600MW等级超临界汽轮机通流改造综述
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摘要
随着我国能源结构改革的深入和节能减排要求的提高,近年来600 MW等级超临界汽轮机通流改造技术发展迅速。本文介绍了国内、外超临界汽轮机组的改造发展历程,对比了主要厂家通流改造方案的技术特点,从经济性、可靠性两方面对已经完成的600 MW等级超临界汽轮机通流改造项目的效果进行了比较,并与国外超临界汽轮机进行了对标,在此基础上对通流改造下一步工作提出了建议。结果表明:600 MW等级超临界汽轮机通流改造技术成熟,改造后汽轮机组的经济性得到显著提高;与国外同类型机组相比,国内汽轮机组经济性已接近或达到国际先进水平。
With the deepening of Chinese energy structure reform and increasing of energy-saving and emission reduction requirements, the 600 MW class supercritical steam turbine retrofit technology is developing rapidly in recent years. This paper introduces the process of flow path retrofit of supercritical steam turbine domestic and abroad, compares the technology features of flow path retrofit schemes in main manufacturers, discusses the economical and reliability effect of the completed 600 MW class supercritical steam turbine retrofit project, and benchmarks the performance with foreign supercritical steam turbines. On this basis, it puts forward some suggestions for the next step for retrofit practices. The results show that, the 600 MW class supercritical steam turbine retrofit technology is mature and the economic efficiency of the unit is significantly improved after transformation. Compared with the same type units abroad, the economical efficiency of the domestic steam turbines have been close to or reached the international advanced level. This study provides a reference for flow path retrofit of the same type steam turbines implemented by power generation enterprises.
With the deepening of Chinese energy structure reform and increasing of energy-saving and emission reduction requirements, the 600 MW class supercritical steam turbine retrofit technology is developing rapidly in recent years. This paper introduces the process of flow path retrofit of supercritical steam turbine domestic and abroad, compares the technology features of flow path retrofit schemes in main manufacturers, discusses the economical and reliability effect of the completed 600 MW class supercritical steam turbine retrofit project, and benchmarks the performance with foreign supercritical steam turbines. On this basis, it puts forward some suggestions for the next step for retrofit practices. The results show that, the 600 MW class supercritical steam turbine retrofit technology is mature and the economic efficiency of the unit is significantly improved after transformation. Compared with the same type units abroad, the economical efficiency of the domestic steam turbines have been close to or reached the international advanced level. This study provides a reference for flow path retrofit of the same type steam turbines implemented by power generation enterprises.
引文
[1]国家发展改革委,环境保护部,国家能源局.煤电节能减排升级与改造行动计划(2014-2020年)[R].北京:国家发展改革委,2014:1-3.National Development and Reform Commission,Ministry of Environmental Protection.Ministry of Energy.Plan of the action for upgrading the energy saving and emissions reduction measures taken in coal-fired power generation plants and relevant reconstruction[R].Beijing:National Development and Reform Commission,2014:1-3..
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[3]LEYZEROVICH A S.Steam turbines for modern fossil-fuel power plants[M].United States:The Fairmont Press,2007:31-35.
[4]PROBASCO D,RUHLMAN B.Coal-fired generation cost and performance trends[J].Power,2011,155(5):66-69.
[5]TERMUEHLEN H.100 years of power plant development:focus on steam and gas turbines as prime movers[M].ASME Press,2001:45-52.
[6]FUKUDA Y.Development of advanced ultra supercritical fossil power plants in japan:materials and high temperature corrosion properties[J].Materials Science Forum,2011,696:236-241.
[7]TUMANOVSKII A G,SHVARTS A L,SOMOVA E V,et al.Review of the coal-fired,over-supercritical and ultra-supercritical steam power plants[J].Thermal Engineering,2017,64(2):83-96.
[8]TUMANOVSKII A G,ALTUKHOV M Y,SHVARTS AL,et al.Development of a 660 MW coal-dust generator unit with supercritical steam parameters[J].Power Technology&Engineering,2010,44(2):127-136.
[9]VISWANATHAN R,GANDY D,COLEMAN K.Advances in materials technology for fossil power plants[M].United States:ASM International,2005:21-25.
[10]SCHIMMOLLER B K.Supercritical technology looks to trump subcritical designs for new coal capacity[J].Power Engineering,2001,105(2):34-37.
[11]LUBY P.Supercritical systems[J].Modern Power Systems,2003,23(8):27-32.
