从波兰气候大会看国际气候变化法新成果
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摘要
波兰气候大会完成了制定《巴黎协定》"实施细则"的核心任务,为下一步共同应对全球气候变化提供了有效的制度支撑,极大推动了国际气候法律机制的完善。文章基于对国际气候治理的新形势以及《巴黎协定》后续谈判任务的分析,具体总结了波兰气候大会下国际气候变化法所取得的积极成果。总体而言,各方就《巴黎协定》中涉及的气候融资、透明度问题、国家自主贡献以及资金和技术转让等问题达成基本共识,明确了国家自主贡献模式的关键性内容,在现有的透明度框架下对具体规则进行了细化,发展中国家在资金和技术援助方面也有较大收获。进一步展望国际气候变化法面临的挑战及其未来走向,并以此为基础分析中国下一步的应对气候变化行动。
The Poland Climate Conference completed the critical task of formulating the"Implementation Rules"of the Paris Agreement, which provided effective institutional support for addressing global climate problems and greatly promoted the improvement of the international climate change law. Based on the analysis of the new situation of international climate negotiations, the authors summarize the positive results of the Poland Climate Conference. In a conclusion, the parties reached a basic consensus on climate finance, transparency, national autonomous contribution and transfer of funds and technology in the Paris Agreement, clarified the key content of the national autonomous contribution model, refined the specific rules under the existing transparency framework, and the developing countries also gained a lot in financial and technical assistance.Finally, the authors look forward to the challenges faced by the international climate change law and its future trend, and on this basis, they analyze China's next action to deal with climate change.
The Poland Climate Conference completed the critical task of formulating the"Implementation Rules"of the Paris Agreement, which provided effective institutional support for addressing global climate problems and greatly promoted the improvement of the international climate change law. Based on the analysis of the new situation of international climate negotiations, the authors summarize the positive results of the Poland Climate Conference. In a conclusion, the parties reached a basic consensus on climate finance, transparency, national autonomous contribution and transfer of funds and technology in the Paris Agreement, clarified the key content of the national autonomous contribution model, refined the specific rules under the existing transparency framework, and the developing countries also gained a lot in financial and technical assistance.Finally, the authors look forward to the challenges faced by the international climate change law and its future trend, and on this basis, they analyze China's next action to deal with climate change.
引文
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[2]朱松丽.高世宪,崔成.美国气候变化政策演变及原因和影响分析[J].中国能源,2017,(10):19-24.31.
[3]Tollefson J. Brazil’s lawmakers push to weaken environmental rules[J]. Nature, 2018, 557:17.
[4]陈迎.从波恩会议看国际气候治理的新形势及中国应对[J].环境保护,2018,(1):8.
[5]杜祥琬.应对气候变化进入历史性新阶段[J].气候变化研究进展,2016,(02):80.
[6]UNFCCC. 1/CMA.1:matters relating to the implementation of the Paris Agreement[R/OL].2016. https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2016/cma1/eng/03a01.pdf.
[7]UNFCCC. Decisions adopted at the climate change conference in Katowice, Poland, 2-14 December2018[R/OL]. https://unfccc.int/katowice.
[8]Introduction to climate finance[EB/OL]. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,2019-1-16. https://unfccc.int/topics/climatefinance/the-big-picture/introduction-toclimate-finance.
[9]The Katowice Texts Proposal by the President. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Katowice%20text%2C%2014%20Dec2018_1015AM.pdf.
[10]The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Global warming of 1.5℃[R]. 2018.
[11]陈兰,张黛玮,朱留财.全球气候融资形势及展望[J].环境保护,2019,(01):38.
[12]高翔.《巴黎协定》与国际减缓气候变化合作模式的变迁[J].气候变化研究进展,2016,(02):87.
[13]朱松丽.从巴黎到卡托维兹:全球气候治理中的统一和分裂[J/OL].气候变化研究进展.,2019,(01):3.
[14]吕学都.联合国气候变化大会进展及展望[J].世界环境,2009,(01):22.
[15]陈向国.卡托维兹气候大会:中国努力推动完成更为艰巨的任务[J].节能与环保,2019,(01):12.
[16]IISD. Summary of the Katowice Climate Change Conference.http://enb.iisd.org/vol12/enb12747e.html.
[17]李慧明.全球气候治理制度碎片化时代的国际领导及中国的战略选择[J].当代亚太,2015,(04):156.