烟台地区引起甜樱桃采后腐烂霉菌的分离鉴定
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摘要
为明确引起烟台地区甜樱桃采后腐烂的主要霉菌,对烟台采后腐烂甜樱桃中的霉菌进行分离,应用内部转录间隔区序列分析方法和形态学观察将分离的霉菌进行鉴定。选出代表性霉菌菌株回接樱桃,进行致腐性检测。结果表明:从烟台不同区县收集的腐烂樱桃中分离出的60株霉菌分属于6个种:燕麦赤霉菌(Gibberella avenacea)、总状毛霉菌(Mucor racemosus)、三线镰刀菌(Fusarium tricinctum)、互生链格孢菌(Alternaria alternate)、奥桑青霉菌(Penicillium polonicum)和烟曲霉菌(Aspergillus fumigatus),其中互生链格孢菌和总状毛霉数量较多,分别为14株和15株。将这些霉菌中的代表菌株重新接回到甜樱桃,均能引起甜樱桃的腐烂。
In order to clarify the dominant mould species causing postharvest decay of sweet cherry in Yantai, spoilage moulds from decayed sweet cherry fruits were screened and identified by internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequence analysis. Typical strains were examined for colonial morphology and then re-inoculated into sweet cherry to test their pathogenicity. A total of 60 moulds were isolated from decayed sweet cherry from different regions of Yantai, and they were assigned to 6 species based on both ITS sequence analysis and morphological identification, Mucor racemosu, Fusarium tricinctum,Alternaria alternate, Penicillium polonicum and Aspergillus fumigatus. The predominant species were Alternaria alternate(14 strains) and Mucor racemosu(15 strains). Compared with naturally decayed sweet cherry, sweet cherries inoculated with moulds were decayed and displayed the same colonial morphology.
In order to clarify the dominant mould species causing postharvest decay of sweet cherry in Yantai, spoilage moulds from decayed sweet cherry fruits were screened and identified by internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequence analysis. Typical strains were examined for colonial morphology and then re-inoculated into sweet cherry to test their pathogenicity. A total of 60 moulds were isolated from decayed sweet cherry from different regions of Yantai, and they were assigned to 6 species based on both ITS sequence analysis and morphological identification, Mucor racemosu, Fusarium tricinctum,Alternaria alternate, Penicillium polonicum and Aspergillus fumigatus. The predominant species were Alternaria alternate(14 strains) and Mucor racemosu(15 strains). Compared with naturally decayed sweet cherry, sweet cherries inoculated with moulds were decayed and displayed the same colonial morphology.
引文
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[31]李加友,褚云峰,陆筑凤,等.饲料发酵耦合黄曲霉毒素B1的生物脱除方法研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(4):59-62.
[32]黄广明,阳艳林.霉菌毒素污染的危害[J].农业知识,2016(18):56-57.
[33]任皓,王金荣,娄鹏,等.饲料中青霉菌类毒素的污染及其检测技术研究[J].饲料博览,2009(6):29-32.
[2]于国合.大樱桃发展前景广阔[J].农技服务,2004(2):4-6.
[3]董维.UV-C对甜樱桃采后腐烂的控制[D].北京:中国农业大学,2003.
[4]凌丹燕,李永强,路梅,等.短柄樱桃干腐病病原菌的鉴定及其生物学特性[J].浙江师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,39(2):200-206.DOI:10.16218/j.issn.1001-5051.2016.02.013.
[5]潘凤荣.甜樱桃栽培技术[J].北方果树,2009(2):36-40.DOI:10.16376/j.cnki.bfgs.2009.02.032.
[6]LONGOBARDI F,VENTRELLA A,BIANCO A,et al.Nontargeted 1H NMR fingerprinting and multivariate statistical analyses for the characterisation of the geographical origin of Italian sweet cherries[J].Food Chemistry,2013,141(3):3028-3033.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.135.
[7]郭海军.甜樱桃设施高效栽培技术(一)[J].果树实用技术与信息,2016(5):19-21.
[8]洪玮,王静,王瑞英,等.甜樱桃设施栽培探讨[J].现代农业科技,2015(18):118-119.
[9]YOO K M,MOHAMAD A F,LEE H J,et al.Antiproliferative effects of cherry juice and wine in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells and their phenolic constituents and antioxidants activities[J].Food Chemistry,2010,123(3):734-740.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.05.043.
