一种新型直立式自行车停放装置的设计
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摘要
自行车交通在城市交通系统中占有重要的地位,我国目前大力提倡节能减排、绿色出行,自行车作为一种绿色交通方式,使用频率高、数量庞大,据调研,目前我国自行车数量已过亿,已成为我国城市居民短途出行的首选交通工具。而自行车停车问题由来已久,一直没有得到有效解决。通过对我国自行车停车现状,停车装置的现有产品、专利,以及人们停车需求的分析,设计研究出了一款新型纯机械式直立式自行车停车装置,该装置由卡位装置及提升装置两部分组成,两个分功能装置均能实现"一按即开,再按即关"的按压式开关的功能。其中,卡位装置由滑块式夹紧机构和自锁式心形槽开关机构组成,用于对自行车前轮的锁定与释放;提升装置借助自锁式心形槽开关机构实现对卡位装置的锁定与释放,同时采用体积小、耐疲劳的卷簧为前轮竖直提升提供牵引力,依靠装置内发条弹簧弹性势能与自行车重力势能之间的相互转化,轻松快捷的实现卡位装置连同自行车的提升与下放,从而省时省力地完成自行车停取车操作。该装置将有效解决现有装置停取车费时费力、停车装置造价高等问题,解决自行车乱停乱放、停放时占地面积大现象,实现对城市大量自行车的规范、有序停放,提升城市形象,健康地推动自行车交通的发展。
Bicycle traffic plays an important role in the urban transportation system. At present,energy saving and emission reduction and green travel are advocated vigorously in our country. As a green transportation choice,the bicycle is used frequently and in a large number. According to the survey,the number of bicycles in China has already been over 100 million. It has become the first choice for the short trip. Bicycle parking has been a problem for a long time and has not been effectively solved. By analyzing the status of bicycle parking,the existing products,patents,and people's parking demand,a new type of pure mechanical vertical bicycle parking device is designed and studied. The device consists of two parts,the clamping device and the lifting device. The two functional devices can all achieve "one press". The function of pressing switch is opened when pressing one and closed when pressing again. The clamping device is used to lock and release the front wheel of the bicycle. The lifting device is used to lock and release the clamping device. At the same time,it relies on the mutual transformation between the spring elastic potential energy and the bicycle gravity potential energy to realize the lifting and lowering of the clampingdevice and bicycleeasily and quickly.So we can complete the operation of bicycle parking for saving time and labor. The device can effectively solve the problem of wasting time and strengthwhen parking and high cost of existing equipment.
Bicycle traffic plays an important role in the urban transportation system. At present,energy saving and emission reduction and green travel are advocated vigorously in our country. As a green transportation choice,the bicycle is used frequently and in a large number. According to the survey,the number of bicycles in China has already been over 100 million. It has become the first choice for the short trip. Bicycle parking has been a problem for a long time and has not been effectively solved. By analyzing the status of bicycle parking,the existing products,patents,and people's parking demand,a new type of pure mechanical vertical bicycle parking device is designed and studied. The device consists of two parts,the clamping device and the lifting device. The two functional devices can all achieve "one press". The function of pressing switch is opened when pressing one and closed when pressing again. The clamping device is used to lock and release the front wheel of the bicycle. The lifting device is used to lock and release the clamping device. At the same time,it relies on the mutual transformation between the spring elastic potential energy and the bicycle gravity potential energy to realize the lifting and lowering of the clampingdevice and bicycleeasily and quickly.So we can complete the operation of bicycle parking for saving time and labor. The device can effectively solve the problem of wasting time and strengthwhen parking and high cost of existing equipment.
引文
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[3]周慧虹.改进自行车交通给城市骑行者更多呵护[OL].北京:中国经济网-《经济日报》,2018-02-17,http://views.ce.cn/view/ent/201802/07/t20180207_28092558.shtml
[4]陈小敏.上海市共享自行车停放管理思路研究[J].特别策划,2017,6(3):17-19.
[5]李伟,黄斌.北京市自行车交通行驶环境问题及改善对策[J].城市交通,2011,9(5):18-27.
[6]李伟,黄斌.北京自行车停车的问题及对策[OL].北京:搜狐,2017-04-17,http://www.sohu.com/a/134485682_651721.
[7]王琴,杨连发,张震,等.自行车停放装置的开发应用现状及发展趋势[J].现代机械,2009(5):82-84.
[8]王文宇,杨智杰.直立式自行车停车装置:中国,2009100324391[P/OL].2010-12-22.http://www.pss-system.gov.cn/sipopublicsearch/patentsearch/showViewList-jumpToView.shtml.
[9]徐晰人,董宇奇.一种自行车停车装置:中国,2017100225460[P/OL].2017-05-17.http://epub.sipo.gov.cn/pam.action.
[10]张执南,谢友柏.现代设计的基本属性[J].机械设计与研究,2012,28(3):1-6.
[11]东北大学工程图学教学与研究中心.画法几何及机械制图[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[12]西北工业大学机械原理及机械零件教研室.机械原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2013.
[13]西北工业大学机械原理及机械零件教研室.机械设计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2013.
[14]刘占伟.关于机械产品创新设计的几点思考[J].机械设计与研究,2018,34(4):1-4.
[15]邱亚玲.机械制造技术基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.