陕西镇坪双河口铌矿床地质地球化学特征与成因探讨
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摘要
为深入认识陕西双河口铌矿床的赋矿特征与矿床成因,本文进行详细的岩石学、矿物学、矿床地球化学研究。结合该区域已有的研究成果,认为镇坪双河口铌矿床是以铌为主的大型矿床,该矿床赋矿地层为奥陶系-志留系斑鸠关组,控矿构造为北西向次级断裂带,赋矿岩石以黑云母粗面岩为主,热液蚀变发育,铌矿化与钠长石化、钠铁闪石化、黑云母化关系密切。矿区粗面质火山岩富碱质,具有Eu负异常,含矿粗面岩富钠、轻稀土元素。矿床成因类型为岩浆热液型,早期岩浆结晶分异初步富集铌-稀土元素,岩浆期后碱质交代作用进一步富集成矿。
In order to further understanding the mineralization characteristics and genesis of the Shuanghekou Nb deposit in Zhenping county,Shaanxi,we have made a detailed study on the petrology,mineralogy,and geochemistry of this area. In combination with the existing research results in this region,we suggest that this is a large-scale deposit dominated by niobium. The ore-bearing strata are Banjiuguan Formation of Ordovisn-Silurisn Systems. The ore controlling structure is a northwest trending secondary fault zone. The ore is dominated by biotite trachyte type niobium iron. The ore-hosting rock is biotite trachyte. The deposit developed a series of hydrothermal alteration. The Nb mineralization is closely related to the albitization and biotitization. The trachyte belongs to shoshonitic series with an Eu negative anomaly and is rich in light rare earth elements and Na_2O. The deposit is magmatic hydrothermal-type in genesis. The magma in the early stage of crystallization and differentiation processes had a preliminary enrichment of niobium-rare earth elements,while the later stage was further enriched and concentrated in ore-formation by alkali metasomatic alteration.
In order to further understanding the mineralization characteristics and genesis of the Shuanghekou Nb deposit in Zhenping county,Shaanxi,we have made a detailed study on the petrology,mineralogy,and geochemistry of this area. In combination with the existing research results in this region,we suggest that this is a large-scale deposit dominated by niobium. The ore-bearing strata are Banjiuguan Formation of Ordovisn-Silurisn Systems. The ore controlling structure is a northwest trending secondary fault zone. The ore is dominated by biotite trachyte type niobium iron. The ore-hosting rock is biotite trachyte. The deposit developed a series of hydrothermal alteration. The Nb mineralization is closely related to the albitization and biotitization. The trachyte belongs to shoshonitic series with an Eu negative anomaly and is rich in light rare earth elements and Na_2O. The deposit is magmatic hydrothermal-type in genesis. The magma in the early stage of crystallization and differentiation processes had a preliminary enrichment of niobium-rare earth elements,while the later stage was further enriched and concentrated in ore-formation by alkali metasomatic alteration.
