青海省独立型岩金矿选冶技术现状和研究进展
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摘要
青海省地域辽阔,矿产资源丰富。近10年来,金矿地质找矿取得重大突破,在东昆仑等区域发现青海省的"金腰带",促进了青海省黄金产业的发展。为了进一步实现青海省金矿资源的高效、综合开发利用,对青海省黄金行业矿产资源信息和各黄金生产企业状况进行了收集、整理,并查阅了大量文献资料,对青海省岩金矿产资源的分布、特点、金资源量、已开发的岩金矿石类型、选冶工艺、生产指标和研发平台等有了系统了解。重点介绍了青海省难处理金矿浮选、浮选尾矿环保提金、金精矿生物预氧化和中温中压预氧化的最新研究成果。指出了青海省岩金矿开发研究和产业发展的方向,即加强工艺矿物学研究、选矿厂流程考察诊断和绿色矿山建设,从而实现矿产资源的综合、高效、循环、节约利用以及矿业开发与生态文明建设协调发展。
Qinghai Province has a vast territory and rich mineral resources.Great breakthroughs have been made in gold mine geological prospecting over the last decade.The"gold belt"of Qinghai Province has been found in east Kunlun and other areas,which has promoted the development of the gold industry in Qinghai Province.In order to further implement the comprehensive,efficient,circular and economical utilization of mineral resources in Qinghai Province,collected and sorted out information of the gold industry mineral resources and the production status of major gold enterprises,also consulted a large number of literature materials,so that understand the distribution,characteristics,amount of gold resources,types of developed rock gold mines,flotation-metallurgical process,production index and research and development platform of rock gold mineral resources in Qinghai Province. This paper mainly introduce the latest research results of the refractory gold mines flotation,flotation tailings environmental gold extraction,biological pre-oxidation and medium temperature medium voltage pre-oxidation of gold concentrate in Qinghai Province. At the same time,the direction of the development of research and industry development was proposed,that is strengthen the study of technological mineralogy,the process investigation and diagnosis of concentration plant,the construction of green mines and so achieve comprehensive,efficient,circular and economical utilization of mineral resources,as well as coordinated development of mining development and ecological civilization.
Qinghai Province has a vast territory and rich mineral resources.Great breakthroughs have been made in gold mine geological prospecting over the last decade.The"gold belt"of Qinghai Province has been found in east Kunlun and other areas,which has promoted the development of the gold industry in Qinghai Province.In order to further implement the comprehensive,efficient,circular and economical utilization of mineral resources in Qinghai Province,collected and sorted out information of the gold industry mineral resources and the production status of major gold enterprises,also consulted a large number of literature materials,so that understand the distribution,characteristics,amount of gold resources,types of developed rock gold mines,flotation-metallurgical process,production index and research and development platform of rock gold mineral resources in Qinghai Province. This paper mainly introduce the latest research results of the refractory gold mines flotation,flotation tailings environmental gold extraction,biological pre-oxidation and medium temperature medium voltage pre-oxidation of gold concentrate in Qinghai Province. At the same time,the direction of the development of research and industry development was proposed,that is strengthen the study of technological mineralogy,the process investigation and diagnosis of concentration plant,the construction of green mines and so achieve comprehensive,efficient,circular and economical utilization of mineral resources,as well as coordinated development of mining development and ecological civilization.
引文
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[4]聂树人,邢国忠,魏锦萍,等.青海省岩金矿及其选冶[J].青海地质科技情报,1997(1):9-24.Nie Shuren,Xing Guozhong,Wei Jinping,et al. Rock gold mine and its beneficiation and metallurgy in Qinghai Province[J].Qinghai Geological Science and Technology Information,1997(1):9-24.
[5]王凤林,肖小强,陈世顺.青海沟里地区金矿地质特征及找矿前景[J].黄金科学技术,2011,19(4):45-48.Wang Fenglin,Xiao Xiaoqiang,Chen Shishun. Geological characteristics and prospecting of Gouli area gold mine,Qinghai Province[J].Gold Science and Technology,2011,19(4):45-48.
[6]邢晴晴,杨长平,任琪.青海某金矿选矿厂扩能改造实践[J].黄金科学技术,2015,23(4):52-55.Xing Qingqing,Yang Changping,Ren Qi. Practice of capacity expansion and remould in a gold ore dressing plant in Qinghai Province[J]. Gold Science and Technology,2015,23(4):52-56.
