2007—2017年青岛市李沧区职业病发病特征分析
|
摘要
目的了解青岛市李沧区职业病发病特点,为制定职业病防治策略提供依据。方法收集2007—2017年青岛市李沧区"中国疾病预防控制系统职业病与职业卫生信息"职业病报告病例,从新发病例的年度分布、疾病种类、企业规模与经济类型等方面做描述分析。结果 2007—2017年青岛市李沧区共报告新发职业病127例,职业病病种以职业中毒、尘肺病和铬鼻病为主,分别为40、31和23例。尘肺病发病呈下降趋势,2016—2017年无尘肺发病报告,发病所属企业主要是国有及集体企业;急性职业中毒呈波动性,以一氧化碳中毒和硫化氢中毒为主,发病所属企业以国有企业为主。镉鼻病主要是历史遗留问题。噪声聋出现上升趋势。结论 2007—2017年青岛市李沧区职业病防治形势严峻,噪声聋是今后主要防控重点,应进一步有针对性地加强用人单位噪声环境治理和接害人群的职业健康监护管理。
[Objective]To analyze the characteristics of occupational disease in Licang District of Qingdao City,provide the basis for formulating the guidelines and policies for control of occupational disease.[Methods]The data of occupational disease cases reported in Licang District of Qingdao City from 2007-2017 were collected from China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control,and were analyzed from annual distribution,types of occupational disease,enterprise scale and economic types.[Results]Totally 127 new cases of occupational disease were reported in Licang District of Qingdao City from 2007-2017.Occupational diseases were mainly occupational poisoning,pneumoconiosis and chromium-nasal disease,with 40,31 and 23 cases,respectively. The incidence of pneumoconiosis showed a decreasing trend,there was no pneumoconiosis case reported from 2016-2017,and the patients were mainly in state-owned and collective enterprises. The incidence of acute occupational poisoning was fluctuating,mainly including carbonmonoxide poisoning and hydrogen sulfide poisoning,and most patients were reported in stateowned enterprises. Cadmium nasal disease was mainly a historical problem. The incidence of noise deafness showed a rising trend.[Conclusion]The situation of occupational disease prevention and control is still serious in Licang District of Qingdao City from2007-2017. Noise deafness is the main focus of prevention and control in the future. It is necessary to further strengthen the management of noise environment in enterprises,especially the occupational health surveillance and management of exposure population.
[Objective]To analyze the characteristics of occupational disease in Licang District of Qingdao City,provide the basis for formulating the guidelines and policies for control of occupational disease.[Methods]The data of occupational disease cases reported in Licang District of Qingdao City from 2007-2017 were collected from China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control,and were analyzed from annual distribution,types of occupational disease,enterprise scale and economic types.[Results]Totally 127 new cases of occupational disease were reported in Licang District of Qingdao City from 2007-2017.Occupational diseases were mainly occupational poisoning,pneumoconiosis and chromium-nasal disease,with 40,31 and 23 cases,respectively. The incidence of pneumoconiosis showed a decreasing trend,there was no pneumoconiosis case reported from 2016-2017,and the patients were mainly in state-owned and collective enterprises. The incidence of acute occupational poisoning was fluctuating,mainly including carbonmonoxide poisoning and hydrogen sulfide poisoning,and most patients were reported in stateowned enterprises. Cadmium nasal disease was mainly a historical problem. The incidence of noise deafness showed a rising trend.[Conclusion]The situation of occupational disease prevention and control is still serious in Licang District of Qingdao City from2007-2017. Noise deafness is the main focus of prevention and control in the future. It is necessary to further strengthen the management of noise environment in enterprises,especially the occupational health surveillance and management of exposure population.
引文
[1]张兴,吉俊敏,张正东. 2007—2012年全国职业病发病情况及趋势分析[J].职业与健康,2014,30(22):3187-3189.
[2]全国人民代表大会常务委员会.中华人民共和国职业病防治法[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2016:2.
[3]国家卫生计生委、安全监管总局、人力资源社会保障部和全国总工会.职业病分类和目录[EB/OL].(2013-12-30)[2018-08-30]. http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/jkj/s5898b/201312/3abbd667050849d19b3bf6439a48b775.shtml.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.国民经济行业分类:GB/T 4754-2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017:2-52.
[5]朱泽,周哲华,薛婷,等. 2006—2013年嘉兴市职业病发病特点分析[J].中国农村卫生事业管理,2017,37(8):944-946.
[6]邓莎莎,张驯. 2007—2015年绵阳市职业病发病情况[J].职业与健康,2016,32(17):2330-2332,2336.
[7]刘福光,黄伯越,王丛蕾,等. 2011—2015年肇庆市职业病危害因素监测及职业病发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(5):613-616.
[8]钟学飘,朱志良,马争,等. 2005—2013年全国职业病发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(7):858-859.
[9]辛广龙,王铁根.我国煤矿尘肺病发病现状和对策[J].中国煤炭,2005,31(2):62-64.
[10]夏小乐,陈先锋.1995—2012年汉中市职业病发病情况分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2013,30(6):324-326.
[11]孙承业,黄汉林,郝凤桐.中毒事件处置[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2013:3.
[12]樊晶光,王海椒,李晗.我国职业中毒现状及防治建议[J].伤害医学(电子版),2017,6(2):1-4.
[13]徐桂芹. 2000—2009年全国职业中毒状况规律分析和对策探讨[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(5):96-100.
[14]高海萍,陆春花,周萍,等. 2006—2015年南通市职业中毒发病情况[J].职业与健康,2017,33(8):1034-1037.
[15]周安寿.其他职业病及诊断鉴定管理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011:85.
[2]全国人民代表大会常务委员会.中华人民共和国职业病防治法[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2016:2.
[3]国家卫生计生委、安全监管总局、人力资源社会保障部和全国总工会.职业病分类和目录[EB/OL].(2013-12-30)[2018-08-30]. http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/jkj/s5898b/201312/3abbd667050849d19b3bf6439a48b775.shtml.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.国民经济行业分类:GB/T 4754-2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017:2-52.
[5]朱泽,周哲华,薛婷,等. 2006—2013年嘉兴市职业病发病特点分析[J].中国农村卫生事业管理,2017,37(8):944-946.
[6]邓莎莎,张驯. 2007—2015年绵阳市职业病发病情况[J].职业与健康,2016,32(17):2330-2332,2336.
[7]刘福光,黄伯越,王丛蕾,等. 2011—2015年肇庆市职业病危害因素监测及职业病发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(5):613-616.
[8]钟学飘,朱志良,马争,等. 2005—2013年全国职业病发病情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(7):858-859.
[9]辛广龙,王铁根.我国煤矿尘肺病发病现状和对策[J].中国煤炭,2005,31(2):62-64.
[10]夏小乐,陈先锋.1995—2012年汉中市职业病发病情况分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2013,30(6):324-326.
[11]孙承业,黄汉林,郝凤桐.中毒事件处置[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2013:3.
[12]樊晶光,王海椒,李晗.我国职业中毒现状及防治建议[J].伤害医学(电子版),2017,6(2):1-4.
[13]徐桂芹. 2000—2009年全国职业中毒状况规律分析和对策探讨[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011,7(5):96-100.
[14]高海萍,陆春花,周萍,等. 2006—2015年南通市职业中毒发病情况[J].职业与健康,2017,33(8):1034-1037.
[15]周安寿.其他职业病及诊断鉴定管理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011:85.