引文
Chao Hui-xia,Su Sheng-rui,Yang Xing-ke,Yao Wei-hua,Cao Jie,Wu Xu.2016.Research on the geological characteristics of the Miaoya REE deposit,Hubei Province[J].Earth Science Frontiers(China University of Geosciences(Beijing);Peking University),23(4):102-108(in Chinese with English abstract)
Chen Pu-pu.2015.The petrogenesis,geochemistry and genesis of volcanic rock in Zhujiayuan of Pingli county,Shaanxi Province[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing):1-70(in Chinese with English abstract)
Deng Sheng-bo,Wang Wei-hong,Wang Xian-jun.2003.The geological characteristics of the alkali-intermediate rocks and their ore-bearing(columbotantalite)features in the Ziyang,Langao areas[J].Geology of Shaanxi,21(2):19-32(in Chinese with English abstract)
Duan Xiang-yi,Wang Hai-yuan.2007.Geological and geochemical characteristics of the Nb deposit in some area of Ankang,Shaanxi[J].Mineral Resources and Geology,21(6):657-661(in Chinese with English abstract)
Huang Yue-hua,Ren You-xiang,Xia Lin-qi Xia Zu-chun,Zhang Cheng.1992.Early Palaeozoic bimodal igneous suite on Northern Daba Mountains-Gaotan diabase and Haoping trachyte as examples[J].Acta Petrological Sinica,8(3):243-256(in Chinese with English abstract)
Jia Run-xing,He Ying,Guo Jian,Lin Yuan,Song Hua-ping.2004.Geochemical characteristics of rare metal and REE subvolcanic alkaline rock in Hongyang area,Zhenping,Shaanxi[J].Geology and Prospecting,40(5):56-60(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li Shi.1991.Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Shaxiongdong carbonatite complex,Hubei Province[J].Geochimica,40(5):56-60(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Wan-liang,Liu Cheng-xin,Yang Cheng,Wan Jun,Cehen Mi,Guo Pan,Liu Hong-xian,Zhu Zhengyong.2015.Geological characteristics and prospecting potential of niobium ore of Tianbao area,Zhuxi,Southern Qinling[J].Resources Environment and Engineering,29(6):779-784(in Chinese with English abstract)
Middlemost E A K.1985.Magmas and magmatic rocks:An introduction to igneous petrology[M].London:Longman:1-266
Peccerillo A,Taylor S R.1976.Geochemistry of Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area,northern Turkey[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,58(1):63-81
Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey.2017.Regional geology of China·Shaanxi Province[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House:486-487
Wan Jun,Liu Cheng-xin,Yang Cheng,Liu Wan-liang,Li Xiong-wei,Fu Xiao-juan,Liu Hong-xian.2016.Geochemical characteristics and LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of the trachytic volcanic rocks in Zhushan area of Southern Qinling Mountains and their significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,35(7):1134-1143(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Gang,Wang Zong-qi,Zhang Ying-li,Wang Kun-ming.2014.Mineral chemistry characteristics of biotite in trachyte from Ziyang area in North Daba Mountains and its genetic significance[J].Acta Mieralogica Sinica,34(03):343-350(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Shuai-jun,Chen Zhi-wen,Jiang Chen,Chen Hao,Xiang Cheng-ye.2016.Geological characteristics and prospecting potential of niobium ore in Zhuxi area,Hubei Province[J].Resources Environment and