[7]肖晓林.青海松树南沟金矿矿床成因成矿预测及选矿关键技术研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.Xiao Xiaolin. Research on Metallogenic Prediction and Key Technology of Mineral Dressing of South Songshugou Gold Deposit in Qinghai[D]. Chendu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.
[8]晏明义.青海省门源县松树南沟金矿矿山开发实践[J].四川地质学报,2012,9(增2):256-260.Yan Mingyi. Mining practice of south Songshugou gold mine in Menyuan County,Qinghai Province[J]. Acta Geologica Sichuan,2012,9(Supp.2):256-260.
[9]李飞,陈自强.青海高原地区某金矿闪速浮选可行性研究[J].黄金科学技术,2017,25(5):80-84.Li Fei,Chen Ziqiang. The feasibility study of flash flotation of a gold mine in Qinghai plateau[J]. Gold Science and Technology,2017,25(5):80-84.
[10]邢晴晴,明平田,徐晓萍.某微细粒难选金矿浮选尾矿无氰提金工艺及流程诊断[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2018(1):48-54.Xing Qingqing,Ming Pingtian,Xu Xiaoping. Non-cyanide gold extraction process and process diagnosis on flotation tailings of micro-fine refractory gold ore[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section),2018(1):48-54.
[11]朱昌河,明平田,方宏树,等.青海某金矿浮选尾矿环保提金试验研究及实践[J].矿产综合利用,2016(4):85-89.Zhu Changhe,Ming Pingtian,Fang Hongshu,et al. Research and practice on mineral environmental processing technologies for a gold flotation tailings from Qinghai Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2016(4):85-89.
[12]谭希发.难处理金矿的热压氧化预处理技术[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2012(9):38-43.Tan Xifa. Pressure oxidation pretreatment technology on refractory gold ore[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2012(9):38-43.
[13]郝福来,张谷平,苏本臣,等.生物氧化工艺在寒冷地区的工业应用[J].黄金,2011,32(11):38-43.Hao Fulai,Zhang Guping,Su Benchen,et al. Industrial application of biological oxidation technology in cold area[J].Gold,2011,32(11):38-43.
[14]黄怀国,张卿,林鸿汉.难选冶金矿提取工艺工业应用现状[J].黄金科学技术,2013,21(1):71-77.Huang Huaiguo,Zhang Qing,Lin Honghan. Research and application status of extraction technology for the refractory gold ore[J]. Gold Science and Technology,2013,21(1):71-77.
[15]黄中省,伍赠玲,邹刚,等.难处理金精矿生物氧化——氰化炭浸法提金试验[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2011(3):34-38.Huang Zhongsheng,Wu Zengling,Zou Gang,et al.Experiment research on bacterial oxidation-cyanidation CIL gold extraction for refractory gold concentrates[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2011(3):34-38.
[16]殷璐,金哲男,杨洪英,等.我国黄金资源综合利用现状与展望[J].黄金科学技术,2018,26(2):17-24.Yin Lu,Jin Zhenan,Yang Hongying,et al.Present situation and forecast of gold resources utilization in China[J].Gold Science and Technology,2018,26(2):17-24.
[17]刘舒飞,王庆飞,李亮,等.中国黄金产业现状及对策建议[J].资源与产业,2016,18(4):98-102.Liu Shufei,Wang Qingfei,Li Liang,et al. Situation and suggestions of China’s gold resource industry[J]. Resources and Industry,2016,18(4):98-102.
[2]中华人民共和国自然资源部.青海省地质勘查找矿的“金腰带”始露“峥嵘”[EB/OL].https://www.mlr.gov.cn/kczygl/201010/t20101022_786376.htm.2010-10-22.Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China. The“golden belt”of Qinghai Province geological exploration and prospecting is begining to emerge[EB/OL]. https://www. mlr. gov. cn/kczygl/201010/t20101022_786376.htm.2010-10-22.
[3]刘增铁,任家琪,杨永征,等.青海金矿[M].北京:地质出版社,2005:28-32.Liu Zengtie,Ren Jiaqi,Yang Yongzheng,et al. Qinghai Gold Mine[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2005:28-32.
