继电器触簧弹跳建模方法与试验研究综述
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摘要
继电器闭合过程中的触簧弹跳是影响其接触可靠性的关键因素之一,研究和分析触簧弹跳现象,有助于提升动态特性计算的准确程度,提高继电器触头接触可靠性和电寿命。梳理了国内外关于继电器碰撞接触和触簧弹跳方面的研究概况。在理论建模方面,解析法主要有能量守恒和运动学碰撞力分析法,随着计算机技术的发展和有限元技术的普及使得数值仿真成为快速解决触簧弹跳问题的新方法。在试验研究方面,主要涉及参数获取和装置设计,如何在满足测试要求的前提下,设计高精度、高可靠和多方位的测试装置成为试验验证的关键。最后,结合工程实际指出继电器触簧弹跳研究发展的新动向。
The contact spring bounce in the closing process of electric relay is one of the key factors affecting the contact reliability. The research and analysis of the contact spring bounce phenomenon is helpful to improve the accuracy of the dynamic characteristics calculation. Meanwhile,it can enhance the contact reliability and electrical life. The recent development of the domestic and foreign research on the impact contact and contact spring bounce of relay was reviewed in this paper. At present,energy conservation and kinematic collision force analysis of the analytical methods are considered in theoretical modeling. With the development of computer technology and the popularization of finite element technology,a numerical simulation becomes a new method to solve the problem of contact spring bounce. The designs of bounce parameters and the experimental device are mainly involved in the experimental study. The designs of high precision,high reliability and multi azimuth testing device are the key to the experimental verification. Finally,the new trend of the research on the contact spring bounce was pointed out.
The contact spring bounce in the closing process of electric relay is one of the key factors affecting the contact reliability. The research and analysis of the contact spring bounce phenomenon is helpful to improve the accuracy of the dynamic characteristics calculation. Meanwhile,it can enhance the contact reliability and electrical life. The recent development of the domestic and foreign research on the impact contact and contact spring bounce of relay was reviewed in this paper. At present,energy conservation and kinematic collision force analysis of the analytical methods are considered in theoretical modeling. With the development of computer technology and the popularization of finite element technology,a numerical simulation becomes a new method to solve the problem of contact spring bounce. The designs of bounce parameters and the experimental device are mainly involved in the experimental study. The designs of high precision,high reliability and multi azimuth testing device are the key to the experimental verification. Finally,the new trend of the research on the contact spring bounce was pointed out.
引文
[1]姜毅龙,李许军,秦睿.智能化交流接触器吸合过程分段控制优化设计[J].电器与能效管理技术,2016(16):39-42.
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[4]赵成宏,师慧倩.合闸机构弹跳缓冲装置的设计与改进[J].电器与能效管理技术,2015(19):5-8.
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[6]BARKAN P.A study of the contact bounce phenomenon[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1967,86(2):231-240.
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[13]SANDLER B Z,SLONIM A.Experimentalinvestigation of relay contact dynamics[J].Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology IEEE Transactions on,1980,3(1):150-158.
[14]ERK V A,FINKE H.Uber dasverhalten untersehiedlicher kontaktwerkstoffe beim einxchalten prellender starkstormsehaltgiieder(The behavior of different contact materials for bouncing contacts)[J].Electrotech,1965(9):297-306.
[15]MAPPS D J,MCBRIDE J W,ROBERTS G,et al.Design optimization of roeker-switch dynamics to reduce Pivot bounce and the effect of load current in modifying bounce characteristics[J].IEEE Trans,1986,9(3):258-264.
[16]MCBRIDE J W,MAPPS D J,WHITE P J.Computer controlled testing of electrical contact mechanisms[J].International Conference on Electrical Contacts.IEEE,1996:11-16.
[17]MCBRIDE J W,WILLIAM J.Electrical contact bounce and the control dynamics of snap-action switches[D].Plymouth Polytechnic,1986.
[18]MCBRIDE J W.Electrical contact bounce in mediumduty contacts[J].IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology,1989,12(1):82-90.
[19]MCBRIDE J W.An experimental investigation of contact bounce in medium duty contacts[J].IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology,1991,14(2):319-326.
[20]MCBRIDE J W,SHARKH S M.Electrical contact phenomena during impact[J].Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology IEEE Transactions on,1992,15(2):184-192.
[21]MIEDZINSKI B,OKRASZEWSKI Z,HAJDUCKA D,et al.Theeffect of contact surface conditions on reed bouncing[J].IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology,1985,8(1):202-206.
[22]MIEDZINSKI B,KRISTIANSEN M.Analytical and experimental investigations of reed contactbouncing[J].Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology IEEE Transactions on,1988,11(2):200-210.
[23]MIEDZINSKI B,KRISTIANSEN M.Investigations ofreed switch dynamics and discharge phenomena when switching intermediate and heavy loads[J].IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology,1982,5(2):231-237.