Engineering,30(6):813-816(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wei Jun-qi,Lu Li,Wu Jian,Bian Zhi-hong.2016.Research on mineral composition and Nb occurrence state of a niobium ore in Zhuxi,Hubei[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2:74-77(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu Feng-xian,Li Hong-wei,Cheng Zhao,Zhu Jin-zhu,Hu Jia-xing.2016.Characteristics of geochemical anomalies of niobium-tantalum mining area in Jiangjiayan of Zhuxi county,Hubei Province[J].Resources Environment and Engineering,30(6):829-834(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang Cheng,Liu Cheng-xin,Liu Wan-liang,Wan Jun,Duan xian-feng,Zhang Zhong.2017.Geochemical characteristics of the trachyte and Nb mineralization process in Tianbao Township Zhuxi County,Southern Qinling[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,36(5):605-618(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang Sui-an,Liu Neng,Liu Wen-ju,Liu Xin-hui,Zheng Jing,Kang Qinqin,Luo Ting.2017.Study on the niobium minerals characteristic of alkaline rock and its genetic mechanism in southeastern Shaanxi[J].Gold Science and Technology,25(2):14-22(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhou Zhen-hua,Che He-wei,Ma Xin-hua,Gao Xu.2017.A preliminary discussion on some important advances of the rare metal deposit[J].Geology and Exploration,52(4):614-626(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhu Jiang,Cheng chang-hong,Wang lian-xun,Peng san-guo,Peng lianhong,Xu ke.2017.Some new knowledge concerning Silurian alkaline magmatism and related Nb-REE mineralization in the Zhushan Region,South Qinling[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,35(5):681-690(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zou Xian-wu,Duan Qi-fa,Tang Chao-yang,Cao Liang,Cui Sen,Zhao Wuqiang,Xia Jie,Wang Lei.2011.SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating and lithogeochemical characteristics of diabase from Zhenping area in North Daba Mountain[J].Geology in China,38(2):281-291(in Chinese with English abstract)
晁会霞,苏生瑞,杨兴科,姚卫华,曹洁,吴旭.2016.湖北庙垭稀土矿床地质特征研究[J].地学前缘(中国地质大学(北京);北京大学),23(4):102-108
陈浦蒲.2015.陕西平利朱家院火山岩岩石学、地球化学及成因探讨[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京):1-70
邓盛波,王炜红,汪显均.2003.紫阳-岚皋地区碱中性岩地质特征及其含矿(铌钽)性研究[J].陕西地质,21(2):19-32
段湘益,王海元.2007.陕西省安康某地区铌矿地质地球化学特征[J].矿产与地质,21(6):657-661
黄月华,任有祥,夏林圻,夏祖春,张诚.1992.北大巴山早古生代双模式火成岩套:以高滩辉绿岩和蒿坪粗面岩为例[J].岩石学报,8(3):243-256
贾润幸,赫英,郭键,林源,宋华平.2004.陕西镇坪洪阳地区碱性次火山岩中稀有稀土元素地球化学特征[J].地质与勘探,40(5):56-60
李石.1991.湖北杀熊洞碳酸盐杂岩体地球化学特征及其成因探讨[J].地球化学,9(3):246-254
刘万亮,刘成新,杨成,万俊,陈觅,郭盼,刘虹显,朱正勇.2015.南秦岭竹溪天宝一带铌矿地质特征及找矿前景分析[J].资源环境与工程,29(6):779-784
陕西省地质调查院.2017.中国区域地质志·陕西志[M].北京:地质出版社:486-487
万俊,刘成新,杨成,刘万亮,李雄伟,付晓娟,刘虹显.2016.南秦岭竹山地区粗面质火山岩地球化学特征、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其大地构造意义[J].地质通报,35(7):1134-1143
王刚,王宗起,张英利,王坤明.2014.北大巴山紫阳地区粗面岩黑云母化学特征及成因意义[J].矿物学报,34(03):343-350
王帅君,陈志文,蒋臣,陈浩,向承业.2016.湖北竹溪地区铌矿地质特征及找矿前景分析[J].资源环境与工程,30(6):813-816
魏均启,鲁力,吴健,边智虹.2016.湖北竹溪县某铌矿矿物组成及Nb的赋存状态[J].矿产综合利用,2:74-77
吴凤贤,李红伟,程钊,朱金柱,胡家兴.2016.湖北省竹溪县蒋家堰铌钽矿区地区化学异常特征[J].资源环境与工程,30(6):829-834
杨成,刘成新,刘万亮,万俊,段先锋,张众.2017.南秦岭竹溪县天宝乡粗面岩地球化学特征与铌成矿[J].岩石矿物学杂志,36(5):605-618
张随安,刘能,刘文菊,刘新会,郑婧,康琴琴,罗婷.2017.陕西东南部碱性岩中含铌矿物特征及其成因机制研究[J].黄金科学技术,25(2):14-22
周振华,车合伟,马星华,高旭.2016.初论稀有金属矿床研究的一些重要进展[J].地质与勘探,52(4):614-626
朱江,程昌红,王连训,彭三国,彭练红,许珂.2017.南秦岭竹山地区早古生代碱性岩浆活动及其相关铌稀土成矿的若干认识[J].岩石矿物学杂志,35(5):681-690
