水空跨介质航行器发展需求及其关键技术
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摘要
针对未来军事竞争与对抗呈现多介质空间的体系对抗,而现有航行器平台仍大多局限于单一介质空间运行环境的现状,突破传统航行器定式,提出具有多介质航行能力的水空跨介质航行器概念,介绍了研究背景和发展此类航行器的必要性,分析了规划和发展过程中的关键技术,并对今后的发展思路进行了展望。
Aimed at the problems that military competition and confrontation in the near future is present to the system of the multi-media space, and the most active-service navigation vehicles are still limited to the single medium space, this paper proposes a brand-new vehicle named air-water trans-media vehicle, conceives a transfiguration vehicle which can travel in multi-media, analyzes the key technologies, and presents the future developing conception.
Aimed at the problems that military competition and confrontation in the near future is present to the system of the multi-media space, and the most active-service navigation vehicles are still limited to the single medium space, this paper proposes a brand-new vehicle named air-water trans-media vehicle, conceives a transfiguration vehicle which can travel in multi-media, analyzes the key technologies, and presents the future developing conception.
引文
[1] 徐保伟.变结构航行器水空跨越动力学模型及运动特性研究[D].西安:空军工程大学,2016.XU B W.Dynamic Model and Motion Characteristics of Morphing Air-Water Crossing Vehicle [D].Xi’an:Air Force Engineering University,2016.(in Chinese)
[2] 何肇雄,郑震山,马东立,等.国外跨介质飞行器发展历程及启示[J].舰船科学技术,2016,38(9):152-157.HE Z X,ZHENG Z S,MA D L,et al.Development of Foreign Trans-Media Aircraft and Its Enlightenment to China[J].Ship Science and Technology,2016,38(9):152-157.(in Chinese)
[3] 冯金富,陈国明,张萌.变体技术在兵器设计上的应用[J].兵器装备工程学报,2017,38(12):215-220.FENG J F,CHEN G M,ZHANG M.Application of Morphing Technology in Aircraft[J].Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering,2017,38(12):215-220.(in Chinese)
[4] CHEN G M,FENG J F,HU J H,et al.The Influence of Initial Conditions of Water-Entry on Ricochet Phenomenon[J].Fluid Dynamics Research,2017,49(4):045505.
[5] YANG J,LI Y L,FENG J F,et al.Simulation and Experimental Research on Trans-Media Vehicle Water-Entry Motion Characteristics at Low Speed[J].PLoS One,2017,12(5):e0178461.
[6] 杨健,冯金富,齐铎,等.水空介质跨越航行器的发展与应用及其关键技术[J].飞航导弹,2017(12):1-8.YANG J,FENG J F,QI D,et al.Development,Application and Key Technologies of Air-Water Trans-Media Vehicle[J].Aerodynamic Missile Journal,2017(12):1-8.(in Chinese)
[7] 刘安,冯金富,廖保全,等.旋翼类飞行潜航器的发展及关键技术[J].舰船科学技术,2017,39(3):1-6.LIU A,FENG J F,LIAO B Q,et al.Progress and Key Technologies of Multi-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Underwater Vehicle[J].Ship Science and Technology,2017,39(3):1-6.(in Chinese)
[8] 李永利,冯金富,齐铎,等.航行器低速斜入水运动规律[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2016,42(12):2698-2708.LI Y L,FENG J F,QI D,et al.Movement Rule of a Vehicle Obliquely Water-Entry At Low Speed[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics,2016,42(12):2698-2708.(in Chinese)
[9] WU M.Modeling and Simulation on the Gas/Water Two-Phase Ballistics of Trans-Media Aircraft[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2015,743:66-70.
[10] PAN C J,GUO Y Q.Design and Simulation of Ex-Range Gliding Wing of High Altitude Air-Launched Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Based on SIMULINK[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2013,26(2):319-325.
[11] FANTASTIC P.Ushakov LPL flying submarine [EB/OL].[2017-09-20].http://www.fantastic-plastic.com /Ushakov_LPL_Flying_Sub_page.html.
[12] 李红军.飞行潜艇or水下飞机?[J].兵器知识,2010(9):52-53.LI H J.Flying Submarine or Underwater Airplane?[J].Ordnance Knowledge,2010(9):52-53.(in Chinese)
[13] 陈建峰,杨龙塾.美国DARPA提出的“潜水飞机”概念[J].现代舰船,2009,14(3):38-39.CHEN J,YANG L S.The Concept of “Underwater Airplane” Proposed by DARPA in the United States[J].Modern Ships,2009,14(3):38-39.(in Chinese)
[14] LIU H X.Investigation on the Mechanism of a Bionic Aquatic-Aerial Aircraft and Prototype Aircraft Project[D].Beijing:Beihang University,2009.