[12]VISWANATHAN R,ARMOR A F,BOORAS G.Acritical look at supercritical power plants[J].Power,2004,148(3):42-49.
[13]BUGGE J,KJAR S,BLUM R.High-efficiency coal-fired power plants development and perspectives[J].Energy,2006,31(10):1437-1445.
[14]HOFFSTADT U.Boxberg achieves world record for effi-ciency[J].Modern Power Systems,2015,21(10):21-23.
[15]谭锐,徐星,邵峰,等.300 MW等级亚临界汽轮机通流改造综述[J].汽轮机技术,2017,9(4):291-294.TAN Rui,XU Xing,SHAO Feng,et al.Review of the flow path retrofit of 300 MW class subcritical steam turbine[J].Turbine Technology,2017,9(4):291-294.
[16]赵杰,朱立彤,付昶,等.300 MW等级汽轮机通流部分改造综述[J].热力透平,2011,40(1):39-42.ZHAO Jie,ZHU Litong,FU Chang,et al.Review of flow path retrofit of 300 MW class steam turbines[J].Thermal Turbine,2011,40(1):39-42.
[17]裴东升,刘晓宏,王伟锋,等.GE公司350 MW汽轮机通流改造及优化研究[J].汽轮机技术,2015(5):396-398.PEI Dongsheng,LIU Xiaohong,WANG Weifeng,et al.Study on optimization of retrofit of GE manufactured350 MW steam turbine[J].Turbine Technology,2015(5):396-398.
[18]刘晓宏,裴东升,王理博,等.汽轮机通流改造效果分析、存在问题研究及对策[J].中国电力,2016,49(4):112-117.LIU Xiaohong,PEI Dongsheng,WANG Libo,et al.Analysis and research on steam turbine flow remoulding for energy conservation and countermeasures[J].Electric Power,2016,49(4):112-117.
[19]吴涛.湖北能源集团鄂州发电有限公司600 MW超临界汽轮机通流改造可行性研究报告[R].西安:西安热工研究院有限公司,2015:13-14.WU Tao.Feasibility study report for 600 MW supercritical steam turbines in Hubei energy group Ezhou Power generation Co.,Ltd.[R].Xi’an:Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,2015:13-14.
[20]朱中杰,闫森,周惠莲.超临界600 MW等级汽轮机整体通流改造结构特点[J].热力透平,2015,44(2):83-85.ZHU Zhongjie,YAN Sen,ZHOU Huilian.Structural characteristics on flow path optimization for supercritical600 MW turbine[J].Thermal Turbine,2015,44(2):83-85.
[21]郝庆丰,华陆平,丁国庆,等.600 MW超临界汽轮机组的增容提效改造[J].电力安全技术,2017,19(9):50-52.HAO Qingfeng,HUA Luping,DING Guoqing,et al.600 MW supercritical steam turbines capacity increase and efficiency improve retrofit[J].Electric Safety Technology,2017,19(9):50-52.
[22]张磊,张俊杰,冯立国,等.亚临界600 MW汽轮机通流改造技术方案研究与应用[J].中国电力,2018,51(4):89-95.ZHANG Lei,ZHANG Junjie,FENG Liguo,et al.Research and application of flow path retrofit upgrade of the subcritical 600 MW turbine[J].Electric Power,2018,51(4):89-95.
[23]张余波.上都电厂600 MW汽轮机通流部分改造方案及性能分析[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017:9-15.ZHANG Yubo.The flow path reformation project and performance analysis based on 600 MW steam turbines in Shangdu Power Plant[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2017:9-15.
[24]袁洪利.超临界600 MW等级汽轮机升参数通流改造技术[C]//2016清洁高效燃煤发电技术交流研讨会论文集.合肥:中国节能协会热电产业联盟,2016:57-66.YUAN Hongli.Flow path retrofit technology of supercritical 600 MW class steam turbine[C]//2016Symposium on Clean and Efficient Coal-fired Power Generation technology.Hefei:China Energy Conservation Associa-tion Thermoelectricity Industry Alliance,2016:57-66.
[25]付昶,王伟锋,朱立彤.汽轮机通流能力分析及试验研究[J].热力发电,2013,42(1):48-51.FU Chang,WANG Weifeng,ZHU Litong.Experimental study on flow capacity of steam turbine[J].Thermal Power Generation,2013,42(1):48-51.
