止回阀失效事故分析与对策研究
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摘要
分析历史上发生的止回阀失效事故的原因、总结出止回阀失效形式、失效现象,并给出失效说明。基于止回阀失效形式,剖析止回阀失效事故的设计问题、质量问题、维修问题等深层次原因。对比分析止回阀设计、维护和检验标准,认为导致目前企业在用止回阀可靠性差的主要原因在于制造质量不高、设备选型不合理以及使用过程中的检验和维护不规范,提出在《工业阀门压力试验(GB/T 13927—2008)》中按泄漏等级进行止回阀选型,对于提高泄漏等级、保证购货质量具有很强的指导意义。同时,提出了止回阀失效风险控制措施与建议。
In order to prevent the occurrence of check valve failure,aimed at control problems of check valves exposed by accidents,the failure mode and failure phenomenon of the check valve were summarized.The special analysis was made on the accidents caused in history by the check valve failure.The pertinent measures were suggested.Based on the failure mode of check valves,the deep-seated reasons such as design problems,quality problems and maintenance problems were analyzed.Comparing the design,maintenance and inspection standards of check valves,it is concluded that the main reasons for the poor reliability of the check valves during the process are the quality of manufacture,the selection of equipment,and the inspection and maintenance.Under the guidance of"the industrial valves-pressure testing(GB/T 13927—2008)",the selection of the check valve must be on the basis of the leakage grade,which is of great guiding significance for improving the leakage grade and ensuring the quality of the purchase.At the same time,control measures for elimination of failure risk of check valves are suggested.
In order to prevent the occurrence of check valve failure,aimed at control problems of check valves exposed by accidents,the failure mode and failure phenomenon of the check valve were summarized.The special analysis was made on the accidents caused in history by the check valve failure.The pertinent measures were suggested.Based on the failure mode of check valves,the deep-seated reasons such as design problems,quality problems and maintenance problems were analyzed.Comparing the design,maintenance and inspection standards of check valves,it is concluded that the main reasons for the poor reliability of the check valves during the process are the quality of manufacture,the selection of equipment,and the inspection and maintenance.Under the guidance of"the industrial valves-pressure testing(GB/T 13927—2008)",the selection of the check valve must be on the basis of the leakage grade,which is of great guiding significance for improving the leakage grade and ensuring the quality of the purchase.At the same time,control measures for elimination of failure risk of check valves are suggested.
引文
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[2]宋海林.液控单向阀的结构特点及其应用[J].工程机械,2001,32(3):34-36
[3]万升祥.循环气压缩机入口止逆阀失效原因分析及对策[J].石油化工应用,2009,28(2):104-106
[4]李庾春,王宇娜,王伯杰.止逆阀弹簧失效分析[J].汽轮机技术,1987(4):60-64
[5]耿开军.典型的漏点处理方法及单向止逆阀改造小结[J].氮肥与合成气,2006,34(10):15-16
[6]韩文伟,韩伟实,郭清,等.旋启式止回阀关阀水锤优化分析[J].原子能科学技术,2014,48(5):854-860
[7]周展浩,宋小鹏.止回阀类型选用的若干技术探讨[J].给水排水,2010,36(2):97-100