黏结层及真空退火对NiCr-30%Cr_3C_2金属-陶瓷喷涂层性能的影响
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摘要
采用两种黏结层(电镀Ni+HVOF NiCr黏结层和电镀Ni黏结层),通过超音速火焰喷涂技术制备NiCr-30%Cr_3C_2(质量分数)金属-陶瓷涂层,并对含电镀Ni黏结层的涂层在不同温度(800, 850, 900℃)下进行真空退火处理。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子拉伸试验机、销盘摩擦磨损仪(BOD)以及台阶仪研究了黏结层和退火处理对涂层的物相结构、结合强度和不同载荷下摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:采用Ni黏结层涂层的结合强度达64MPa,且退火后结合强度明显提升;20N载荷下,该涂层的耐磨性优于Ni-NiCr黏结层涂层,且退火后耐磨性明显提升;在5N载荷下,两种黏结层涂层的耐磨性相近,但退火后Ni黏结层涂层的耐磨性降低。
NiCr-30%Cr_3C_2(mass fraction) ceramic-metallic coatings were sprayed with two types of bond layer(electro-deposited Ni+HVOF NiCr bond layer and electro-deposited Ni bond layer) by HVOF. The coating with Ni bond layer was vacuum annealed at different temperatures(800, 850℃ and 900℃). Phase, microstructure and mechanical properties under different loads of coatings were characterized by X-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM), electron-tensile tester, ball-on-disk(BOD) and step profiler. The results show that the adhesion strength of the coat-ing with Ni bond layer reaches 64 MPa and is improved obviously after annealing. The wear resistance of the coating with Ni bond layer is superior to that with Ni-NiCr bond layer and improved signific-antly under 20 N loading, while the wear resistance of the two coatings is with no much difference and the wear resistance of the coating with Ni bond layer is decreased after annealing under 5 N loading.
NiCr-30%Cr_3C_2(mass fraction) ceramic-metallic coatings were sprayed with two types of bond layer(electro-deposited Ni+HVOF NiCr bond layer and electro-deposited Ni bond layer) by HVOF. The coating with Ni bond layer was vacuum annealed at different temperatures(800, 850℃ and 900℃). Phase, microstructure and mechanical properties under different loads of coatings were characterized by X-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM), electron-tensile tester, ball-on-disk(BOD) and step profiler. The results show that the adhesion strength of the coat-ing with Ni bond layer reaches 64 MPa and is improved obviously after annealing. The wear resistance of the coating with Ni bond layer is superior to that with Ni-NiCr bond layer and improved signific-antly under 20 N loading, while the wear resistance of the two coatings is with no much difference and the wear resistance of the coating with Ni bond layer is decreased after annealing under 5 N loading.
引文
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[2] 张宏杰,温茂远,侯振,等.连铸机结晶器铜板失效分析及改进措施[J].炼钢,2012,28(1):70-73.ZHANG H J,WEN M Y,HOU Z,et al.Analysis on failure of mold copper plate of continuous caster and counter measures [J].Steel Making,2012,28(1):70-73.
[3] TAO S,YIN Z,ZHOU X,et al.Sliding wear characteristics of plasma-sprayed Al2O3 and Cr2O3 coatings against copper alloy under severe conditions [J].Tribology International,2010,43 (1):69-75.
[4] 李辉,孙日超,杨海鑫,等.活塞环用Mo-(NiCr-Cr3C2)复合涂层的优化研究[J].材料工程,2013(12):37-43.LI H,SUN R C,YANG H X,et al.Optimization of Mo-(NiCr-Cr3C2) composite coating for piston ring application [J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2013(12):37-43.
[5] 温维新,刁承民.高拉速连铸机结晶器铜板裂纹原因分析及预防措施[J].连铸,2009(1):23-25.WEN W X,DIAO C M.Causes and countermeasures for mold copper plate cracking in high speed caster [J].Continuous Cas-ting,2009(1):23-25.
[6] DOLATABADI A,PERSHIN V,MOSTAGHIMI J.New attac-hment for controlling gas flow in the HVOF process [J].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2005,14(1):91-99.
