多工况条件下变叶片数潮流能水轮机能量及流动特性研究
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摘要
文章建立了潮流能水轮机水动力性能数值计算模型,通过实验验证了利用该模型预测水轮机尾流的准确性,并利用该模型研究了潮流能水轮机在不同叶片数和不同叶尖速比条件下的能量和流动特性。研究结果表明:该数值计算模型在预测尾流速度亏损和湍流强度方面具有较好的精度,尤其在远尾流区,数值计算结果与实验结果保持一致;当叶尖速比(TSR)为4.5左右时,3叶片和4叶片的潮流能水轮机具有相对较高的获能系数,此结果对于水平轴潮流能水轮机的设计具有一定的指导意义。
In this paper,a numerical model for calculating the hydraulic performance of a tidal stream turbine was established and the accuracy of the model for predicting the wake of the turbine was verified by experiments.The model was used to study the blade performance and flow characteristics of the turbine under different blade numbers and different rotational speeds.The results showed that the numerical model established in this paper had a good accuracy in predicting wake velocity deficit and turbulence intensity.Especially in the far wake region,the CFD results were consistent with the experimental results,which showed that the turbine with three or four blades had the highest power efficiency near tip speed ratio TSR of 4.5.This result has the significance to guide the design of tidal stream turbine.
In this paper,a numerical model for calculating the hydraulic performance of a tidal stream turbine was established and the accuracy of the model for predicting the wake of the turbine was verified by experiments.The model was used to study the blade performance and flow characteristics of the turbine under different blade numbers and different rotational speeds.The results showed that the numerical model established in this paper had a good accuracy in predicting wake velocity deficit and turbulence intensity.Especially in the far wake region,the CFD results were consistent with the experimental results,which showed that the turbine with three or four blades had the highest power efficiency near tip speed ratio TSR of 4.5.This result has the significance to guide the design of tidal stream turbine.
引文
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[5]Maganga F,Pinon G,Germain G,et al.Wake properties characterisation of marine current turbines[A].3rd International Conference on Ocean Energy[C].Bilbao:ICOE Publishing,2010.
[6]Zhang Y,Zhang J,Zheng Y,et al.Experimental analysis and evaluation of the numerical prediction of wake characteristics of tidal stream turbine[J].Energies,2017,10(12):2057-2068.
[7]刘宏伟,李伟,林勇刚,等.海流发电装置轴向力分析及液压平衡装置设计[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(12):70-75.
[8]王俭超,王树杰,李伟,等.水平轴海流能水轮机叶片的设计和实验研究[A].中国可再生能源学会海洋能专业学术委员会学术讨论会[C].温岭:中国可再生能源学会,2010.
[9]张亮,罗庆杰,韩荣贵.垂直轴潮流能水轮机叶片偏角优化[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2011(S1):281-285.
[10]Nakagawa H.Turbulence in Open-channel Flows[M].London:Routledge,2017.
[11]Stallard T,Feng T,Stansby P K.Experimental study of the mean wake of a tidal stream rotor in a shallow tur bulent flow[J].Journal of Fluids&Structures,2015,54:235-246.
[12]黎江,王树杰,司先才,等.线性波作用下水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力性能的数值模拟[J].可再生能源,2017,35(11):1732-1738.
[13]林奇峰,周大庆,赵文龙.叶片材料及根部结构对潮流能水轮机性能的影响[J].可再生能源,2017,35(4):627-632.
[2]Bahaj A S,Molland A F,Chaplin J R,et al.Power and thrust measurements of marine current turbines under various hydrodynamic flow conditions in a cavitation tunnel and a towing tank[J].Renewable Energy,2007,32(3):407-426.
[3]Fleming M I S,Willden R.Tidal turbine performance in sheared flow[A].10th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference[C].Aalborg:EWTEC Publishing,2013.
[4]Masonjones,Allan.Performance assessment of a Horizontal Axis Tidal Turbine in a high velocity shear environment[D].Cardiff:Cardiff University,2010.
[5]Maganga F,Pinon G,Germain G,et al.Wake properties characterisation of marine current turbines[A].3rd International Conference on Ocean Energy[C].Bilbao:ICOE Publishing,2010.
[6]Zhang Y,Zhang J,Zheng Y,et al.Experimental analysis and evaluation of the numerical prediction of wake characteristics of tidal stream turbine[J].Energies,2017,10(12):2057-2068.
[7]刘宏伟,李伟,林勇刚,等.海流发电装置轴向力分析及液压平衡装置设计[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(12):70-75.
[8]王俭超,王树杰,李伟,等.水平轴海流能水轮机叶片的设计和实验研究[A].中国可再生能源学会海洋能专业学术委员会学术讨论会[C].温岭:中国可再生能源学会,2010.
[9]张亮,罗庆杰,韩荣贵.垂直轴潮流能水轮机叶片偏角优化[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2011(S1):281-285.
[10]Nakagawa H.Turbulence in Open-channel Flows[M].London:Routledge,2017.
[11]Stallard T,Feng T,Stansby P K.Experimental study of the mean wake of a tidal stream rotor in a shallow tur bulent flow[J].Journal of Fluids&Structures,2015,54:235-246.
[12]黎江,王树杰,司先才,等.线性波作用下水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力性能的数值模拟[J].可再生能源,2017,35(11):1732-1738.
[13]林奇峰,周大庆,赵文龙.叶片材料及根部结构对潮流能水轮机性能的影响[J].可再生能源,2017,35(4):627-632.