基于事故树理论改进蒙德法在联合站安全评价中的应用
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摘要
针对传统蒙德法在建议系数的选取上存在取值差异性、主观影响性大等问题,提出基于事故树理论改进蒙德法评价模型。该模型利用事故树理论方法得出各基础事件结构重要度,为建议系数的取值提供可靠依据,同时增加了设备修正系数F_E、同类设备失效概率系数F_G、管理系数F_M和毒性种类系数F_T4个修正系数。文章以联合站原油罐区单元为例,对其安全指标进行定量计算。结果表明,基于事故树理论改进蒙德法与传统蒙德法相比具有更好的客观性与实际操作性,对保障企业安全生产有一定的指导意义。
In view of the differences between suggestion coefficient selection and large subjective effects by traditional Mond Method,this paper provides an improved Mond evaluation model based on fault tree theory.This model uses the theory of fault tree method to obtain the important degree of basic event structure and provide a reliable basis for the recommended values of coefficients,while adding the equipment modification factor F_E,similar equipment failure probability coefficient F_G,management coefficient F_M and toxicity coefficient F_T.Taking the crude oil tank of a united station as an example,the safety index of the unit was calculated quantitatively.The results showed that the improved Mond Method based on fault tree theory had better objectivity and maneuverability compared with traditional Mond Method,which had certain guiding significance to ensure safety production of enterprise.
In view of the differences between suggestion coefficient selection and large subjective effects by traditional Mond Method,this paper provides an improved Mond evaluation model based on fault tree theory.This model uses the theory of fault tree method to obtain the important degree of basic event structure and provide a reliable basis for the recommended values of coefficients,while adding the equipment modification factor F_E,similar equipment failure probability coefficient F_G,management coefficient F_M and toxicity coefficient F_T.Taking the crude oil tank of a united station as an example,the safety index of the unit was calculated quantitatively.The results showed that the improved Mond Method based on fault tree theory had better objectivity and maneuverability compared with traditional Mond Method,which had certain guiding significance to ensure safety production of enterprise.
引文
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[2]张乃禄,赵晓姣,徐竟天,等.原油集输联合站故障树分析研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(3):143-147.
[3]罗通元,段礼祥,王金江,等.道化学评价法的改进及其在联合站安全评价中的应用[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016(6):153-157.
[4]王如猛.煤与瓦斯突出“事故树-层次分析法”分析[J].煤,2017(2):5-7.
[5]ZHANG LIMAO,WU XIANGUO,SKIBNIEWSKI M J,et al.Bayesian-network-based safety risk analysis in construction projects[J].Reliability engineering&system safety,2014(131):29-39.
[6]尹航.石油储罐爆炸的事故树分析方法[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(20):4913-4917.
[7]夏水国.Mond法在煤气车间危险性评价中的应用[J].劳动保护科学技术,1996(2):58-61.
[8]American Petroleum Institute.API 581-risk-based inspection[S].Washington D C:API Committee,2000.
[9]戴树和.工程风险分析技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007:170-181.
[10]徐辉.蒙德法在液态烃罐区安全评价中的运用[J].工业安全与环保,2005,31(4):54-57.
[11]张维凡.常用化学危险物品安全手册[M].北京:中国石化出版社,1998:23.