不同曝气密度对CANON工艺启动的影响
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摘要
在室温(25℃)下采用3组反应器R1、R2、R3,接种成熟厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥,在总曝气量一定,曝停比为1的条件下,研究了不同曝气密度(3、6、12)对CANON工艺启动的影响.结果表明,R1、R2、R3分别经过32、29、23 d实现了CANON工艺成功的启动,较大的曝气密度有利于CANON工艺的启动; R1、R2、R3在周期实验中p H分别下降了0. 4、0. 55、1. 06,即在总曝气量一定的情况下,R3因其较大的曝气密度和合适的时间间隔,更有利于抑制NOB活性,使得系统对DO的利用率更高,提高了系统的脱氮性能;通过脱氮路径分析可得,系统中存在着ANA和SNA两种脱氮路径,SNA所占比重分别为19. 3%、24. 5%、33. 6%,随着曝气密度的提高,SNA贡献逐渐增大.
The effect of aeration densities( 3,6,12) on the CANON process start-up were investigated in R1,R2,and R3 inoculated mature anaerobic ammonium oxide granule sludge under the same conditions of aeration and aeration/anaerobic time ratio( 1 ∶ 1) at25℃. The results showed that R1,R2,and R3 of the CANON process were initiated in 32,29,and 23 d,respectively. A greater aeration density promoted the start-up of the CANON process. In the cycle test,the p H of R1,R2,and R3 decreased by 0. 4,0. 55,and 1. 06,respectively. R3 exhibited excellent denitrification performance due to its large aeration density and suitable time interval,which increased system efficiency in DO and better inhibited NOB activity. According to the denitrification route analysis,there were two denitrification pathways of ANA and SNA in the system. The proportion of SNA was 19. 3%,24. 5%,and 33. 6%,respectively.With the increase in aeration density,the contribution of SNA increased gradually.
The effect of aeration densities( 3,6,12) on the CANON process start-up were investigated in R1,R2,and R3 inoculated mature anaerobic ammonium oxide granule sludge under the same conditions of aeration and aeration/anaerobic time ratio( 1 ∶ 1) at25℃. The results showed that R1,R2,and R3 of the CANON process were initiated in 32,29,and 23 d,respectively. A greater aeration density promoted the start-up of the CANON process. In the cycle test,the p H of R1,R2,and R3 decreased by 0. 4,0. 55,and 1. 06,respectively. R3 exhibited excellent denitrification performance due to its large aeration density and suitable time interval,which increased system efficiency in DO and better inhibited NOB activity. According to the denitrification route analysis,there were two denitrification pathways of ANA and SNA in the system. The proportion of SNA was 19. 3%,24. 5%,and 33. 6%,respectively.With the increase in aeration density,the contribution of SNA increased gradually.
引文
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[3]张姚,韩海成,王伟刚,等.溶解氧对CANON颗粒污泥自养脱氮性能的影响[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(12):4501-4510.Zhang Y,Han H C,Wang W G,et al. Impact of dissolved oxygen on autotrophic nitrogen removals of the granular sludge in a CANON process[J]. China Environmental Science,2017,37(12):4501-4510.
[4]左早荣,付昆明,仇付国,等. CANON工艺的研究现状及面临困难分析[J].水处理技术,2013,39(9):15-19.Zuo Z R,Fu K M,Qiu F G,et al. Analysis of the reaearch status and difficulties of CANON process[J]. Technology of Water Treatment,2013,39(9):15-19.
[5] Ma B,Bao P,Wei Y,et al. Suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria growth to achieve nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater via anammox using intermittent aeration with low dissolved oxygen[J]. Scientific Reports,2015,5:13048.
[6] Yang J J,Trela J,Zubrowska-Sudol M,et al. Intermittent aeration in one-stage partial nitritation/anammox process[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,75:413-420.
[7]李冬,李晓莹,杨杰,等. SBR中不同曝气方式下CANON工艺的启动与运行[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(9):109-116.Li D,Li X Y,Yang J,et al. Start-up and long term operation of CANON in sequencing batch reactor with different aeration patterns[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2017,49(9):109-116.
[8]秦宇,郭劲松,方芳,等.溶解氧及曝停比对单级自养脱氮系统微生物群落结构的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(2):493-498.Qin Y,Guo J S,Fang F,et al. Effect of DO and aeration/nonaeration ratio on the microbial community structure in one-step SBBR completely autotrophic nitrogen removal process[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(2):493-498.
