喷施拉肖皂苷C提高烟草幼苗抗干旱胁迫能力的生理机制
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摘要
为了揭示具有油菜素甾醇功能的拉肖皂苷C(Laxogenin C,LG-C)提高烟草抗旱能力的生理机制,以豫烟10号为供试材料,采用叶面喷施的水培实验,检测干旱胁迫下喷施LG-C对烟草幼苗脂质过氧化物水平、渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性和光合特性的影响。结果表明,干旱胁迫处理后,烟草幼苗叶片丙二醛(MDA)的含量升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性增加,可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸、可溶性糖的水平都有不同程度的增加,而光合作用受到抑制。喷施外源LG-C提高了干旱胁迫下SOD、POD和CAT的活性,增加了渗透调节物质的积累,同时增加了叶绿素含量,提高了光合速率和叶片含水量,降低了MDA含量和相对电导率。因此,LG-C能够通过积累渗透物质、提高抗氧化酶活性、增强光合能力,进而缓解干旱胁迫对烟草幼苗的危害。
In order to reveal the physiological mechanism of laxogenin C( LG-C),which has the function of brassinosteroids and improving tobacco drought resistance,this paper took variety Yuyan 10 as material,conducted hydroponic experiment by spraying on leaf surface; and detected the effects of spraying LG-C on membranous peroxide level,osmotic regulation substances content,antioxidant enzyme activity,and photosynthetic characteristics of tobacco seedlings under drought stress. The results showed that drought stress treatment increased the leaf malondialdehyde( MDA) content of tobacco seedlings,improved the activity of superoxide dismutase( SOD),peroxidase( POD),catalase( CAT),and the content of soluble protein,proline,and soluble sugar,while the photosynthesis was restrained. Spraying exogenous LG-C under drought stress had improved the activity of SOD,POD,CAT and the accumulation of osmotic regulation substances; increased the chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate and leaf moisture content; reduced MDA content and relative conductivity. Therefore,LG-C could alleviate the harm of drought stress on tobacco seedlings by accumulating osmotic substances,increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes,removing peroxide,and enhancing photosynthetic ability.
In order to reveal the physiological mechanism of laxogenin C( LG-C),which has the function of brassinosteroids and improving tobacco drought resistance,this paper took variety Yuyan 10 as material,conducted hydroponic experiment by spraying on leaf surface; and detected the effects of spraying LG-C on membranous peroxide level,osmotic regulation substances content,antioxidant enzyme activity,and photosynthetic characteristics of tobacco seedlings under drought stress. The results showed that drought stress treatment increased the leaf malondialdehyde( MDA) content of tobacco seedlings,improved the activity of superoxide dismutase( SOD),peroxidase( POD),catalase( CAT),and the content of soluble protein,proline,and soluble sugar,while the photosynthesis was restrained. Spraying exogenous LG-C under drought stress had improved the activity of SOD,POD,CAT and the accumulation of osmotic regulation substances; increased the chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate and leaf moisture content; reduced MDA content and relative conductivity. Therefore,LG-C could alleviate the harm of drought stress on tobacco seedlings by accumulating osmotic substances,increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes,removing peroxide,and enhancing photosynthetic ability.
引文
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[5]李涛涛,高永峰,马瑄,等.外源油菜素内酯对三种杨树在干旱、盐和铜胁迫下光合生理的影响[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2016,35(1):218-226.Li T T, Gao Y F, Ma X, et al.. Effects of exogenous brassionsteroid on photosynthesis of three of poplar under drought,salt and copper stress[J]. Genom. Appl. Biol.,2016,35(1):218-226.
[6]寇江涛,师尚礼. 2,4-表油菜素内酯对Na Cl胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗根系生长抑制及氧化损伤的缓解效应[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(8):1010-1019.Dou J T,Shi S L. The effects of the growth inhibition and oxidative damage on root growth of alfalfa seedlings in alfalfa seedlings of alfalfa seedlings under Na Cl stress[J]. Chin. J.Eco-Agric.,2015,23(8):1010-1019.
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[8] Divi U K,Krishna P. Brassinosteroid:A biotechnological target for enhancing crop yield and stress tolerance[J]. New Biotechnol.,2009,26(3):131-136.
[9]左文果,饶志威,陈登辉,等.拉肖皂苷元新合成路线研究[J].中国药物化学杂志,2013,23(5):377-380.Zuo W G,Rao Z W,Chen D H,et al.. New synthetic route of laxiao saponins[J]. Chin. J. Med. Chem.,2013,23(5):377-380.
[10]王维彦,张存莉.拉肖皂苷元和拉肖皂苷C对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2011,30(12):15-17,20.Wang W Y,Zhang C L. The effect of zhang and laxiao saponins on seed germination and seedling growth of maize[J]. Seed,2011,30(12):15-17,20.
[11]郭杰,管桦,张存莉,等.拉肖皂苷元和拉肖皂苷C对油菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(24):12-14.Guo G,Guan H,Zhang C L,et al.. Effects of laxiao saponins and laxiao saponins on seed germination and seedling growth of rape seed[J]. Nor. Horticul.,2010(24):12-14.
[12]马惠玲,叶占洋,尚小娇,等.拉肖皂苷C对萝卜、黑豆、松柳芽苗种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014(5):15-20.Ma H L,Ye Z Y,Shang X J,et al.. Effects of laxiao saponins C on seed germination and seedling growth of radish,black beans,pine buds and seedlings[J]. Nor. Horticul.,2014(5):15-20.
[13]邵惠芳,陈征,许嘉阳,等.两种烟草幼苗叶片对不同强度干旱胁迫的生理响应比较[J].植物生理学报,2016,52(12):1861-1871.Shao H F,Chen Z,Xu J Y,et al.. The physiological response of two kinds of tobacco seedlings on drought stress of different intensities[J]. Plant Physiol. J.. 2016,52(12):1861-1871.
[14]赵世杰,许长成,邹琦,等.植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进[J].植物生理学通讯,1994(3):207-210.Zhao S J,Xu C C,Zou Q,et al.. Improvement of method for measurement of malondialdehyde in plant tissues[J]. Plant Physiol. Commum.,1994(3):207-210.
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[16]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.Gao J F. Experimental Guidance on Plant Physiology[M].Beijing:Education Press,2006.
[17]李晓青,荆月婷,冯全福,等.PEG模拟干旱胁迫对不同烤烟品种生理特性的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2016,37(3):15-21.Li X Q,Jing Y T,Feng Q F,et al.. Effects of drought stress simulation by PEG on physiological characteristics in different flue-cured tobacco cultivars[J]. Chin. Tob. Sci.,2016,37(3):15-21.
[18] Shao H B,Liang Z S,Shao M A. Osmotic regulation of 10wheat(Triticum aestivum)genotypes at soil water deficits[J].Colloid. Surface B,2006,47:132-139.
[19] Babita M, Maheswari M, Rao L M, et al.. Osmotic adjustment,drought tolerance and yield in castor(Ricinus communis L.)hybrids[J]. Environ. Exp. Bot.,2010,69:243-249.
[20]巩文秀,郭杰,张存莉.拉肖皂苷C对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(9):1281-1286.Gong W X,Guo J,Zhang C L. Effects of laxiao saponin C on seed germination and growth of wheat seedling[J]. J. Triticeae Crop.,2014,34(9):1281-1286.
[21] Mittler R,Zilinskas B A. Regulation of peacytosolic ascorbate peroxidase and other antioxidant enzymes during the progression of drought stress and flowing recovery from drought[J]. Plant J.,1994,3(3):397-405.
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