[26]王飞,朱新平.600 MW超临界汽轮机通流改造及效果探究[J].机电信息,2015(3):68-69.WANG Fei,ZHU Xinping.Flow path retrofit and effect research of 600 MW supercritical steam turbines[J].Mechanical and Electrical Information,2015(3):68-69.
[27]赵伟光,刘少杰,王久崇,等.大型汽轮机通流部分改造效果综述及新技术应用[J].东北电力技术,2014(2):37-41.ZHAO Weiguang,LIU Shaojie,WANG Jiuchong,et al.Effectiveness comment on renovating flow passage of large steam turbine and new technique application[J].Northeast Electric Power Technology,2014(2):37-41.
[28]徐书德,卢泓樾.国产600 MW超临界燃煤机组扩容改造及经济效益分析[J].浙江电力,2015(2):33-35.XU Shude,LU Hongyue.Capacity expansion of domestic 600 MW supercritical coal-fired units and analysis of economic benefits[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2015(2):33-35.
[29]张继红.平顶山姚孟发电有限公司5号汽轮机改造后性能考核试验报告[R].西安:西安热工研究院有限公司,2017:16-17.ZHANG Jihong.Performance test report for No.5 steam turbine retrofit in Pingdingshan Yaomeng Power Generation Co.,Ltd.[R].Xi’an:Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,2017:16-17.
[30]张朋飞.淮沪煤电有限公司田集发电厂1号汽轮机通流改造后性能考核试验报告[R].西安:西安热工研究院有限公司,2016:12-15.ZHANG Pengfei.Performance test report for No.1 steam turbine retrofit in Huaihu Tianji Power Generation Co.,Ltd.[R].Xi’an:Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,2016:12-15.
[31]SUBRAMANYAM PAVULURI D A S K.Experimental investigation on design of high pressure steam turbine blade[J].International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering Technology,2013,2(5):1469-1472.
[32]LEE J J,KANG S Y,KIM T S,et al.Thermo-economic analysis on the impact of improving inter-stage packing seals in a 500 MW class supercritical steam turbine power plant[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,121:974-983.
[33]ROGALEV N,GOLODNITSKIY A,TUMANOVSKIYA,et al.A survey of state-of-the-art development of coal-fired steam turbine power plant based on advanced ultra supercritical steam technology[J].Contemporary Engineering Sciences,2014,7(33):1807-1825.
[34]国家能源局,中国电力企业联合会.2017年全国电力可靠性年度报告[R].北京:国家能源局,2018:1.Ministry of Energy,China Electricity Council.Report on national power reliability in 2017[R].Beijing:Ministry of Energy,2018:1.
[35]North America Electric Reliability Corporation.2017generating unit statistical report[R].USA:North America Electric Reliability Corporation,2018:1-2.
[36]SPEICHER M,HUEGGENBERG D,KLENK A,et al.Materials for advanced ultra-supercritical fossil-fuel power plants:materials properties,microstructure,and component behavior[J].Energy Technology,2016,4(1):187-192.
[37]EYGELAAR J,L?TTER D P,VAN VUUREN J H.Generator maintenance scheduling based on the risk of power generating unit failure[J].International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems,2018,95:83-95.
[38]CIARAPICA F E,GIACCHETTA G.Managing the condition-based maintenance of a combined-cycle power plant:an approach using soft computing techniques[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2006,19:316-325.
[39]李建锋,周宏,吕俊复.中国1 000 MW等级火力发电机组可靠性分析[J].中国电力,2017,50(11):1-7.LI Jianfeng,ZHOU Hong,LüJunfu.Reliability analysis of 1 000 MW thermal power generating units in China[J].Electric Power,2017,50(11):1-7.
[2]西安热工研究院.超临界、超超临界燃煤发电技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2008:2-10.Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute.Supercritical,ultra-supercritical coal-fired power generation technology[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2008:2-10.
[3]LEYZEROVICH A S.Steam turbines for modern fossil-fuel power plants[M].United States:The Fairmont Press,2007:31-35.
[4]PROBASCO D,RUHLMAN B.Coal-fired generation cost and performance trends[J].Power,2011,155(5):66-69.
[5]TERMUEHLEN H.100 years of power plant development:focus on steam and gas turbines as prime movers[M].ASME Press,2001:45-52.
[6]FUKUDA Y.Development of advanced ultra supercritical fossil power plants in japan:materials and high temperature corrosion properties[J].Materials Science Forum,2011,696:236-241.