[9]郑照明,李军,杨京月,等. SNAD工艺在不同间歇曝气工况下的脱氮性能[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):511-519.Zheng Z M,Li J,Yang J Y,et al. Nitrogen removal performance of the SNAD process under different intermittent aerobic conditions[J]. China Environmental Science,2017,37(2):511-519.
[10]李亚峰,秦亚敏,谢新立,等.间歇曝气条件下短程硝化的实现及影响因素研究[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1518-1521.Li Y F,Qin Y M,Xie X L,et al. Study on achievement and influencing factors of shortcut nitrification in intermittent aeration[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2011,5(7):1518-1521.
[11] Van De Graaf A A,De Bruijn P,Robertson L A,et al.Autotrophic growth of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms in a fluidized bed reactor[J]. Microbiology,1996,142(8):2187-2196.
[12]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[13]李冬,王艳菊,吕育锋,等.有机碳源对启动及运行CANON颗粒污泥工艺的影响[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):1294-1300.Li D,Wang Y J,LüY F,et al. Effect of organic carbon source on start-up and operation of the CANON granular sludge process[J]. Environmental Science,2018,39(3):1294-1300.
[14]李冬,崔少明,梁瑜海,等.溶解氧对序批式全程自养脱氮工艺运行的影响[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(5):1131-1138.Li D,Cui S M,Liang Y H,et al. The effect of dissolved oxygen on running canon process in sequencing batch reactor[J]. China Environmental Science,2014,34(5):1131-1138.
[15]李冬,郭跃洲,曹美忠,等.停曝时间比对亚硝化颗粒污泥形成的影响[J].环境科学,2018,39(5):2289-2295.Li D,Guo Y Z,Cao M Z,et al. Effect of different ratios of anaerobic time and aeration time on the formation of partial nitrification granules[J]. Environmental Science,2018,39(5):2289-2295.
[16] Vázquez-Padín J, Mosquera-Corral A, Campos J L, et al.Microbial community distribution and activity dynamics of granular biomass in a CANON reactor[J]. Water Research,2010,44(15):4359-4370.
[17]孙延芳,韩晓宇,张树军,等.颗粒+絮体污泥CANON工艺的启动与SRT影响研究[J].环境科学,2017,38(2):672-678.Sun Y F,Han X Y,Zhang S J,et al. Start-up of combined flocgranule CANON process and the effects of SRT on reactor Performance[J]. Environmental Science,2017,38(2):672-678.
[18]王会芳,付昆明,左早荣,等.水力停留时间和溶解氧对陶粒CANON反应器的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(11):4161-4167.Wang H F,Fu K M,Zuo Z R,et al. Effects of hydraulic retention time and dissolved oxygen on a CANON reactor with haydite as carrier[J]. Environmental Science,2015,36(11):4161-4167.
[19]付昆明,张杰,曹相生,等.好氧条件下CANON工艺的启动研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(6):1689-1694.Fu K M,Zhang J,Cao X S,et al. Study of CANON process start-up under aerobic conditions[J]. Environmental Science,2009,30(6):1689-1694.
[20]付昆明,王会芳,苏雪莹,等.初始pH值对序批式CANON工艺脱氮效果和N2O释放的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(11):4261-4267.Fu K M,Wang H F,Su X Y,et al. Effect of Initial pH on nitrogen removal performance and N2O emission of a sequencing batch CANON reactor[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(11):4261-4267.
[21]孙洪伟,吕心涛,魏雪芬,等.游离氨(FA)耦合曝气时间对硝化菌活性的抑制影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1075-1081.Sun H W,LüX T,Wei X F,et al. Synergetic inhibitory effect of free ammonia and aeration phase length control on the activity of nitrifying bacteria[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(3):1075-1081.
[22]孙洪伟,尤永军,赵华南,等.游离氨对硝化菌活性的抑制及可逆性影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(1):95-100.Sun H W,You Y J,Zhao H N,et al. Inhibitory effect of free ammonia on the activity of nitrifying bacteria and recoverability[J]. China Environmental Science,2015,35(1):95-100.
[23]卞伟,李军,赵白航,等.硝化污泥中AOB/NOB对硝化特性的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(8):2395-2401.Bian W,Li J,Zhao B H,et al. The effect of AOB/NOB in nitrifying sludge on nitrification characteristics[J]. China Environmental Science,2016,36(8):2395-2401.
[24]王淑莹,李论,李凌云,等.快速启动短程硝化过程起始pH值对亚硝酸盐积累的影响[J].北京工业大学学报,2011,37(7):1067-1072.Wang S Y,Li L,Li L Y,et al. Effect of initiative pH value on accumulation of nitrite during the process of rapid start-up of partial nitrification[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2011,37(7):1067-1072.