[15] CHERNEY R.Robotic Flying Fish,Needham:Franklin W.Olin College of Engineering[Z].Report ENGR 2330,2010.
[16] 朱莎,王云,刘伟.水空两用无人机进排气系统分析[J].航空科学技术,2011,22(4):83-85.ZHU S,WANG Y,LIU W.Analysis to Intake and Exhaust System of Water-air UAV[J].Aeronautical Science & Technology,2011,22(4):83-85.(in Chinese)
[17] TRENT Y,JASON G,DAN E.Flimmer:A Flying Submarine[Z].Naval Research Laboratory SPECTRA,2015.
[18] 廖保全,冯金富,齐铎,等.基于FLUENT的新型跨介质航行器气动水动特性研究[J].数值计算与计算机应用,2016,37(4):265-272.LIAO B Q,FENG J F,QI D,et al.Study of Aerodynamic and Hydrodynamic Characteristics for a New Trans-Media Vehicle Based on FLUENT[J].Journal on Numerical Methods and Computer Applications,2016,37(4):265-272.(in Chinese)
[19] 廖保全,冯金富,齐铎,等.一种可变形跨介质航行器气动/水动特性分析[J].飞行力学,2016,34(3):44-47.LIAO B Q,FENG J F,QI D,et al.Analysis on Aerodynamic and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Morphing Submersible Aerial Vehicle Flight Dynamics[J].Flight Dynamics,2016,34(3):44-47.(in Chinese)
[20] RODRIGUEZ A.Morphing Aircraft Technology Survey[Z] Aiaa Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit,2013.
[21] ZHU L P,LIU Z H,LI L C.Modeling and Aerodynamic Characteristics Analysis of Morphing Aircraft[C] //2017 29th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC).Chongqing,China:CCDC,2017:1703-1709.
[22] GUO T H,HOU Z X,ZHU B J.Dynamic Modeling and Active Morphing Trajectory-Attitude Separation Control Approach for Gull-Wing Aircraft[J].IEEE Access,2017,5:17006-17019.
[23] LI M T,GUO L,WU K J.Modeling and Control for Morphing Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle[C]// 2016 IEEE Chinese Guidance,Navigation and Control Conference (CGNCC).Nanjing,China:IEEE,2016:1226-1231.
[24] NICASSIO F,SCARSELLI G,PINTO F,et al.Low Energy Actuation Technique of Bistable Composites for Aircraft Morphing[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2018,75:35-46.
[25] MICHAUD F,DALIR H,JONCAS S.Structural Design and Optimization of an Aircraft Morphing Wing:Composite Skin[J].Journal of Aircraft,2017,55(1):1-17.
[26] 刘卫东.变形机翼关键技术的研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2014.LIU W D.Research on Key Technology of Morphing Wing[D].Nanjing :Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2014.(in Chinese)
[27] 范玮,严传俊,黄希桥,等.新概念脉冲爆震发动机研究的最新进展[C]//中国工程院航空工程科技论坛学术报告会.北京:中国工程院,2002:22-34.FANG W,YANG C,HUANG X,et al.Recent Advances in Research on New Concept Pulse Detonation Engines[C]//Chinese Academy of Engineering Aviation Engineering Science Forum.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Engineering,2002:22-34.(in Chinese)
[28] ROY G.Practical Pulse Detonation Engines-How Far Are They[Z].ISABE-2001-1170,India,2001.
[29] TRUSCOTT T T,EPPS B P,BELDEN J.Water Entry of Projectiles[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2014,46(1):355-378.
[30] ABRAHAM J,GORMAN J,RESEGHETTI F,et al.Modeling and Numerical Simulation of the Forces Acting on a Sphere during Early-Water Entry[J].Ocean Engineering,2014,76:1-9.
[31] SCOLAN Y M,KOROBKIN A A.Three-Dimensional Theory of Water Impact.Part 1.Inverse Wagner Problem[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2001,440:293-326.
[32] KOROBKIN A A,SCOLAN Y M.Three-Dimensional Theory of Water Impact.Part 2.Linearized Wagner Problem[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2006,549(1):343-373.