邹先武,段其发,汤朝阳,曹亮,崔森,赵武强,夏杰,王磊.2011.北大巴山镇坪地区辉绿岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学特征[J].中国地质,38(2):281-291
Chen Pu-pu.2015.The petrogenesis,geochemistry and genesis of volcanic rock in Zhujiayuan of Pingli county,Shaanxi Province[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing):1-70(in Chinese with English abstract)
Deng Sheng-bo,Wang Wei-hong,Wang Xian-jun.2003.The geological characteristics of the alkali-intermediate rocks and their ore-bearing(columbotantalite)features in the Ziyang,Langao areas[J].Geology of Shaanxi,21(2):19-32(in Chinese with English abstract)
Duan Xiang-yi,Wang Hai-yuan.2007.Geological and geochemical characteristics of the Nb deposit in some area of Ankang,Shaanxi[J].Mineral Resources and Geology,21(6):657-661(in Chinese with English abstract)
Huang Yue-hua,Ren You-xiang,Xia Lin-qi Xia Zu-chun,Zhang Cheng.1992.Early Palaeozoic bimodal igneous suite on Northern Daba Mountains-Gaotan diabase and Haoping trachyte as examples[J].Acta Petrological Sinica,8(3):243-256(in Chinese with English abstract)
Jia Run-xing,He Ying,Guo Jian,Lin Yuan,Song Hua-ping.2004.Geochemical characteristics of rare metal and REE subvolcanic alkaline rock in Hongyang area,Zhenping,Shaanxi[J].Geology and Prospecting,40(5):56-60(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li Shi.1991.Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Shaxiongdong carbonatite complex,Hubei Province[J].Geochimica,40(5):56-60(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Wan-liang,Liu Cheng-xin,Yang Cheng,Wan Jun,Cehen Mi,Guo Pan,Liu Hong-xian,Zhu Zhengyong.2015.Geological characteristics and prospecting potential of niobium ore of Tianbao area,Zhuxi,Southern Qinling[J].Resources Environment and Engineering,29(6):779-784(in Chinese with English abstract)
Middlemost E A K.1985.Magmas and magmatic rocks:An introduction to igneous petrology[M].London:Longman:1-266
Peccerillo A,Taylor S R.1976.Geochemistry of Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area,northern Turkey[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,58(1):63-81
Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey.2017.Regional geology of China·Shaanxi Province[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House:486-487
Wan Jun,Liu Cheng-xin,Yang Cheng,Liu Wan-liang,Li Xiong-wei,Fu Xiao-juan,Liu Hong-xian.2016.Geochemical characteristics and LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of the trachytic volcanic rocks in Zhushan area of Southern Qinling Mountains and their significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,35(7):1134-1143(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Gang,Wang Zong-qi,Zhang Ying-li,Wang Kun-ming.2014.Mineral chemistry characteristics of biotite in trachyte from Ziyang area in North Daba Mountains and its genetic significance[J].Acta Mieralogica Sinica,34(03):343-350(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Shuai-jun,Chen Zhi-wen,Jiang Chen,Chen Hao,Xiang Cheng-ye.2016.Geological characteristics and prospecting potential of niobium ore in Zhuxi area,Hubei Province[J].Resources Environment and Engineering,30(6):813-816(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wei Jun-qi,Lu Li,Wu Jian,Bian Zhi-hong.2016.Research on mineral composition and Nb occurrence state of a