[10]YILMAZ K,ERCILSI S,ZENGIN Y,et al.Preliminary characterisation of Cornelian cherry(Cornus mas L.)genotypes for their physico-chemical propertie[J].Food Chemistry,2009,114(2):408-412.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.09.055.
[11]施俊凤,薛梦林,王春生,等.甜樱桃采后生理特性与保鲜技术的研究现状与进展[J].保鲜与加工,2009,9(6):7-10.
[12]IPPOLITO A,SCHENA L,PENTIMONE I,et al.Control of postharvest rots of sweet cherries by pre-and postharvest applications of Aureobasidium pullulans in combination with calcium chloride or sodium bicarbonate[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2005,36(3):245-252.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2005.02.007.
[13]黄贞光,刘聪利,李明,等.近20年国内外甜樱桃产业发展动态及对未来的预测[J].果树学报,2014(增刊1):1-6.
[14]付全娟,魏国芹,孙杨,等.樱桃次生成分及生物活性研究进展[J].北方园艺,2016(7):198-201.
[15]IWEN P,HINRICHS S,RUPP M.Utilization of the internal transcribed spacer regions as molecular targets to detect and identify human fungal pathogens[J].Medical Mycology,2002,40(1):87-109.
[16]张志华,洪葵.核酸序列直接分析在真菌鉴定方面的应用[J].热带生物学报,2006,12(2):39-43.
[17]唐建辉,王伟.西瓜炭疽菌核糖体基因ITS区段的克隆及序列分析[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(9):2566-2568.DOI:10.13989/j.cnki.0517-6611.2007.09.023.
[18]齐修云.大樱桃防冻害的综合管理技术研究[J].福建农业,2015(7):133.
[19]刘海涛.霉菌污染及其防治措施[J].中国实用医药,2007,2(4):98-99.
[20]丁锡强,孙衍晓,高峰,等.烟台市大樱桃生产的气象条件利弊分析及对策研究[J].河北农业科学,2009,13(11):19-22.DOI:10.16318/j.cnki.hbnykx.2009.11.030.
[21]MARI M,MARTIMI C,GUIDARELLI M,et al.Postharvest biocontrol of Monilinia laxa,Monilinia fructicola and Monilinia fructigena on stone fruit by two Aureobasidium pullulansstrains[J].Biological Control,2012,60:132-140.DOI:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.10.013.
[22]武爱波,李和平,张静柏,等.小麦和玉米籽粒赤霉菌产毒类型的PCR检测[J].麦类作物学报,2005,25(5):1-4.
[23]全国小麦赤霉病研究协作组.我国小麦赤霉病穗部镰刀菌种类、分布和致病性[J].上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),1984(3):69-82.
[24]赵远征,刘志恒,李俞涛,等.大樱桃黑斑病病原鉴定及其致病性研究[J].园艺学报,2013,40(8):1560-1566.DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2013.08.001.
[25]苏永腾,刘强.谷物霉菌毒素的危害及其控制措施的研究[J].中国食物与营养,2010(4):9-12.
[26]朱建兰,常永义.樱桃黑色轮斑病的病原菌鉴定及其生物学研究[J].中国果树,2004(3):9-12.DOI:10.16626/j.cnki.issn1000-8047.2004.03.004.
[27]MOSS M,THRANE U.Fusarium taxonomy with relation to trichothecene formation[J].Toxicology Letters,2004,153(1):23-28.DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.021.
[28]KOCH P.State of the art of trichothecenes analysis[J].Toxicology Letters,2004,153(1):109-112.DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.027.
[29]宋蕤,韩舜愈,李敏,等.甘肃河西走廊产区酿酒葡萄产毒霉菌的分离与鉴定[J].食品科学,2014,35(19):189-193.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201419039.
[30]于新,庞杰.柑橘采后青霉毒素的研究[J].食品科学,1998,19(11):11-13.
[31]李加友,褚云峰,陆筑凤,等.饲料发酵耦合黄曲霉毒素B1的生物脱除方法研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(4):59-62.
[32]黄广明,阳艳林.霉菌毒素污染的危害[J].农业知识,2016(18):56-57.
[33]任皓,王金荣,娄鹏,等.饲料中青霉菌类毒素的污染及其检测技术研究[J].饲料博览,2009(6):29-32.