[33] KOROBKIN A.Analytical Models of Water Impact[J].European Journal of Applied Mathematics,2004,15(6):821-838.
[34] GU H B,QIAN L,CAUSON D M,et al.Numerical Simulation of Water Impact of Solid Bodies with Vertical and Oblique Entries[J].Ocean Engineering,2014,75:128-137.
[35] 杨元喜,徐天河,薛树强,等.我国海洋大地测量基准与海洋导航技术研究进展与展望[J].测绘学报,2017,46(1):1-8.YANG Y X,XU T H,XUE S Q,et al.Progresses and Prospects in Developing Marine Geodetic Datum and Marine Navigation of China[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2017,46(1):1-8.(in Chinese)
[36] 许昭霞,王泽元.国外水下导航技术发展现状及趋势[J].舰船科学技术,2013,35(11):154-157.XU Z X,WANG Z Y.Recent Advances and Future Trends in Foreign Underwater Navigation Techniques[J].Ship Science and Technology,2013,35(11):154-157.(in Chinese)
[37] 郑彤.国外水下导航技术现状分析[J].舰船电子工程,2016,36(10):8-10.ZHENG T.Present Status Study on the Foreign Underwater Navigation Techniques[J].Ship Electronic Engineering,2016,36(10):8-10.(in Chinese)
[38] 刘佳兴.基于ANFIS的水下航行器组合导航技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.LIU J X.Research on Integrated Navigation Technology of Underwater Vehicle Based on ANFIS[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2013.(in Chinese)
[39] 张利军,薛祥义,常辉.我国航空用变形钛合金材料[J].中国材料进展,2012,31(8):40-46.ZHANG L J,XUE X Y,CHANG H.Deformation of Titanium Alloy Materials for China Aircraft[J].Material China,2012,31(8):40-46.(in Chinese)
[40] 石鹏飞,孙锐,胡斌.变形飞机结构技术发展[J].科学家,2017,5(9):2,21.SHI P F,SUN R,HU B.Development of Deformation Aircraft Structure Technology[J].Scientist,2017,5(9):2,21.(in Chinese)
[41] 滕腾.可变体飞行器受载变形控制问题研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2013.TENG T.Research on Variant Aircraft’s Control in Wing Loads[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2013.(in Chinese)
[42] 孟松鹤,杜善义,韩杰才.热防护系统及材料的研究进展[C]//第十四届全国复合材料学术会议.湖北,宜昌:中国宇航学会,2006:11-17.MENG S H,DU S Y,HAN J C.Research Progress in Thermal Protection Systems and Materials [C]//14th National Academic Conference on Composites.Yichang Hubei:Chinese Society of Astronautics,2006:11-17.(in Chinese)
[43] 刘方辉.硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料在军事领域的应用研究进展[J].科技资讯,2013,11(13):248.LIU F H.The Development and Application of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Plastics in Military Field[J].Science and Technology Information,2013,11(13):248.(in Chinese)
[2] 何肇雄,郑震山,马东立,等.国外跨介质飞行器发展历程及启示[J].舰船科学技术,2016,38(9):152-157.HE Z X,ZHENG Z S,MA D L,et al.Development of Foreign Trans-Media Aircraft and Its Enlightenment to China[J].Ship Science and Technology,2016,38(9):152-157.(in Chinese)
[3] 冯金富,陈国明,张萌.变体技术在兵器设计上的应用[J].兵器装备工程学报,2017,38(12):215-220.FENG J F,CHEN G M,ZHANG M.Application of Morphing Technology in Aircraft[J].Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering,2017,38(12):215-220.(in Chinese)
[4] CHEN G M,FENG J F,HU J H,et al.The Influence of Initial Conditions of Water-Entry on Ricochet Phenomenon[J].Fluid Dynamics Research,2017,49(4):045505.
[5] YANG J,LI Y L,FENG J F,et al.Simulation and Experimental Research on Trans-Media Vehicle Water-Entry Motion Characteristics at Low Speed[J].PLoS One,2017,12(5):e0178461.