[4]聂树人,邢国忠,魏锦萍,等.青海省岩金矿及其选冶[J].青海地质科技情报,1997(1):9-24.Nie Shuren,Xing Guozhong,Wei Jinping,et al. Rock gold mine and its beneficiation and metallurgy in Qinghai Province[J].Qinghai Geological Science and Technology Information,1997(1):9-24.
[5]王凤林,肖小强,陈世顺.青海沟里地区金矿地质特征及找矿前景[J].黄金科学技术,2011,19(4):45-48.Wang Fenglin,Xiao Xiaoqiang,Chen Shishun. Geological characteristics and prospecting of Gouli area gold mine,Qinghai Province[J].Gold Science and Technology,2011,19(4):45-48.
[6]邢晴晴,杨长平,任琪.青海某金矿选矿厂扩能改造实践[J].黄金科学技术,2015,23(4):52-55.Xing Qingqing,Yang Changping,Ren Qi. Practice of capacity expansion and remould in a gold ore dressing plant in Qinghai Province[J]. Gold Science and Technology,2015,23(4):52-56.
[7]肖晓林.青海松树南沟金矿矿床成因成矿预测及选矿关键技术研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.Xiao Xiaolin. Research on Metallogenic Prediction and Key Technology of Mineral Dressing of South Songshugou Gold Deposit in Qinghai[D]. Chendu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.
[8]晏明义.青海省门源县松树南沟金矿矿山开发实践[J].四川地质学报,2012,9(增2):256-260.Yan Mingyi. Mining practice of south Songshugou gold mine in Menyuan County,Qinghai Province[J]. Acta Geologica Sichuan,2012,9(Supp.2):256-260.
[9]李飞,陈自强.青海高原地区某金矿闪速浮选可行性研究[J].黄金科学技术,2017,25(5):80-84.Li Fei,Chen Ziqiang. The feasibility study of flash flotation of a gold mine in Qinghai plateau[J]. Gold Science and Technology,2017,25(5):80-84.
[10]邢晴晴,明平田,徐晓萍.某微细粒难选金矿浮选尾矿无氰提金工艺及流程诊断[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2018(1):48-54.Xing Qingqing,Ming Pingtian,Xu Xiaoping. Non-cyanide gold extraction process and process diagnosis on flotation tailings of micro-fine refractory gold ore[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section),2018(1):48-54.
[11]朱昌河,明平田,方宏树,等.青海某金矿浮选尾矿环保提金试验研究及实践[J].矿产综合利用,2016(4):85-89.Zhu Changhe,Ming Pingtian,Fang Hongshu,et al. Research and practice on mineral environmental processing technologies for a gold flotation tailings from Qinghai Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2016(4):85-89.
[12]谭希发.难处理金矿的热压氧化预处理技术[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2012(9):38-43.Tan Xifa. Pressure oxidation pretreatment technology on refractory gold ore[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2012(9):38-43.
[13]郝福来,张谷平,苏本臣,等.生物氧化工艺在寒冷地区的工业应用[J].黄金,2011,32(11):38-43.Hao Fulai,Zhang Guping,Su Benchen,et al. Industrial application of biological oxidation technology in cold area[J].Gold,2011,32(11):38-43.
[14]黄怀国,张卿,林鸿汉.难选冶金矿提取工艺工业应用现状[J].黄金科学技术,2013,21(1):71-77.Huang Huaiguo,Zhang Qing,Lin Honghan. Research and application status of extraction technology for the refractory gold ore[J]. Gold Science and Technology,2013,21(1):71-77.
[15]黄中省,伍赠玲,邹刚,等.难处理金精矿生物氧化——氰化炭浸法提金试验[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2011(3):34-38.Huang Zhongsheng,Wu Zengling,Zou Gang,et al.Experiment research on bacterial oxidation-cyanidation CIL gold extraction for refractory gold concentrates[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2011(3):34-38.
[16]殷璐,金哲男,杨洪英,等.我国黄金资源综合利用现状与展望[J].黄金科学技术,2018,26(2):17-24.Yin Lu,Jin Zhenan,Yang Hongying,et al.Present situation and forecast of gold resources utilization in China[J].Gold Science and Technology,2018,26(2):17-24.
[17]刘舒飞,王庆飞,李亮,等.中国黄金产业现状及对策建议[J].资源与产业,2016,18(4):98-102.Liu Shufei,Wang Qingfei,Li Liang,et al. Situation and suggestions of China’s gold resource industry[J]. Resources and Industry,2016,18(4):98-102.