凉山州艾滋病重点地区中学生吸烟现状及影响因素
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摘要
目的研究凉山州艾滋病重点地区中学生吸烟状况及影响因素,为对其进行行为干预提供决策依据。方法根据凉山州地区艾滋病流行状况,在重点地区所有中学中随机抽样确定调查点。自制调查问卷,问卷内容包括人口学特征、吸烟行为、学校教育状况、家庭环境、家庭有无吸毒者或HIV感染者等。通过单因素和多因素分析影响凉山州艾滋病重点地区中学生吸烟状态的危险因素。结果尝试吸烟、现在吸烟、重度吸烟、≤13岁吸烟的报告率分别为33.4%、21.3%、5.0%和16.8%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男生、高中生、自评学习成绩差、自评家庭经济条件为下、居住乡镇或农村、自报家庭有吸毒者和自报家庭有HIV感染者是尝试吸烟的危险因素;男生、少数民族、自评学习成绩为中、家庭结构残缺、自评家庭经济条件为上或中、自报家庭有吸毒者和自报家庭有HIV感染者是现在吸烟的危险因素;男生、高中生、自评学习成绩为中或差、居住乡镇或农村和自报家庭有吸毒者是重度吸烟的危险因素;男生、家庭结构残缺、自评学习成绩为中等、自评家庭经济条件为上或中、自报家庭有吸毒者和自报家庭有HIV感染者是≤13岁吸烟的危险因素。结论凉山州艾滋病重点地区中学生吸烟报告率较高,初次吸烟年龄较小。学校控制吸烟教育要更多的关注男生、少数民族、高年级、居住农村或乡镇、成绩较差、家庭有吸毒者和有HIV感染者的学生。
Objective To determine the prevalence and determinants of smoking in middle school students in priority areas for HIV control in Liangshan of Sichuan Province.Methods Students were randomly selected in all of the schools located in the priority areas for HIV control in Liangshan.A questionnaire survey was conducted,collecting data in relation to socio-demographic characteristics of the participants,their smoking behavior,drug abuse in family members,and HIV infections in family members.Risk factors associated with smoking were identified using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses.Results About 21.3% of respondents were smoking at the time of survey;33.4% attempted smoking;5% were heavy smokers;and 16.8% started smoking before 13 years old.The Logistic regression analysis identified male gender,senior high school students,poor academic records,low household income,rural residency,family drug abuse and HIV infections as predictors of attempted smoking.Male gender,minority ethnicity,average academic records,broken family,medium and high household income,family drug abuse and HIV infections were identified as predictors of smoking.Male gender,senior high school students,low or medium academic records,rural residency,and family drug abuse were identified as predictors of heavy smoking.Male gender,broken family,average academic records,medium or high household income,family drug abuse and HIV infections were associated with smoking before thirteen.Conclusions Smoking rate in middle school students in the priority areas for HIV control in Liangshan is high.They start smoking at a young age.School smoking control programs should place priorities on those who are in the groups of boys,minority ethnicity,senior high school students,rural residency,poor academic records,and those with family drug abuse and HIV infections.
Objective To determine the prevalence and determinants of smoking in middle school students in priority areas for HIV control in Liangshan of Sichuan Province.Methods Students were randomly selected in all of the schools located in the priority areas for HIV control in Liangshan.A questionnaire survey was conducted,collecting data in relation to socio-demographic characteristics of the participants,their smoking behavior,drug abuse in family members,and HIV infections in family members.Risk factors associated with smoking were identified using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses.Results About 21.3% of respondents were smoking at the time of survey;33.4% attempted smoking;5% were heavy smokers;and 16.8% started smoking before 13 years old.The Logistic regression analysis identified male gender,senior high school students,poor academic records,low household income,rural residency,family drug abuse and HIV infections as predictors of attempted smoking.Male gender,minority ethnicity,average academic records,broken family,medium and high household income,family drug abuse and HIV infections were identified as predictors of smoking.Male gender,senior high school students,low or medium academic records,rural residency,and family drug abuse were identified as predictors of heavy smoking.Male gender,broken family,average academic records,medium or high household income,family drug abuse and HIV infections were associated with smoking before thirteen.Conclusions Smoking rate in middle school students in the priority areas for HIV control in Liangshan is high.They start smoking at a young age.School smoking control programs should place priorities on those who are in the groups of boys,minority ethnicity,senior high school students,rural residency,poor academic records,and those with family drug abuse and HIV infections.
引文
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[7]龚煜汉,王启兴,南磊,等.四川省凉山州2007~2012年各类人群HIV检出情况分析.现代预防医学,2014,41(20):3790-3792.
[8]季成叶.中国城市青少年健康危险行为调查报告(2005年).北京:北京大学出版社,2007:35-42.
[9]星一,季成叶,潘永平,等.北京市中学生使用烟草、酒精等成瘾性物质状况.中国学校卫生,2005,26(1):18-19.
[10]罗海燕.南京市中学生吸烟状况分析.江苏卫生保健,2010,12(6):48-49.
[11]陶芳标,高茗,马淑芳,等.13岁前吸烟饮酒与中学生多种危害健康行为的关系.中国学校卫生,2004,25(1):12-14.
[12]闫丽,覃玉,段佳丽,等.中、东部地区中学生吸烟现状及相关因素分析.东南大学学报(医学版),2014,33(6):728-733.
[2]BUSH T,RICHARDSON L,KATON W,et al.Anxiety and depressive disorders are associated with smoking in adolescents with asthma.J Adolesc Health,2007,40(5):425-432.
[3]MERRICK TM,张莹,田本淳,等.中国初中生饮酒行为与其它健康危害行为的关系.中国学校卫生,2008,29(5):409-411.
[4]ZHANG X,LI Y,ZHANG Q,et al.Smoking and its risk factors in Chinese elementary and middle school students:a nationally representative sample study.Addict Behav,2014,39(5):837-841.
[5]王绍华,张镇权.北京市延庆县青少年吸烟行为及影响因素分析.中国公共卫生,2012,28(5):670-672.
[6]ETZEL RA.Indoor and outdoor air pollution:tobacco smoke,moulds and diseases in infants and children.Int J Hyg Envir Heal,2007,210(5):611-616.
[7]龚煜汉,王启兴,南磊,等.四川省凉山州2007~2012年各类人群HIV检出情况分析.现代预防医学,2014,41(20):3790-3792.
[8]季成叶.中国城市青少年健康危险行为调查报告(2005年).北京:北京大学出版社,2007:35-42.
[9]星一,季成叶,潘永平,等.北京市中学生使用烟草、酒精等成瘾性物质状况.中国学校卫生,2005,26(1):18-19.
[10]罗海燕.南京市中学生吸烟状况分析.江苏卫生保健,2010,12(6):48-49.
[11]陶芳标,高茗,马淑芳,等.13岁前吸烟饮酒与中学生多种危害健康行为的关系.中国学校卫生,2004,25(1):12-14.
[12]闫丽,覃玉,段佳丽,等.中、东部地区中学生吸烟现状及相关因素分析.东南大学学报(医学版),2014,33(6):728-733.