niobium ore in Zhuxi,Hubei[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2:74-77(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu Feng-xian,Li Hong-wei,Cheng Zhao,Zhu Jin-zhu,Hu Jia-xing.2016.Characteristics of geochemical anomalies of niobium-tantalum mining area in Jiangjiayan of Zhuxi county,Hubei Province[J].Resources Environment and Engineering,30(6):829-834(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang Cheng,Liu Cheng-xin,Liu Wan-liang,Wan Jun,Duan xian-feng,Zhang Zhong.2017.Geochemical characteristics of the trachyte and Nb mineralization process in Tianbao Township Zhuxi County,Southern Qinling[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,36(5):605-618(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang Sui-an,Liu Neng,Liu Wen-ju,Liu Xin-hui,Zheng Jing,Kang Qinqin,Luo Ting.2017.Study on the niobium minerals characteristic of alkaline rock and its genetic mechanism in southeastern Shaanxi[J].Gold Science and Technology,25(2):14-22(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhou Zhen-hua,Che He-wei,Ma Xin-hua,Gao Xu.2017.A preliminary discussion on some important advances of the rare metal deposit[J].Geology and Exploration,52(4):614-626(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhu Jiang,Cheng chang-hong,Wang lian-xun,Peng san-guo,Peng lianhong,Xu ke.2017.Some new knowledge concerning Silurian alkaline magmatism and related Nb-REE mineralization in the Zhushan Region,South Qinling[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,35(5):681-690(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zou Xian-wu,Duan Qi-fa,Tang Chao-yang,Cao Liang,Cui Sen,Zhao Wuqiang,Xia Jie,Wang Lei.2011.SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating and lithogeochemical characteristics of diabase from Zhenping area in North Daba Mountain[J].Geology in China,38(2):281-291(in Chinese with English abstract)
晁会霞,苏生瑞,杨兴科,姚卫华,曹洁,吴旭.2016.湖北庙垭稀土矿床地质特征研究[J].地学前缘(中国地质大学(北京);北京大学),23(4):102-108
陈浦蒲.2015.陕西平利朱家院火山岩岩石学、地球化学及成因探讨[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京):1-70
邓盛波,王炜红,汪显均.2003.紫阳-岚皋地区碱中性岩地质特征及其含矿(铌钽)性研究[J].陕西地质,21(2):19-32
段湘益,王海元.2007.陕西省安康某地区铌矿地质地球化学特征[J].矿产与地质,21(6):657-661
黄月华,任有祥,夏林圻,夏祖春,张诚.1992.北大巴山早古生代双模式火成岩套:以高滩辉绿岩和蒿坪粗面岩为例[J].岩石学报,8(3):243-256
贾润幸,赫英,郭键,林源,宋华平.2004.陕西镇坪洪阳地区碱性次火山岩中稀有稀土元素地球化学特征[J].地质与勘探,40(5):56-60
李石.1991.湖北杀熊洞碳酸盐杂岩体地球化学特征及其成因探讨[J].地球化学,9(3):246-254
刘万亮,刘成新,杨成,万俊,陈觅,郭盼,刘虹显,朱正勇.2015.南秦岭竹溪天宝一带铌矿地质特征及找矿前景分析[J].资源环境与工程,29(6):779-784
陕西省地质调查院.2017.中国区域地质志·陕西志[M].北京:地质出版社:486-487
万俊,刘成新,杨成,刘万亮,李雄伟,付晓娟,刘虹显.2016.南秦岭竹山地区粗面质火山岩地球化学特征、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其大地构造意义[J].地质通报,35(7):1134-1143
王刚,王宗起,张英利,王坤明.2014.北大巴山紫阳地区粗面岩黑云母化学特征及成因意义[J].矿物学报,34(03):343-350
王帅君,陈志文,蒋臣,陈浩,向承业.2016.湖北竹溪地区铌矿地质特征及找矿前景分析[J].资源环境与工程,30(6):813-816
魏均启,鲁力,吴健,边智虹.2016.湖北竹溪县某铌矿矿物组成及Nb的赋存状态[J].矿产综合利用,2:74-77
吴凤贤,李红伟,程钊,朱金柱,胡家兴.2016.湖北省竹溪县蒋家堰铌钽矿区地区化学异常特征[J].资源环境与工程,30(6):829-834
杨成,刘成新,刘万亮,万俊,段先锋,张众.2017.南秦岭竹溪县天宝乡粗面岩地球化学特征与铌成矿[J].岩石矿物学杂志,36(5):605-618
张随安,刘能,刘文菊,刘新会,郑婧,康琴琴,罗婷.2017.陕西东南部碱性岩中含铌矿物特征及其成因机制研究[J].黄金科学技术,25(2):14-22
周振华,车合伟,马星华,高旭.2016.初论稀有金属矿床研究的一些重要进展[J].地质与勘探,52(4):614-626
朱江,程昌红,王连训,彭三国,彭练红,许珂.2017.南秦岭竹山地区早古生代碱性岩浆活动及其相关铌稀土成矿的若干认识[J].岩石矿物学杂志,35(5):681-690
邹先武,段其发,汤朝阳,曹亮,崔森,赵武强,夏杰,王磊.2011.北大巴山镇坪地区辉绿岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学特征[J].中国地质,38(2):281-291