黄皮精油对莲雾果实软腐病抑制机理的初探
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摘要
以‘黑金刚’莲雾为试验对象,对莲雾果实采后软腐病病原菌进行了分离纯化,通过从黄皮叶子中提取的精油对软腐病进行抑菌活性测定,研究黄皮精油对菌丝体形态和结构的影响,探讨黄皮精油的抑菌机制。结果表明:不同浓度的黄皮精油对供试的莲雾软腐病均有抑制作用,其中0.6μL/m L浓度下的抑菌率达到60.62%;0.6μL/m L的黄皮精油处理后的菌丝体生长稀疏,分支变少;黄皮精油对病原菌的细胞膜通透性产生了显著影响,可溶性蛋白和还原性糖含量减少,营养物质吸收受阻。综合来看,初步明确了黄皮精油的抗菌机制,其中0.6μL/m L浓度下的抑菌效果最佳。
Taking ‘Heijingang'wax apples as the test object,the soft rot pathogen has been separated and purified after harvesting the wax apple fruit. Based on the testing result of anti-fungal activity of the essential oil( EO) extracted from the foliage of Clausena lansium against soft rot,we analyzed influence of such essence oil on both the form and structure of mycelia to probe into the antibacterial mechanism of essential oil of Clausena lansium. The results showed all essential oil of Clausena lansium of different concentrations displayed antibacterial effects over the testing soft rot and the inhibition rate of 0. 6 μL / m L EO reached 60. 62%. The mycelium processed with 0. 6 μL / m L EO was sparse with less branches. Essential oils of Clausena lansium had significant impacts over the permeability of pathogenic fungus membrane,which reduced the content of soluble protein and reducing sugar and hindered the fungus' s absorption of nutrients. To conclude,we identified the antibacterial mechanism of essential oils of Clausena lansium preliminarily and found 0. 6 μL / m L EO had the best antibacterial effect.
Taking ‘Heijingang'wax apples as the test object,the soft rot pathogen has been separated and purified after harvesting the wax apple fruit. Based on the testing result of anti-fungal activity of the essential oil( EO) extracted from the foliage of Clausena lansium against soft rot,we analyzed influence of such essence oil on both the form and structure of mycelia to probe into the antibacterial mechanism of essential oil of Clausena lansium. The results showed all essential oil of Clausena lansium of different concentrations displayed antibacterial effects over the testing soft rot and the inhibition rate of 0. 6 μL / m L EO reached 60. 62%. The mycelium processed with 0. 6 μL / m L EO was sparse with less branches. Essential oils of Clausena lansium had significant impacts over the permeability of pathogenic fungus membrane,which reduced the content of soluble protein and reducing sugar and hindered the fungus' s absorption of nutrients. To conclude,we identified the antibacterial mechanism of essential oils of Clausena lansium preliminarily and found 0. 6 μL / m L EO had the best antibacterial effect.
引文
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[19]王晶晶.四川猕猴桃软腐病菌的鉴定、遗传多样性及侵染果实后的生理变化研究[D].成都:四川农业大学,2013.
[20]任伟.石蒜碱和小檗碱对植物病原真菌抑制作用及其抑菌生理指标分析[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2014.
[2]黄媛媛.大白菜软腐病发生原因及其防治方法[J].河北省生物研究所,2008,25(4):48-51.
[3]吴新.植物精油对草莓和杨梅果实保鲜的作用及机理研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2010:29-51.
[4]吴金平,刘晓燕,张静柏.一株魔芋软腐病拮抗菌的分离鉴定及其活性物质的研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(24):302-306.
[5]王健.植物精油的提取分离及其对病虫生物活性的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2003.
[6]邢咏梅,李向东,郭顺星.软腐病病原菌对金钗石斛致病性的形态学研究[J].中国医药生物技术,2014,9(3):202-207.
[7]叶滔,马志强,张小风,等.抗戊唑醇禾谷镰孢菌对渗透压敏感性及电导率变化研究[J].华北农学报,2011,26(2):184-189.
[8]谢丽,孙瑞珠,马玉龙,等.利用电导率仪法检测泰乐菌素高效降解菌的生长量[J].湖北农业科学,2012,51(16):3601-3602.
[9]张立微,张景涛,李小梅.芫荽软腐病病原菌分离与鉴定[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015(6):48-51.
[10]王学奎,黄见良.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2015:171-184.
[11]陈前,吴光斌,杨秋明,等.莲雾软腐病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(7):5-10.
[12]郭勇,叶小金,甘炳成,彭卫红.不同温度和光照培养条件下3种食用菌菌丝的菌落及菌丝形态的研究[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(6):2301-2306.
[13]王卿,祁芳斌,陈发兴,等.植物精油对果蔬贮藏保鲜的应用研究进展[J].福建广播电视大学学报,2014(1):89-94.
[14]Lindequist U,et al.The pharmacological potential of mushroom[J].Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2005,2(3):285-299.
[15]Shi ZQ.Inhibition mechanism of osthol to plant fungus pathogens[D].Nanjing Agricultural University,2004.
[16]莫晓凤,冯家望,麦向真,等.进境莲雾果实软腐病的调查与鉴定[J].植物检疫,2000,3(14):148-150.
[17]罗炎华,鲁红学,黄萍.魔芋软腐病研究进展[J].农村经济与科技,2008(5):89-90.
[18]曹建康,蒋微波,赵玉梅.果蔬菜后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2007:101-103.
[19]王晶晶.四川猕猴桃软腐病菌的鉴定、遗传多样性及侵染果实后的生理变化研究[D].成都:四川农业大学,2013.
[20]任伟.石蒜碱和小檗碱对植物病原真菌抑制作用及其抑菌生理指标分析[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2014.