[6] 杨健,冯金富,齐铎,等.水空介质跨越航行器的发展与应用及其关键技术[J].飞航导弹,2017(12):1-8.YANG J,FENG J F,QI D,et al.Development,Application and Key Technologies of Air-Water Trans-Media Vehicle[J].Aerodynamic Missile Journal,2017(12):1-8.(in Chinese)
[7] 刘安,冯金富,廖保全,等.旋翼类飞行潜航器的发展及关键技术[J].舰船科学技术,2017,39(3):1-6.LIU A,FENG J F,LIAO B Q,et al.Progress and Key Technologies of Multi-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Underwater Vehicle[J].Ship Science and Technology,2017,39(3):1-6.(in Chinese)
[8] 李永利,冯金富,齐铎,等.航行器低速斜入水运动规律[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2016,42(12):2698-2708.LI Y L,FENG J F,QI D,et al.Movement Rule of a Vehicle Obliquely Water-Entry At Low Speed[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics,2016,42(12):2698-2708.(in Chinese)
[9] WU M.Modeling and Simulation on the Gas/Water Two-Phase Ballistics of Trans-Media Aircraft[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2015,743:66-70.
[10] PAN C J,GUO Y Q.Design and Simulation of Ex-Range Gliding Wing of High Altitude Air-Launched Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Based on SIMULINK[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2013,26(2):319-325.
[11] FANTASTIC P.Ushakov LPL flying submarine [EB/OL].[2017-09-20].http://www.fantastic-plastic.com /Ushakov_LPL_Flying_Sub_page.html.
[12] 李红军.飞行潜艇or水下飞机?[J].兵器知识,2010(9):52-53.LI H J.Flying Submarine or Underwater Airplane?[J].Ordnance Knowledge,2010(9):52-53.(in Chinese)
[13] 陈建峰,杨龙塾.美国DARPA提出的“潜水飞机”概念[J].现代舰船,2009,14(3):38-39.CHEN J,YANG L S.The Concept of “Underwater Airplane” Proposed by DARPA in the United States[J].Modern Ships,2009,14(3):38-39.(in Chinese)
[14] LIU H X.Investigation on the Mechanism of a Bionic Aquatic-Aerial Aircraft and Prototype Aircraft Project[D].Beijing:Beihang University,2009.
[15] CHERNEY R.Robotic Flying Fish,Needham:Franklin W.Olin College of Engineering[Z].Report ENGR 2330,2010.
[16] 朱莎,王云,刘伟.水空两用无人机进排气系统分析[J].航空科学技术,2011,22(4):83-85.ZHU S,WANG Y,LIU W.Analysis to Intake and Exhaust System of Water-air UAV[J].Aeronautical Science & Technology,2011,22(4):83-85.(in Chinese)
[17] TRENT Y,JASON G,DAN E.Flimmer:A Flying Submarine[Z].Naval Research Laboratory SPECTRA,2015.
[18] 廖保全,冯金富,齐铎,等.基于FLUENT的新型跨介质航行器气动水动特性研究[J].数值计算与计算机应用,2016,37(4):265-272.LIAO B Q,FENG J F,QI D,et al.Study of Aerodynamic and Hydrodynamic Characteristics for a New Trans-Media Vehicle Based on FLUENT[J].Journal on Numerical Methods and Computer Applications,2016,37(4):265-272.(in Chinese)
[19] 廖保全,冯金富,齐铎,等.一种可变形跨介质航行器气动/水动特性分析[J].飞行力学,2016,34(3):44-47.LIAO B Q,FENG J F,QI D,et al.Analysis on Aerodynamic and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Morphing Submersible Aerial Vehicle Flight Dynamics[J].Flight Dynamics,2016,34(3):44-47.(in Chinese)
[20] RODRIGUEZ A.Morphing Aircraft Technology Survey[Z] Aiaa Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit,2013.
[21] ZHU L P,LIU Z H,LI L C.Modeling and Aerodynamic Characteristics Analysis of Morphing Aircraft[C] //2017 29th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC).Chongqing,China:CCDC,2017:1703-1709.
[22] GUO T H,HOU Z X,ZHU B J.Dynamic Modeling and Active Morphing Trajectory-Attitude Separation Control Approach for Gull-Wing Aircraft[J].IEEE Access,2017,5:17006-17019.
[23] LI M T,GUO L,WU K J.Modeling and Control for Morphing Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle[C]// 2016 IEEE Chinese Guidance,Navigation and Control Conference (CGNCC).Nanjing,China:IEEE,2016:1226-1231.
[24] NICASSIO F,SCARSELLI G,PINTO F,et al.Low Energy Actuation Technique of Bistable Composites for Aircraft Morphing[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2018,75:35-46.
[25] MICHAUD F,DALIR H,JONCAS S.Structural Design and Optimization of an Aircraft Morphing Wing:Composite Skin[J].Journal of Aircraft,2017,55(1):1-17.
