五行医学流变述要
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摘要
五行医学的发展分为天地五行阶段、三才五行阶段、四时五行阶段、大论五行阶段、易水学派阶段等五个阶段。由《黄帝内经》朴素的分类五行医学体系,到《难经》的生克五行,再到《中藏经》的五行虚实体系,至易水学派对五行医学进行总结,其间发展及应用从未中断,且历来为众医家所重视。相对于阴阳医学,五行医学有其独特的特点,以五脏为基础,善治内伤,在疾病预防、整体调理等方面有其独特的优势。但由于五行医学涉及内容较多,且不同五行思维指导下的五行体系相互混杂、互相矛盾,给解读增加了一定的困难,因此,历来为医家重视而难有突破。宋以前,五行医学相较于阴阳医学为胜,宋以后,由于仲景伤寒之学应用广泛,阴阳医学应用渐广,五行医学的应用越来越少,但五行医学的价值是不容否认的。
The development of five elements medicine can be divided into five stages: the stage of five elements of heaven and earth,the stage of five elements of triple treasure,the stage of five elements of four seasons,the stage of five elements of great popularity,the stage of the school of Book of Changes. From the simple classification of the five elements medical system in Huangdi's Canon of Medicine to the five elements of generation and restriction in Difficult Classic,to the five elements virtual entity system in central treasury canon,to the summary of the school of Book of Changes,the development and application of the five elements medicine has never stopped,and has always been valued by many physicians. Compared with yin-yang medicine,five elements medicine has its own unique characteristics. It is based on the five-zang organs and can treat internal injuries well.It has its own unique advantages in disease prevention and overall treatment. However,due to the fact that there are many contents involved in the five elements medicine,and that the five elements system under the guidance of different five elements thinking is mixed and contradictory,which adds some difficulties to the interpretation,so it has always been difficult for doctors to attach importance to it and make breakthroughs. Before the Song Dynasty,the five elements medicine was more popular than yinyang medicine. After the Song Dynasty,because of the extensive application of Zhang Zhong-jing's Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases,the application of yin-yang medicine became wider and wider,and the application of the five elements medicine became less and less. However,the value of the five elements medicine cannot be denied.
The development of five elements medicine can be divided into five stages: the stage of five elements of heaven and earth,the stage of five elements of triple treasure,the stage of five elements of four seasons,the stage of five elements of great popularity,the stage of the school of Book of Changes. From the simple classification of the five elements medical system in Huangdi's Canon of Medicine to the five elements of generation and restriction in Difficult Classic,to the five elements virtual entity system in central treasury canon,to the summary of the school of Book of Changes,the development and application of the five elements medicine has never stopped,and has always been valued by many physicians. Compared with yin-yang medicine,five elements medicine has its own unique characteristics. It is based on the five-zang organs and can treat internal injuries well.It has its own unique advantages in disease prevention and overall treatment. However,due to the fact that there are many contents involved in the five elements medicine,and that the five elements system under the guidance of different five elements thinking is mixed and contradictory,which adds some difficulties to the interpretation,so it has always been difficult for doctors to attach importance to it and make breakthroughs. Before the Song Dynasty,the five elements medicine was more popular than yinyang medicine. After the Song Dynasty,because of the extensive application of Zhang Zhong-jing's Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases,the application of yin-yang medicine became wider and wider,and the application of the five elements medicine became less and less. However,the value of the five elements medicine cannot be denied.
引文
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[2]黄帝内经素问[M].田代华,整理.北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:33,30,25,22,46,153,26,74,37,176.
[3]湖北省文物考古研究所.张家山汉墓竹简[M].北京:文物出版社,2001:145-146.
[4]湖北省文物考古研究所.随州孔家坡汉墓简牍[M].北京:文物出版社,2006:77-78.
[5]难经[M].刘渊,吴潜智,整理.北京:中国中医药出版社,2014:2-3,5-6,43,45-46,46,36-37,7-9.
[6]董仲舒.春秋繁露[M].北京:中华书局,2004:605-629.
[7]王叔和.脉经[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:17-22.
[8]胡愔.黄庭内景五脏六腑补泻图[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2016:36.
[9]张继禹.服气精义论[M].北京:华夏出版社,2004:188.
[10]张元素.医学启源[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2014:75-88.