[7]TUMANOVSKII A G,SHVARTS A L,SOMOVA E V,et al.Review of the coal-fired,over-supercritical and ultra-supercritical steam power plants[J].Thermal Engineering,2017,64(2):83-96.
[8]TUMANOVSKII A G,ALTUKHOV M Y,SHVARTS AL,et al.Development of a 660 MW coal-dust generator unit with supercritical steam parameters[J].Power Technology&Engineering,2010,44(2):127-136.
[9]VISWANATHAN R,GANDY D,COLEMAN K.Advances in materials technology for fossil power plants[M].United States:ASM International,2005:21-25.
[10]SCHIMMOLLER B K.Supercritical technology looks to trump subcritical designs for new coal capacity[J].Power Engineering,2001,105(2):34-37.
[11]LUBY P.Supercritical systems[J].Modern Power Systems,2003,23(8):27-32.
[12]VISWANATHAN R,ARMOR A F,BOORAS G.Acritical look at supercritical power plants[J].Power,2004,148(3):42-49.
[13]BUGGE J,KJAR S,BLUM R.High-efficiency coal-fired power plants development and perspectives[J].Energy,2006,31(10):1437-1445.
[14]HOFFSTADT U.Boxberg achieves world record for effi-ciency[J].Modern Power Systems,2015,21(10):21-23.
[15]谭锐,徐星,邵峰,等.300 MW等级亚临界汽轮机通流改造综述[J].汽轮机技术,2017,9(4):291-294.TAN Rui,XU Xing,SHAO Feng,et al.Review of the flow path retrofit of 300 MW class subcritical steam turbine[J].Turbine Technology,2017,9(4):291-294.
[16]赵杰,朱立彤,付昶,等.300 MW等级汽轮机通流部分改造综述[J].热力透平,2011,40(1):39-42.ZHAO Jie,ZHU Litong,FU Chang,et al.Review of flow path retrofit of 300 MW class steam turbines[J].Thermal Turbine,2011,40(1):39-42.
[17]裴东升,刘晓宏,王伟锋,等.GE公司350 MW汽轮机通流改造及优化研究[J].汽轮机技术,2015(5):396-398.PEI Dongsheng,LIU Xiaohong,WANG Weifeng,et al.Study on optimization of retrofit of GE manufactured350 MW steam turbine[J].Turbine Technology,2015(5):396-398.
[18]刘晓宏,裴东升,王理博,等.汽轮机通流改造效果分析、存在问题研究及对策[J].中国电力,2016,49(4):112-117.LIU Xiaohong,PEI Dongsheng,WANG Libo,et al.Analysis and research on steam turbine flow remoulding for energy conservation and countermeasures[J].Electric Power,2016,49(4):112-117.
[19]吴涛.湖北能源集团鄂州发电有限公司600 MW超临界汽轮机通流改造可行性研究报告[R].西安:西安热工研究院有限公司,2015:13-14.WU Tao.Feasibility study report for 600 MW supercritical steam turbines in Hubei energy group Ezhou Power generation Co.,Ltd.[R].Xi’an:Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,2015:13-14.
[20]朱中杰,闫森,周惠莲.超临界600 MW等级汽轮机整体通流改造结构特点[J].热力透平,2015,44(2):83-85.ZHU Zhongjie,YAN Sen,ZHOU Huilian.Structural characteristics on flow path optimization for supercritical600 MW turbine[J].Thermal Turbine,2015,44(2):83-85.
[21]郝庆丰,华陆平,丁国庆,等.600 MW超临界汽轮机组的增容提效改造[J].电力安全技术,2017,19(9):50-52.HAO Qingfeng,HUA Luping,DING Guoqing,et al.600 MW supercritical steam turbines capacity increase and efficiency improve retrofit[J].Electric Safety Technology,2017,19(9):50-52.
[22]张磊,张俊杰,冯立国,等.亚临界600 MW汽轮机通流改造技术方案研究与应用[J].中国电力,2018,51(4):89-95.ZHANG Lei,ZHANG Junjie,FENG Liguo,et al.Research and application of flow path retrofit upgrade of the subcritical 600 MW turbine[J].Electric Power,2018,51(4):89-95.
[23]张余波.上都电厂600 MW汽轮机通流部分改造方案及性能分析[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017:9-15.ZHANG Yubo.The flow path reformation project and performance analysis based on 600 MW steam turbines in Shangdu Power Plant[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2017:9-15.
