辽宁凤城赛马铌矿床成矿岩体地球化学特征及其地质意义
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摘要
赛马铌矿床为辽宁凤城地区新发现的稀土矿床,铌钽矿体主要赋存于灰褐色-草绿色霓霞正长岩中,为查明该矿床特征及成矿背景,对成矿岩体开展岩相学及岩石地球化学研究。岩相学研究表明,该岩体主要以碱性长石(Afs)中的正长石(Or)为主,约占50%,霞石(Ne) 30%,黑云母(Bt) 15%,钠铁闪石(Arf) 3%,霓石2%,岩石蚀变程度较弱,以硅化为主。岩石地球化学分析发现,SiO_2含量集中在55. 86%～63. 80%之间,具有较低的TiO_2含量(0. 36%～0. 64%)和P_2O_5含量(0. 04%～0. 11%),A1_2O_3含量> 15%,偏铝质明显,全碱含量较高(K_2O+Na_2O=9. 72%～15. 51%),且富钾(K_2O/Na_2O=2. 42～3. 64),里特曼指数(σ=[w (K_2O+Na_2O)] 2/[w (SiO_2-43)])为6. 84～17. 10,属富钾、偏铝、过碱系列的正长岩系;岩石中富集Ba、Cs、Rb等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Zr、Ti、Nb等高场强元素(HFSE),明显贫P和Ti,其中,Nb元素含量高达34. 79×10~(-6)～106. 59×10~(-6),其过渡族元素的分布模式曲线为典型的W型,而HFSE中的Th、Pb相对富集,Ti出现明显负异常;稀土元素总量较高,含量差异明显,且轻稀土元素和重稀土元素分馏作用较明显,总含量为0. 34×10~(-6)～946. 00×10~(-6),而重稀土元素(HREE)相对亏损,轻稀土元素(LREE)较富集,LREE/HREE为7. 20～18. 48,(La/Yb)N值较高(7. 56～39. 58),具有较低的(Rb/La)N值(0. 31～1. 14),较高的Nb/Ta值(24. 56～40. 04),没有明显的Sr和Eu异常。这些特征表明,赛马铌矿床成矿岩体形成于后碰撞时期的大陆裂谷环境。
The Saima niobium deposit was a newly discovered REE deposit in Fengcheng area of Liaoning Province. The Ni and Ta ores were mainly reserved in grey-brown and grass-green ijolite syenite bodies. To understand the characteristics and metallogenic background of the deposit,the authors studied the petrography and geo-chemistry of metallogenic rock bodies. Petrographic studies showed that the rock bodies were mainly composed of orthoclase( Or,50%),nepheline( Ne,30%),biotite( Bt,15%),arfvedsonite( Arf,3%) and aegirine( 2%). The rocks underwent weak alteration,which was mainly silicification. Geochemical analysis found that the rocks consist of SiO_2 of 55. 86% ～ 63. 80%,TiO_2 of 0. 36% ～ 0. 64% and P_2 O_5 of 0. 04% ～ 0. 11%. The content of A12 O3 was more than 15%,which was metaluminous. The rocks were also characterized by high total alkali( K_2 O + Na_2 O = 9. 72% ～ 15. 51%) and kalium( K_2 O/Na_2 O = 2. 42 ～ 3. 64),with Rittman index( σ =[w( K_2 O + Na_2 O) ] 2/[w( SiO_2-43) ]) between 6. 84 and 17. 10. Therefore,the rock bodies belong to the syenite series of potassium-rich,aluminum-partial and alkali-rich. The rocks were enriched in Cs,Rb,Ba and other large ions( LILE) elements but depleted in Nb,Zr,Ti and other high field strength elements( HFSE),as well as P and Ti,with Nb of 34. 79 × 10~(-6)～ 106. 59 × 10~(-6). The distribution pattern curve of their transitional elements was typical "W"shape. Th and Pb in HFSE were relatively abundant,but with negative Ti anomaly. The total amount of rare earth elements was high but with obvious variation( 0. 34 × 10~(-6)～ 946. 00 × 10~(-6)),the LREE/HREE was between 7. 20 and 18. 48. The light rare earth elements( LREE) of the rocks were enriched and the heavy rare earth elements( HREE) were depleted,and the fractionation of rare earth elements was obvious. The rocks had higher( La/Yb)N( 7. 56 ～ 39. 58) and Nb/Ta( 24. 56 ～ 40. 04),but lower( Rb/La)N( 0. 31 ～1. 14). There were no obvious Sr and Eu anomalies. The above features indicated that the metallogenic rock bodies of the Saima niobium deposit were formed in the post-collision continental rift environment.
The Saima niobium deposit was a newly discovered REE deposit in Fengcheng area of Liaoning Province. The Ni and Ta ores were mainly reserved in grey-brown and grass-green ijolite syenite bodies. To understand the characteristics and metallogenic background of the deposit,the authors studied the petrography and geo-chemistry of metallogenic rock bodies. Petrographic studies showed that the rock bodies were mainly composed of orthoclase( Or,50%),nepheline( Ne,30%),biotite( Bt,15%),arfvedsonite( Arf,3%) and aegirine( 2%). The rocks underwent weak alteration,which was mainly silicification. Geochemical analysis found that the rocks consist of SiO_2 of 55. 86% ～ 63. 80%,TiO_2 of 0. 36% ～ 0. 64% and P_2 O_5 of 0. 04% ～ 0. 11%. The content of A12 O3 was more than 15%,which was metaluminous. The rocks were also characterized by high total alkali( K_2 O + Na_2 O = 9. 72% ～ 15. 51%) and kalium( K_2 O/Na_2 O = 2. 42 ～ 3. 64),with Rittman index( σ =[w( K_2 O + Na_2 O) ] 2/[w( SiO_2-43) ]) between 6. 84 and 17. 10. Therefore,the rock bodies belong to the syenite series of potassium-rich,aluminum-partial and alkali-rich. The rocks were enriched in Cs,Rb,Ba and other large ions( LILE) elements but depleted in Nb,Zr,Ti and other high field strength elements( HFSE),as well as P and Ti,with Nb of 34. 79 × 10~(-6)～ 106. 59 × 10~(-6). The distribution pattern curve of their transitional elements was typical "W"shape. Th and Pb in HFSE were relatively abundant,but with negative Ti anomaly. The total amount of rare earth elements was high but with obvious variation( 0. 34 × 10~(-6)～ 946. 00 × 10~(-6)),the LREE/HREE was between 7. 20 and 18. 48. The light rare earth elements( LREE) of the rocks were enriched and the heavy rare earth elements( HREE) were depleted,and the fractionation of rare earth elements was obvious. The rocks had higher( La/Yb)N( 7. 56 ～ 39. 58) and Nb/Ta( 24. 56 ～ 40. 04),but lower( Rb/La)N( 0. 31 ～1. 14). There were no obvious Sr and Eu anomalies. The above features indicated that the metallogenic rock bodies of the Saima niobium deposit were formed in the post-collision continental rift environment.
引文
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