity[J].Journal of Ecology,1986,74(3):881-898.
[29]于祥,田家怡,李建庆,等.黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草的分布面积与扩展速度[J].海洋环境科学,2009,28(6):684-686,709.
[2]中华人民共和国环境保护部.关于发布中国第一批外来入侵物种名单的通知[EB/OL].(2003-01-10).http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/zj/wj/200910/t20091022_172155.htm.
[3]张帆,刘长安,姜洋.滩涂盐沼湿地退化机制研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2008,25(8):99-101.
[4]杨光,张锡义,宋志文.黄河三角洲地区大米草入侵与防治对策[J].青岛建筑工程学院学报,2005,26(2):57-59.
[5]FOSS S.Spartina:threat to Washington’s saltwater habitat[R].Olympia:Washington State Department of Agriculture Bulletin,1992.
[6]CROSS-CUSTARD J D,CLARKE R T,DURELL S E A L V,et al.Population consequences of winter habitat loss in a migratory shorebird.Ⅱ.Model predictions[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,1995,32(2):337-351.
[7]DAEHLER CC,STRONG D R.Status,prediction and prevention of introduced cordgrass Spartina spp.invasions in pacific estuaries,USA[J].Biological Conservation,1996,78(1/2):51-58.
[8]GRAY A J,MARSHALL D F,RAYBOULD A F.A century of evolution in Spartina anglica[J].Advances in Ecological Research,1991,21:1-62.
[9]张东,陈小勇.应全面评估大米草在我国沿海地区扩展繁殖带来的利弊[J].上海建设科技,2005(1):35-37.
[10]田家怡,于祥,申保忠,等.黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草对滩涂鸟类的影响[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报,2008,18(3):87-90.
[11]刘永学,李满春,张忍顺.江苏沿海互花米草盐沼动态变化及影响因素研究[J].湿地科学,2004,2(2):116-121.
[12]李贺鹏,张利权,王东辉.上海地区外来种互花米草的分布现状[J].生物多样性,2006,14(2):114-120.
[13]刘海华,李玉宝.1993-2003年间温州沿海互花米草变迁[J].温州大学学报:自然科学版,2007,28(5):19-24.
[14]左平,刘长安,赵书河,等.米草属植物在中国海岸带的分布现状[J].海洋学报,2009,31(5):101-111.
[15]任广波,刘艳芬,马毅,等.现代黄河三角洲互花米草遥感监测与变迁分析[J].激光生物学报,2014,23(6):596-603,608.
[16]李加林.基于MODIS的沿海带状植被NDVI/EVI季节变化研究——以江苏沿海互花米草盐沼为例[J].海洋通报,2006,25(6):91-96.
[17]ARTIGAS F J,YANG J S.Hyperspectral remote sensing of marsh species and plant vigour gradient in the New Jersey Meadowlands[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2005,26(23):5209-5220.
[18]BUDD J T C.Remote sensing techniques for monitoring salt march vegetation in the Solent,Southern England[J].British Phycological Journal,1982,17(2):230.
[19]GROSS M E,HARDISKY M A,KLEMAS V,et al.Quantification of biomass of the marsh grass Spartina alterniflora Loisel using Landsat thematic mapper imagery[J].Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1987,53(11):1577-1583.
[20]孙飒梅.三都湾互花米草的遥感监测[J].台湾海峡,2005,24(2):223-227.
[21]沈芳,周云轩,张杰,等.九段沙湿地植被时空遥感监测与分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2006,37(6):498-504.
[22]黄华梅,张利权.上海九段沙互花米草种群动态遥感研究[J].植物生态学报,2007,31(1):75-82.
[23]潘卫华,陈家金,李丽纯,等.福建罗源湾互花米草的遥感动态监测[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(13):216-219.
[24]潘卫华,陈家金,张春桂,等.福建沿海水域互花米草蔓延的动态监测分析[J].中国农业气象,2011,32(S1):174-177.
[25]范海洋.黄河三角洲景观生态学特征及湿地保护和利用探讨[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2005.
[26]杨伟.现代黄河三角洲滨海湿地时空演变分析[D].上海:华东师范大学,2010.
[27]徐国万,卓荣宗.我国引种互花米草的初步研究[J].南京大学学报,1985,40(2):212-225.
[28]HOWES B L,DACEY J W H,GOEHRINGER D D.Factors controlling the growth form of Spartina alterniflora:feedbacks between above-ground production,sediment oxidation,nitrogen and salinity[J].Journal of Ecology,1986,74(3):881-898.
[29]于祥,田家怡,李建庆,等.黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草的分布面积与扩展速度[J].海洋环境科学,2009,28(6):684-686,709.