[25]张杰,成朔,李冬,等. AUSB中置曝气启动连续流全程自养脱氮工艺[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2018,50(2):1-7.Zhang J,Cheng S,Li D,et al. Development of continuous flow CANON process in the middle-setting aerated AUSB reactor[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2018,50(2):1-7.
[26]苏东霞,李冬,张肖静,等.曝停时间比对间歇曝气SBR短程硝化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(5):1152-1158.Su D X,Li D,Zhang X J,et al. Effects of different ratios of aeration time and anaerobic time on shortcut nitrification in the intermittent aeration SBR[J]. China Environmental Science,2014,34(5):1152-1158.
[27]彭永臻,杨岸明,李凌云,等.短程硝化最优曝气时间控制与硝化种群调控[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2013,45(2):101-105.Peng Y Z,Yang A M,Li L Y,et al. Optimal control of aeration duration and nitrifying population regulation for partial nitrification[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2013,45(2):101-105.
[28] Gao D W,Peng Y Z,Li B K,et al. Shortcut nitrificationdenitrification by real-time control strategies[J]. Bioresource Technology,2009,100(7):2298-2300.
[2] Wang Z,Peng Y Z,Miao L,et al. Continuous-flow combined process of nitritation and ANAMMOX for treatment of landfill leachate[J]. Bioresource Technology,2016,214:514-519.
[3]张姚,韩海成,王伟刚,等.溶解氧对CANON颗粒污泥自养脱氮性能的影响[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(12):4501-4510.Zhang Y,Han H C,Wang W G,et al. Impact of dissolved oxygen on autotrophic nitrogen removals of the granular sludge in a CANON process[J]. China Environmental Science,2017,37(12):4501-4510.
[4]左早荣,付昆明,仇付国,等. CANON工艺的研究现状及面临困难分析[J].水处理技术,2013,39(9):15-19.Zuo Z R,Fu K M,Qiu F G,et al. Analysis of the reaearch status and difficulties of CANON process[J]. Technology of Water Treatment,2013,39(9):15-19.
[5] Ma B,Bao P,Wei Y,et al. Suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria growth to achieve nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater via anammox using intermittent aeration with low dissolved oxygen[J]. Scientific Reports,2015,5:13048.
[6] Yang J J,Trela J,Zubrowska-Sudol M,et al. Intermittent aeration in one-stage partial nitritation/anammox process[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,75:413-420.
[7]李冬,李晓莹,杨杰,等. SBR中不同曝气方式下CANON工艺的启动与运行[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(9):109-116.Li D,Li X Y,Yang J,et al. Start-up and long term operation of CANON in sequencing batch reactor with different aeration patterns[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2017,49(9):109-116.
[8]秦宇,郭劲松,方芳,等.溶解氧及曝停比对单级自养脱氮系统微生物群落结构的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(2):493-498.Qin Y,Guo J S,Fang F,et al. Effect of DO and aeration/nonaeration ratio on the microbial community structure in one-step SBBR completely autotrophic nitrogen removal process[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(2):493-498.
[9]郑照明,李军,杨京月,等. SNAD工艺在不同间歇曝气工况下的脱氮性能[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):511-519.Zheng Z M,Li J,Yang J Y,et al. Nitrogen removal performance of the SNAD process under different intermittent aerobic conditions[J]. China Environmental Science,2017,37(2):511-519.
[10]李亚峰,秦亚敏,谢新立,等.间歇曝气条件下短程硝化的实现及影响因素研究[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(7):1518-1521.Li Y F,Qin Y M,Xie X L,et al. Study on achievement and influencing factors of shortcut nitrification in intermittent aeration[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2011,5(7):1518-1521.
[11] Van De Graaf A A,De Bruijn P,Robertson L A,et al.Autotrophic growth of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms in a fluidized bed reactor[J]. Microbiology,1996,142(8):2187-2196.
[12]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[13]李冬,王艳菊,吕育锋,等.有机碳源对启动及运行CANON颗粒污泥工艺的影响[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):1294-1300.Li D,Wang Y J,LüY F,et al. Effect of organic carbon source on start-up and operation of the CANON granular sludge process[J]. Environmental Science,2018,39(3):1294-1300.
[14]李冬,崔少明,梁瑜海,等.溶解氧对序批式全程自养脱氮工艺运行的影响[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(5):1131-1138.Li D,Cui S M,Liang Y H,et al. The effect of dissolved oxygen on running canon process in sequencing batch reactor[J]. China Environmental Science,2014,34(5):1131-1138.