[24]袁洪利.超临界600 MW等级汽轮机升参数通流改造技术[C]//2016清洁高效燃煤发电技术交流研讨会论文集.合肥:中国节能协会热电产业联盟,2016:57-66.YUAN Hongli.Flow path retrofit technology of supercritical 600 MW class steam turbine[C]//2016Symposium on Clean and Efficient Coal-fired Power Generation technology.Hefei:China Energy Conservation Associa-tion Thermoelectricity Industry Alliance,2016:57-66.
[25]付昶,王伟锋,朱立彤.汽轮机通流能力分析及试验研究[J].热力发电,2013,42(1):48-51.FU Chang,WANG Weifeng,ZHU Litong.Experimental study on flow capacity of steam turbine[J].Thermal Power Generation,2013,42(1):48-51.
[26]王飞,朱新平.600 MW超临界汽轮机通流改造及效果探究[J].机电信息,2015(3):68-69.WANG Fei,ZHU Xinping.Flow path retrofit and effect research of 600 MW supercritical steam turbines[J].Mechanical and Electrical Information,2015(3):68-69.
[27]赵伟光,刘少杰,王久崇,等.大型汽轮机通流部分改造效果综述及新技术应用[J].东北电力技术,2014(2):37-41.ZHAO Weiguang,LIU Shaojie,WANG Jiuchong,et al.Effectiveness comment on renovating flow passage of large steam turbine and new technique application[J].Northeast Electric Power Technology,2014(2):37-41.
[28]徐书德,卢泓樾.国产600 MW超临界燃煤机组扩容改造及经济效益分析[J].浙江电力,2015(2):33-35.XU Shude,LU Hongyue.Capacity expansion of domestic 600 MW supercritical coal-fired units and analysis of economic benefits[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2015(2):33-35.
[29]张继红.平顶山姚孟发电有限公司5号汽轮机改造后性能考核试验报告[R].西安:西安热工研究院有限公司,2017:16-17.ZHANG Jihong.Performance test report for No.5 steam turbine retrofit in Pingdingshan Yaomeng Power Generation Co.,Ltd.[R].Xi’an:Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,2017:16-17.
[30]张朋飞.淮沪煤电有限公司田集发电厂1号汽轮机通流改造后性能考核试验报告[R].西安:西安热工研究院有限公司,2016:12-15.ZHANG Pengfei.Performance test report for No.1 steam turbine retrofit in Huaihu Tianji Power Generation Co.,Ltd.[R].Xi’an:Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,2016:12-15.
[31]SUBRAMANYAM PAVULURI D A S K.Experimental investigation on design of high pressure steam turbine blade[J].International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering Technology,2013,2(5):1469-1472.
[32]LEE J J,KANG S Y,KIM T S,et al.Thermo-economic analysis on the impact of improving inter-stage packing seals in a 500 MW class supercritical steam turbine power plant[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,121:974-983.
[33]ROGALEV N,GOLODNITSKIY A,TUMANOVSKIYA,et al.A survey of state-of-the-art development of coal-fired steam turbine power plant based on advanced ultra supercritical steam technology[J].Contemporary Engineering Sciences,2014,7(33):1807-1825.
[34]国家能源局,中国电力企业联合会.2017年全国电力可靠性年度报告[R].北京:国家能源局,2018:1.Ministry of Energy,China Electricity Council.Report on national power reliability in 2017[R].Beijing:Ministry of Energy,2018:1.
[35]North America Electric Reliability Corporation.2017generating unit statistical report[R].USA:North America Electric Reliability Corporation,2018:1-2.
[36]SPEICHER M,HUEGGENBERG D,KLENK A,et al.Materials for advanced ultra-supercritical fossil-fuel power plants:materials properties,microstructure,and component behavior[J].Energy Technology,2016,4(1):187-192.
[37]EYGELAAR J,L?TTER D P,VAN VUUREN J H.Generator maintenance scheduling based on the risk of power generating unit failure[J].International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems,2018,95:83-95.
[38]CIARAPICA F E,GIACCHETTA G.Managing the condition-based maintenance of a combined-cycle power plant:an approach using soft computing techniques[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2006,19:316-325.
[39]李建锋,周宏,吕俊复.中国1 000 MW等级火力发电机组可靠性分析[J].中国电力,2017,50(11):1-7.LI Jianfeng,ZHOU Hong,LüJunfu.Reliability analysis of 1 000 MW thermal power generating units in China[J].Electric Power,2017,50(11):1-7.