茶黄螨侵害对黄瓜生长和生理特性的影响
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摘要
在温室栽培条件下,研究了茶黄螨侵害对黄瓜叶片质量、相对叶绿素含量、气体交换参数、抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量的影响。结果表明:随着茶黄螨侵害程度的加深,黄瓜叶片明显变厚变脆,单位叶面积鲜重、干重均明显增加,轻度和中度茶黄螨侵害时黄瓜叶片相对叶绿素含量增加,重度茶黄螨侵害时叶片相对叶绿素含量降低;茶黄螨侵害使黄瓜叶片的净光合速率显著降低,并且侵害程度越重,降低越明显;茶黄螨侵害明显增加了叶片抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛、脯氨酸含量,侵害越重,增加越明显。受到茶黄螨侵害时,黄瓜叶片光合机构出现了明显的损伤,胁迫植株通过启动抗氧化酶活性及增加丙二醛和脯氨酸含量来抵抗茶黄螨侵害。
The effects of yellow tea mite invasion on the quality,relative chlorophyll content,gas exchange parameters,antioxidant enzymes activities,malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content of cucumber leaves were studied under greenhouse cultivation conditions. The results showed that with the deepening of yellow tea mite invasion,the cucumber leaves became thicker and crisper,and the fresh and dry weight per unit leaf area increased significantly. The relative chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves increased under mild and moderate yellow tea mite invasion,but decreased under severe invasion. The net photosynthetic rate of cucumber leaves reduced significantly by yellow tea mite invasion,and the more serious the invasion was,the more obvious the decrease was. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of MDA and proline in leaves were significantly increased by yellow tea mite invasion,and the more serious the invasion was,the more obvious the increase was. The photosynthetic system of cucumber leaves was damaged obviously by yellow tea mite invasion.Stressed plants could resist the invasion of yellow tea mite by activating the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increasing the content of MDA and proline.
The effects of yellow tea mite invasion on the quality,relative chlorophyll content,gas exchange parameters,antioxidant enzymes activities,malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content of cucumber leaves were studied under greenhouse cultivation conditions. The results showed that with the deepening of yellow tea mite invasion,the cucumber leaves became thicker and crisper,and the fresh and dry weight per unit leaf area increased significantly. The relative chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves increased under mild and moderate yellow tea mite invasion,but decreased under severe invasion. The net photosynthetic rate of cucumber leaves reduced significantly by yellow tea mite invasion,and the more serious the invasion was,the more obvious the decrease was. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of MDA and proline in leaves were significantly increased by yellow tea mite invasion,and the more serious the invasion was,the more obvious the increase was. The photosynthetic system of cucumber leaves was damaged obviously by yellow tea mite invasion.Stressed plants could resist the invasion of yellow tea mite by activating the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increasing the content of MDA and proline.
引文
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[2]聂克艳,郅军锐.茶黄螨在蔬菜上的发生及防治研究进展[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(11):98-100.
[3]姜玉萍,丁小涛,张兆辉,等.白粉虱侵害对黄瓜光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].上海农业学报,2015,31(5):87-91.
[4]王景雷,倪红娟,尚冬青,等.黄瓜虫害茶黄螨[J].吉林蔬菜,2009(1):41-42.
[5]桂连友,孟国玲.茶黄蜻在黄瓜上的分布及与光照的关系[J].长江蔬菜,1998(9):20.
[6]DING X T,JIANG Y P,WANG H,et al.Effects of cytokinin on photosynthetic gas exchange,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,antioxidative system and carbohydrate accumulation in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)under low light[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2013,35:1427-1438.
[7]CAKMAK I,MARSCHNER H.Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activities of superoxide dismutase ascorbate peroxidase,and glutathione reductase in bean leaves[J].Plant Physiology,1992,98:1222-1227.
[8]HODGES D M,DELONG J M,FORNEY C F,et al.Improving the thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation in plant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interferring compounds[J].Planta,1999,207:604-611.
[9]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:278-279.
[10]康总江,王泽华,石宝才,等.五种杀螨剂对黄瓜茶黄螨的防治效果[J].北方园艺,2015(7):110-112.
[11]DING X T,JIANG Y P,HE L Z,et al.Exogenous glutathione improves high root-zone temperature tolerance by modulating photosynthesis,antioxidant and osmolytes systems in cucumber seedlings[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:35424.
[12]JIANG Y P,DING X T,ZHANG D,et al.Soil salinity increases the tolerance of excessive sulfur fumigation stress in tomato plants[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2017,133:70-77.
[13]张树生,刘忠良,胡蕾.植物体内抗病相关酶与植物抗病性的关系[J].安徽农学通报,2006,13(12):48-49.
[14]TRIPATHY B C,OELMLLER R.Reactive oxygen species generation and signaling in plants[J].Plant Signaling&Behavior,2012,7(12):1621-1633.
[15]尹慧,陈秋明,何秀丽,等.短暂高温对百合植株抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].园艺学报,2007,34(2):509-512.
[16]郝婷,丁小涛,余纪柱,等.丝瓜作砧木对黄瓜幼苗耐热性的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(3):365-371.
[17]ASHRAF M,FOOLAD M R.Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2007,59:206-216.