[24]CHEN Z,WITTER G.Dynamic welding of silver contacts under different mechanical bounce conditions[C]∥IEEE Holm Conference on.IEEE Xplore,1999:1-8.
[25]SCHOEPF T.Counter-measures for relay failures due to dynamic welding:a robust engineering design[C]∥IEEE Holm Conference on.IEEE,2005:352-359.
[26]YANG G B.Reeddesign with the theory of reliability combined with optimization[C]∥Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts,1990:67-72.
[27]熊军,何俊佳,臧春艳.电磁继电器触簧系统触头弹跳的多因素分析[J].低压电器,2009(1):7-10.
[2]任万滨,韦健民,金建炳,等.电磁继电器内推杆式触簧系统动作过程的模拟试验研究[J].电器与能效管理技术,2015(20):1-5.
[3]罗海海,许志红.组合式开关智能分相控制技术的研究[J].电器与能效管理技术,2016(1):14-21.
[4]赵成宏,师慧倩.合闸机构弹跳缓冲装置的设计与改进[J].电器与能效管理技术,2015(19):5-8.
[5]WADA M,YOSHIMOTO H,KITAIDE Y.Dynamic analysis and simulation of electromagnetic contactors with AC solenoids[C]∥IECON.IEEE,2002:2745-2751.
[6]BARKAN P.A study of the contact bounce phenomenon[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1967,86(2):231-240.
[7]翟国富,樊薇薇,叶雪荣,等.具有弹跳特征的电磁继电器动态反力计算模型[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(1):88-94.
[8]JOHNSON K L.Contact mechanics[D].London:Cambridge University Press,1985.
[9]FAIK S,WITTEMAN H.Modeling of impact dynamics:a literature survey[C]∥International ADAMS User Conference,2000:1-11.
[10]赵韩,于海丹,杨旭,等.交流负载下拍合式功率继电器触点释放弹跳现象优化技术研究[J].电器与能效管理技术,2014(22):10-15.
[11]EVANS S A,SMITH I R.Static and dynamic analysis of a permanent magnet rectilinear Laws’relay actuator[J].Electric Power Applications,1999,146(1):11-16.
[12]KAWASE Y,YAMAGUCHI T,IWASHITA K,et al.3-Dfinite element analysis of dynamic characteristics of electromagnet with permanent magnets[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2006,42(4):1339-1342.
[13]SANDLER B Z,SLONIM A.Experimentalinvestigation of relay contact dynamics[J].Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology IEEE Transactions on,1980,3(1):150-158.
[14]ERK V A,FINKE H.Uber dasverhalten untersehiedlicher kontaktwerkstoffe beim einxchalten prellender starkstormsehaltgiieder(The behavior of different contact materials for bouncing contacts)[J].Electrotech,1965(9):297-306.
[15]MAPPS D J,MCBRIDE J W,ROBERTS G,et al.Design optimization of roeker-switch dynamics to reduce Pivot bounce and the effect of load current in modifying bounce characteristics[J].IEEE Trans,1986,9(3):258-264.
[16]MCBRIDE J W,MAPPS D J,WHITE P J.Computer controlled testing of electrical contact mechanisms[J].International Conference on Electrical Contacts.IEEE,1996:11-16.
[17]MCBRIDE J W,WILLIAM J.Electrical contact bounce and the control dynamics of snap-action switches[D].Plymouth Polytechnic,1986.
[18]MCBRIDE J W.Electrical contact bounce in mediumduty contacts[J].IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology,1989,12(1):82-90.
[19]MCBRIDE J W.An experimental investigation of contact bounce in medium duty contacts[J].IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology,1991,14(2):319-326.
[20]MCBRIDE J W,SHARKH S M.Electrical contact phenomena during impact[J].Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology IEEE Transactions on,1992,15(2):184-192.
[21]MIEDZINSKI B,OKRASZEWSKI Z,HAJDUCKA D,et al.Theeffect of contact surface conditions on reed bouncing[J].IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology,1985,8(1):202-206.
[22]MIEDZINSKI B,KRISTIANSEN M.Analytical and experimental investigations of reed contactbouncing[J].Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology IEEE Transactions on,1988,11(2):200-210.
[23]MIEDZINSKI B,KRISTIANSEN M.Investigations ofreed switch dynamics and discharge phenomena when switching intermediate and heavy loads[J].IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids&Manufacturing Technology,1982,5(2):231-237.
[24]CHEN Z,WITTER G.Dynamic welding of silver contacts under different mechanical bounce conditions[C]∥IEEE Holm Conference on.IEEE Xplore,1999:1-8.
[25]SCHOEPF T.Counter-measures for relay failures due to dynamic welding:a robust engineering design[C]∥IEEE Holm Conference on.IEEE,2005:352-359.
[26]YANG G B.Reeddesign with the theory of reliability combined with optimization[C]∥Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts,1990:67-72.
[27]熊军,何俊佳,臧春艳.电磁继电器触簧系统触头弹跳的多因素分析[J].低压电器,2009(1):7-10.