烟草microRNA调控胁迫应答及生长发育的研究进展
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摘要
MicroRNA(miRNA)是生物体内产生的一类长度约为20～24个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA,在植物生长发育,生物和非生物胁迫响应方面起重要作用。烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)作为固着生长植物,不能像动物一样通过移动获取生长发育所需能量及躲避不利环境因素影响。因此,需要自身特殊生理机制如:启动控制叶绿素相关的关键基因表达来促进生长发育、启动防御相关的关键基因表达来响应胁迫,许多miRNA(microRNA)就参与相关过程。近年的研究表明,植物诸多生物学过程都受到miRNA的调控,包括细胞维持和分化、生长发育、信号转导以及对环境因素胁迫的响应。植物miRNA表达量随环境因素变化而改变,miRNA通过调控其相应靶基因的表达,使植物在生理及形态上产生对环境的适应性。本文综述了近年来miRNA介导的烟草响应干旱、盐、营养、温度和病害等逆境胁迫以及在烟草生长发育等方面的研究进展,并对今后烟草miRNA的研究做出了展望。
MicroRNA(miRNA) are a class of non-coding small RNAs of about 20～24 nucleotides in length that are produced in vivo, and play an important role in plant growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress responses. As a sessile growth plant, tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum) cannot be moved like an animal to obtain the energy needed for growth and development and to avoid adverse environmental factors. Therefore, it is necessary to have its own special physiological mechanisms such as: Initiation of control of key gene expression related to chlorophyll to promote growth and development, initiation of defense-related key gene expression in response to stress, and many miRNA participate in related processes. Recent studies have shown that many biological processes in plants are regulated by miRNA, including cell maintenance and differentiation, growth and development, signal transduction, and response to environmental stress. The expression level of plant miRNA changes with environmental factors. By regulating the expression of their corresponding target genes, miRNA can make plants adapt to the environment both physiologically and morphologically. In this paper, recent advances in miRNA-mediated tobacco stress response to drought, salt,nutrients, temperature and disease stress, as well as tobacco growth and development, The mechanism and prospects for future research on tobacco miRNA.
MicroRNA(miRNA) are a class of non-coding small RNAs of about 20～24 nucleotides in length that are produced in vivo, and play an important role in plant growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress responses. As a sessile growth plant, tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum) cannot be moved like an animal to obtain the energy needed for growth and development and to avoid adverse environmental factors. Therefore, it is necessary to have its own special physiological mechanisms such as: Initiation of control of key gene expression related to chlorophyll to promote growth and development, initiation of defense-related key gene expression in response to stress, and many miRNA participate in related processes. Recent studies have shown that many biological processes in plants are regulated by miRNA, including cell maintenance and differentiation, growth and development, signal transduction, and response to environmental stress. The expression level of plant miRNA changes with environmental factors. By regulating the expression of their corresponding target genes, miRNA can make plants adapt to the environment both physiologically and morphologically. In this paper, recent advances in miRNA-mediated tobacco stress response to drought, salt,nutrients, temperature and disease stress, as well as tobacco growth and development, The mechanism and prospects for future research on tobacco miRNA.
引文
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