基于不同视觉范围的逆光照明质量研究
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摘要
照明工程质量是隧道照明领域研究的重点之一。考虑人眼视网膜不同区域分辨能力的差异性,利用室内隧道缩尺模型,根据不同视觉范围划分测点区域,测量各测点处的目标亮度和背景亮度,修正并计算STV值,得到中央逆光照明参数对不同视觉范围内的STV值的影响规律。结果表明:①逆光照明角度30°时,中央视觉和周边视觉下的STV值都最大;②随着布灯间距增大,中央视觉下的STV值先增后减,周边视觉下的STV值逐渐减小;③高漫反射率侧壁材料略比瓷砖侧壁下的STV值小;④中央视觉范围比周边视觉范围内的视看环境好,提高周边视觉下的可见度水平具有重要作用。提出了小目标可见度的修正模型,为隧道照明质量设计和评价提供了新思路。
The quality of lighting engineering is one of the focuses of the research in the field of tunnel lighting. Considering the differences in the resolving power of different regions of the human retina,the scale model of indoor tunnel was used to divide the measuring point area according to different visual ranges. The target brightness and background brightness at each measuring point were measured,and the STV value was corrected and calculated. The influence of central backlight illumination parameters on STV values in different visual ranges was obtained. The results show that: ① When the backlighting angle is 30°,the STV value both under foveal vision and peripheral vision is the largest; ② As the distance between lights increases,the STV value in the foveal vision first increases and then decreases,while the STV value in the peripheral vision gradually decreases; ③ The high diffuse reflectivity sidewall material slightly lowers the STV value,compared with the tile; ④The visual environment under foveal vision is better than that under peripheral vision,and it plays an important role in improving the visibility level of peripheral vision. The modified model of the visibility of small target was proposed,which provided a new idea for the design and evaluation of tunnel lighting quality.
The quality of lighting engineering is one of the focuses of the research in the field of tunnel lighting. Considering the differences in the resolving power of different regions of the human retina,the scale model of indoor tunnel was used to divide the measuring point area according to different visual ranges. The target brightness and background brightness at each measuring point were measured,and the STV value was corrected and calculated. The influence of central backlight illumination parameters on STV values in different visual ranges was obtained. The results show that: ① When the backlighting angle is 30°,the STV value both under foveal vision and peripheral vision is the largest; ② As the distance between lights increases,the STV value in the foveal vision first increases and then decreases,while the STV value in the peripheral vision gradually decreases; ③ The high diffuse reflectivity sidewall material slightly lowers the STV value,compared with the tile; ④The visual environment under foveal vision is better than that under peripheral vision,and it plays an important role in improving the visibility level of peripheral vision. The modified model of the visibility of small target was proposed,which provided a new idea for the design and evaluation of tunnel lighting quality.
引文
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[15]ANSI/IESNA. American National Standard Practice for Roadway Lighting(RP-8-00)[S]. New York:Illominating Engineering Society of North America,2000.
[16]梁波,崔璐璐,陈蔚,等.基于S/P值的隧道蓄反光侧壁材料辅助节能照明的光学性能试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2016,53(6):196-201.LIANG Bo,CUI Lulu,CHEN Wei,et al. S/P value-based optical performance study of light-storing and reflective side wall applied material for auxiliary energy-saving lighting in tunnels[J]. Modern Tunnel Technology,2016,53(6):196-201.
[17]ADRIAN W. Visibility of target:model for calculation[J]. Lighting Research&Technology,1989,21(4):181-188.
[2]季佳俊,王晓雯,陈建忠.公路隧道照明灯具配光的实验对比[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2011,30(6):1314-1317.JI Jiajun,WANG Xiaowen,CHEN Jianzhong. Comparative experiment analysis for light distribution of highway tunnel[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Sciences),2011,30(6):1314-1317.
[3]HE Yunjian,REA M,ANDREW B,et al. Evaluating light source efficacy under mesopic conditions using reaction times[J].Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society,1997,26(1):125-138.
[4]徐雅琪.公路隧道逆光照明设计及实现[D].西安:长安大学,2014.XU Yaqi. Highway Tunnel Back Lighting Design and Implementation[D]. Xi’an:Chang’an University,2014.
[5]王志伟.公路隧道照明系统节能技术研究[D].南昌:华东交通大学,2011.WANG Zhiwei. Study on Energy-Saving Technology of Highway Tunnel Lighting System[D].Nanchang:East China Jiaotong University,2011.
[6]中华人民共和国交通运输部.公路隧道照明设计细则:JTG/TD70/2-01—2014[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2014.Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China. Guidelines for Design of Lighting of Highway Tunnels:JTG/TD70/2-01—2014[S]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2014.
[7]何世永,梁波,罗红.不同隧道侧壁涂料对汽车司机视觉反应的研究[J].现代隧道技术,2017,54(1):48-54.HE Shiyong,LIANG Bo,LUO Hong. On a driver’s reaction to different coatings on tunnel sidewalls[J]. Modern Tunnel Technology,2017,54(1):48-54.
[8]张青文,陈仲林,胡英奎,等.光源色温对隧道及道路照明视觉功效影响的研究[J].照明工程学报,2008,19(2):24-29.ZHANG Qingwen,CHEN Zhonglin,HU Yingkui,et al. Study on the influence of lighting source color temperature on visual performance in tunnel and road lighting[J]. China Illuminating Engineering Journal,2008,19(2):24-29.
[9]居家奇,陈大华,林燕丹.照明的非视觉生物效应及其实践意义[J].照明工程学报,2009,20(1):25-28.JU Jiaqi,CHEN Dahua,LIN Yandan. The non-visual biological effect of lighting and its practical meaning[J]. China Illuminating Engineering Journal,2009,20(1):25-28.
[10]徐昕.基于光生物效应与小目标视觉感知的隧道照明研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017.XU Xin. Research on Tunnel Lighting Based on Photobiological Effects and Visual Perception of Small Target[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2017.
[11]李福生.基于小目标可见度STV的LED路灯视觉研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2011.LI Fusheng. LED Vision Research Based on Small Target Visibility[D].Shanghai:Fudan University,2011.
[12] ELOHOLMA M,VIIKARI M,HALONEN L,et al. Mesopic models from brightness matching to visual performance in night-time driving:a review[J]. Lighting Research&Technology,2005,37(37):155-173.
[13]朱绍龙.视觉与夜间道路照明[J].灯与照明,2001,25(5):11-13.ZHU Shaolong. Vision and road lighting in night[J]. Light&Lighting,2001,25(5):11-13.
[14] WOLFE B,DOBRES J,ROSENHOLTZ R,et al. More than the useful field:considering peripheral vision in driving[J]. Applied Ergonomics,2017,65:316-325.
[15]ANSI/IESNA. American National Standard Practice for Roadway Lighting(RP-8-00)[S]. New York:Illominating Engineering Society of North America,2000.
[16]梁波,崔璐璐,陈蔚,等.基于S/P值的隧道蓄反光侧壁材料辅助节能照明的光学性能试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2016,53(6):196-201.LIANG Bo,CUI Lulu,CHEN Wei,et al. S/P value-based optical performance study of light-storing and reflective side wall applied material for auxiliary energy-saving lighting in tunnels[J]. Modern Tunnel Technology,2016,53(6):196-201.
[17]ADRIAN W. Visibility of target:model for calculation[J]. Lighting Research&Technology,1989,21(4):181-188.