[26] 刘卫东.变形机翼关键技术的研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2014.LIU W D.Research on Key Technology of Morphing Wing[D].Nanjing :Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2014.(in Chinese)
[27] 范玮,严传俊,黄希桥,等.新概念脉冲爆震发动机研究的最新进展[C]//中国工程院航空工程科技论坛学术报告会.北京:中国工程院,2002:22-34.FANG W,YANG C,HUANG X,et al.Recent Advances in Research on New Concept Pulse Detonation Engines[C]//Chinese Academy of Engineering Aviation Engineering Science Forum.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Engineering,2002:22-34.(in Chinese)
[28] ROY G.Practical Pulse Detonation Engines-How Far Are They[Z].ISABE-2001-1170,India,2001.
[29] TRUSCOTT T T,EPPS B P,BELDEN J.Water Entry of Projectiles[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2014,46(1):355-378.
[30] ABRAHAM J,GORMAN J,RESEGHETTI F,et al.Modeling and Numerical Simulation of the Forces Acting on a Sphere during Early-Water Entry[J].Ocean Engineering,2014,76:1-9.
[31] SCOLAN Y M,KOROBKIN A A.Three-Dimensional Theory of Water Impact.Part 1.Inverse Wagner Problem[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2001,440:293-326.
[32] KOROBKIN A A,SCOLAN Y M.Three-Dimensional Theory of Water Impact.Part 2.Linearized Wagner Problem[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2006,549(1):343-373.
[33] KOROBKIN A.Analytical Models of Water Impact[J].European Journal of Applied Mathematics,2004,15(6):821-838.
[34] GU H B,QIAN L,CAUSON D M,et al.Numerical Simulation of Water Impact of Solid Bodies with Vertical and Oblique Entries[J].Ocean Engineering,2014,75:128-137.
[35] 杨元喜,徐天河,薛树强,等.我国海洋大地测量基准与海洋导航技术研究进展与展望[J].测绘学报,2017,46(1):1-8.YANG Y X,XU T H,XUE S Q,et al.Progresses and Prospects in Developing Marine Geodetic Datum and Marine Navigation of China[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2017,46(1):1-8.(in Chinese)
[36] 许昭霞,王泽元.国外水下导航技术发展现状及趋势[J].舰船科学技术,2013,35(11):154-157.XU Z X,WANG Z Y.Recent Advances and Future Trends in Foreign Underwater Navigation Techniques[J].Ship Science and Technology,2013,35(11):154-157.(in Chinese)
[37] 郑彤.国外水下导航技术现状分析[J].舰船电子工程,2016,36(10):8-10.ZHENG T.Present Status Study on the Foreign Underwater Navigation Techniques[J].Ship Electronic Engineering,2016,36(10):8-10.(in Chinese)
[38] 刘佳兴.基于ANFIS的水下航行器组合导航技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.LIU J X.Research on Integrated Navigation Technology of Underwater Vehicle Based on ANFIS[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2013.(in Chinese)
[39] 张利军,薛祥义,常辉.我国航空用变形钛合金材料[J].中国材料进展,2012,31(8):40-46.ZHANG L J,XUE X Y,CHANG H.Deformation of Titanium Alloy Materials for China Aircraft[J].Material China,2012,31(8):40-46.(in Chinese)
[40] 石鹏飞,孙锐,胡斌.变形飞机结构技术发展[J].科学家,2017,5(9):2,21.SHI P F,SUN R,HU B.Development of Deformation Aircraft Structure Technology[J].Scientist,2017,5(9):2,21.(in Chinese)
[41] 滕腾.可变体飞行器受载变形控制问题研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2013.TENG T.Research on Variant Aircraft’s Control in Wing Loads[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2013.(in Chinese)
[42] 孟松鹤,杜善义,韩杰才.热防护系统及材料的研究进展[C]//第十四届全国复合材料学术会议.湖北,宜昌:中国宇航学会,2006:11-17.MENG S H,DU S Y,HAN J C.Research Progress in Thermal Protection Systems and Materials [C]//14th National Academic Conference on Composites.Yichang Hubei:Chinese Society of Astronautics,2006:11-17.(in Chinese)
[43] 刘方辉.硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料在军事领域的应用研究进展[J].科技资讯,2013,11(13):248.LIU F H.The Development and Application of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Plastics in Military Field[J].Science and Technology Information,2013,11(13):248.(in Chinese)