[7] 黄传兵,杜令忠,张伟刚,等.三种热喷涂工艺制备NiCr/Cr3C2-BaF2·CaF2涂层的结构与性能[J].航空材料学报,2009,29(6):70-76.HUANG C B,DU L Z,ZHANG W G,et al.Microstructure and properties of NiCr/Cr3C2-BaF2·CaF2 coatings prepared with three kinds of thermal sprayed technologies [J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2009,29(6):70-76.
[8] 陈忠,张世宏,陈默含,等.超音速火焰喷涂结晶器铜板Ni60A 涂层真空退火研究[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(6):132-135.CHEN Z,ZHANG S H,CHEN M H,et al.Research on vacuum annealing of HVOF sprayed crystallizer copper Ni60A coating [J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(6):132-135.
[9] 纪朝辉,王志平,丁坤英,等.超音速火焰喷涂CoCrMoSi涂层的组织与性能[J].材料保护,2008,41(1):54-55.JI Z H,WANG Z P,DING K Y,et al.Microstructure and wear resistance of CoCrMoSi alloy coating by high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying on continuous cast mold [J].Materials Protection,2008,41(1):54-55.
[10] 陈健,刘雪飘,梁欢.结晶器铬锆铜板表面等离子喷涂镍铬-碳化铬涂层的研究[J].材料导报,2010(2):525-528.CHEN J,LIU X P,LIANG H.Investigation of plasma sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coating on CrZrCu mould plates [J].Materials Review,2010(2):525-528.
[11] 朱书成,王希彬,曹国超,等.结晶器铜板超音速喷涂方法:CN101302619A[P].2008-11-12.ZHU S C,WANG X B,CAO G C,et al.Supersonic spraying method for mold copper plate:CN101302619A[P].2008-11-12.
[12] ROY M,PAUSCHITZ A,BERNARDI J,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of HVOF sprayed nanocrystalline Cr3C2-25 (Ni20Cr) coating [J].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2006,15(3):372-381.
[13] 程国东,王引真,秦清彬,等.超音速火焰喷涂微米碳化物涂层的组织与性能[J].材料保护,2009,42(1):65-67.CHENG G D,WANG Y Z,QIN Q B,et al.Microstructure and resistance to corrosion by hydrochloric acid of carbide coatings prepared by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying[J].Journal of Mate-rials Protection,2009,42(1):65-67.
[14] KE P,CAI F,CHEN W L,et al.Influence of bond coat on HVOF-sprayed gradient cermet coating on copper alloy[J/OL].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2007.doi:10.1007/s11666-017-0566-1.
[15] LI H,KHOR K A,CHEANG P.Adhesive and bending failure of thermal sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings:effect of nanostruc-tures at interface and crack propagation phenomenon during ben-ding [J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2007,74(12):1894-1903.
[16] WANG Y Y,LI C J,OHMORI A.Examination of factors influencing the bond strength of high velocity oxy-fuel sprayed coatings [J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2006,200(9):2923-2928.
[17] STOKES J,LOONEY L.Coating fracture toughness determi-ned by Vickers indentation:an important parameter in cavitation erosion resistance of WC-Co thermally sprayed coatings[C]//Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Metallu-rgical Coatings and Thin Films,2004,177/178:18-23.
[18] RICHARD C S,BERANGER G,LU J,et al.The influences of heat treatments and inter-diffusion on the adhesion of plasma sprayed NiCrAlY coatings [J].Surface and Coatings Techno-logy,1996,82(1):99-109.
[19] STEWART D A,SHIPWAY P H,MCCARTNEY D G.Influ-ence of heat treatment on the abrasive wear behavior of HVOF sprayed WC-Co coatings [J].Surface and Coatings Technology,1998,105(1):13-24.
[20] CARRASQUERO E J,LESAGE J,PUCHI-CABRERA E S,et al.Fretting wear of HVOF Ni-Cr based alloy deposited on SAE 1045 steel [J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2008,202(18):4544-4551.