[15]李冬,郭跃洲,曹美忠,等.停曝时间比对亚硝化颗粒污泥形成的影响[J].环境科学,2018,39(5):2289-2295.Li D,Guo Y Z,Cao M Z,et al. Effect of different ratios of anaerobic time and aeration time on the formation of partial nitrification granules[J]. Environmental Science,2018,39(5):2289-2295.
[16] Vázquez-Padín J, Mosquera-Corral A, Campos J L, et al.Microbial community distribution and activity dynamics of granular biomass in a CANON reactor[J]. Water Research,2010,44(15):4359-4370.
[17]孙延芳,韩晓宇,张树军,等.颗粒+絮体污泥CANON工艺的启动与SRT影响研究[J].环境科学,2017,38(2):672-678.Sun Y F,Han X Y,Zhang S J,et al. Start-up of combined flocgranule CANON process and the effects of SRT on reactor Performance[J]. Environmental Science,2017,38(2):672-678.
[18]王会芳,付昆明,左早荣,等.水力停留时间和溶解氧对陶粒CANON反应器的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(11):4161-4167.Wang H F,Fu K M,Zuo Z R,et al. Effects of hydraulic retention time and dissolved oxygen on a CANON reactor with haydite as carrier[J]. Environmental Science,2015,36(11):4161-4167.
[19]付昆明,张杰,曹相生,等.好氧条件下CANON工艺的启动研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(6):1689-1694.Fu K M,Zhang J,Cao X S,et al. Study of CANON process start-up under aerobic conditions[J]. Environmental Science,2009,30(6):1689-1694.
[20]付昆明,王会芳,苏雪莹,等.初始pH值对序批式CANON工艺脱氮效果和N2O释放的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(11):4261-4267.Fu K M,Wang H F,Su X Y,et al. Effect of Initial pH on nitrogen removal performance and N2O emission of a sequencing batch CANON reactor[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(11):4261-4267.
[21]孙洪伟,吕心涛,魏雪芬,等.游离氨(FA)耦合曝气时间对硝化菌活性的抑制影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1075-1081.Sun H W,LüX T,Wei X F,et al. Synergetic inhibitory effect of free ammonia and aeration phase length control on the activity of nitrifying bacteria[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(3):1075-1081.
[22]孙洪伟,尤永军,赵华南,等.游离氨对硝化菌活性的抑制及可逆性影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(1):95-100.Sun H W,You Y J,Zhao H N,et al. Inhibitory effect of free ammonia on the activity of nitrifying bacteria and recoverability[J]. China Environmental Science,2015,35(1):95-100.
[23]卞伟,李军,赵白航,等.硝化污泥中AOB/NOB对硝化特性的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(8):2395-2401.Bian W,Li J,Zhao B H,et al. The effect of AOB/NOB in nitrifying sludge on nitrification characteristics[J]. China Environmental Science,2016,36(8):2395-2401.
[24]王淑莹,李论,李凌云,等.快速启动短程硝化过程起始pH值对亚硝酸盐积累的影响[J].北京工业大学学报,2011,37(7):1067-1072.Wang S Y,Li L,Li L Y,et al. Effect of initiative pH value on accumulation of nitrite during the process of rapid start-up of partial nitrification[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2011,37(7):1067-1072.
[25]张杰,成朔,李冬,等. AUSB中置曝气启动连续流全程自养脱氮工艺[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2018,50(2):1-7.Zhang J,Cheng S,Li D,et al. Development of continuous flow CANON process in the middle-setting aerated AUSB reactor[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2018,50(2):1-7.
[26]苏东霞,李冬,张肖静,等.曝停时间比对间歇曝气SBR短程硝化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(5):1152-1158.Su D X,Li D,Zhang X J,et al. Effects of different ratios of aeration time and anaerobic time on shortcut nitrification in the intermittent aeration SBR[J]. China Environmental Science,2014,34(5):1152-1158.
[27]彭永臻,杨岸明,李凌云,等.短程硝化最优曝气时间控制与硝化种群调控[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2013,45(2):101-105.Peng Y Z,Yang A M,Li L Y,et al. Optimal control of aeration duration and nitrifying population regulation for partial nitrification[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2013,45(2):101-105.
[28] Gao D W,Peng Y Z,Li B K,et al. Shortcut nitrificationdenitrification by real-time control strategies[J]. Bioresource Technology,2009,100(7):2298-2300.