2016年11月13日新西兰M_w7.8地震强震动记录分析
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摘要
2016年11月13日新西兰南岛凯库拉地区发生了M_w7.8级地震,新西兰GeoNet共计222个台站记录到高质量的强震动记录,通过对这些记录的数据处理并计算加速度反应谱及傅里叶谱,以此研究此次强震动的幅值分布及特征分析和谱分析;强震动记录幅值分布方向性显著,断层破裂正向尤为明显;与NGA-BA08和NZ06强地面运动预测方程进行对比,整体趋势符合强地面运动预测模型,但针对此次地震,NGA-BA08模型预测效果优于NZ06模型;谱加速度衰减程度随断层距的增加而缓慢、随周期的增加而减小。此次地震的强震动记录受断层破裂方向的影响较大,近断层区域PGA值较高主要受最大滑动集中区的影响,而该区域处于人烟稀少的山区,因此此次地震虽然震级较大且震源浅,但所导致的灾害较轻。
A larger M_w7. 8 earthquake occurred near the Kaikoura area in the New Zealand South Island on November 13,2016,and a total number of 222 New Zealand GeoNet stations recorded high quality strong motion observations during the event. On the base of strong motion data processing,calculation of acceleration response spectrum and Fourier amplitude spectrum,analysis of ground motion amplitude and spectrum,then compared with NGABA08 and NZ06 ground motion prediction equations,we found that the distribution of the strong motion amplitude had a certain direction along with the rupture and particularly obvious along the forward directions. Attenuation degree of acceleration spectral slows with the increase of the fault distance,decreases with the increase of the period.The strong motion records were affected much more by fault rupture direction. The PGA of recordings near the fault zone is much higher than other zones on account of the high slip around the asperity area. Although the magnitude of the earthquake is large and the source depth is not deep,the less damage level of the earthquake disaster causedof sparse population in the near fault area.
A larger M_w7. 8 earthquake occurred near the Kaikoura area in the New Zealand South Island on November 13,2016,and a total number of 222 New Zealand GeoNet stations recorded high quality strong motion observations during the event. On the base of strong motion data processing,calculation of acceleration response spectrum and Fourier amplitude spectrum,analysis of ground motion amplitude and spectrum,then compared with NGABA08 and NZ06 ground motion prediction equations,we found that the distribution of the strong motion amplitude had a certain direction along with the rupture and particularly obvious along the forward directions. Attenuation degree of acceleration spectral slows with the increase of the fault distance,decreases with the increase of the period.The strong motion records were affected much more by fault rupture direction. The PGA of recordings near the fault zone is much higher than other zones on account of the high slip around the asperity area. Although the magnitude of the earthquake is large and the source depth is not deep,the less damage level of the earthquake disaster causedof sparse population in the near fault area.
引文
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[24]Lu M,Li X J,An X W,et al.A comparison of recorded response spectra from the 2008 Wenchuan,China,earthquake with modern ground-motion prediction model[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2010,100(5B):2357-2380.
[25]于海英,王栋,杨永强,等.汶川8.0级地震强震动加速度记录的初步分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):1-14.YU Haiying,WANG Dong,YANG Yongqiang,et al.The preliminary analysis of strong ground motion records from the Ms8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2009,29(1):1-14.(in Chinese)
[26]任叶飞,温瑞智,山中浩明,等.运用广义反演法研究汶川地震场地效应[J].土木工程学报,2013,46(S2):146-151.REN Yefei,WEN Ruizhi,Hiroaki Yamanaka,et al.Research on site of Wenchuan Earthquake by using generalized inversion technique[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2013,46(S2):146-151.(in Chinese).
[27]NZS 1170.5.(2004)"Structural design actions,Part 5:Earthquake actions-New Zealand".Standards New Zealand[S]:Wellington,New Zealand,82.
[28]Anderson J G,Hough S E.A model for the shape of the Fourier amplitude spectrum of acceleration at high frequencies[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am.1984,74(5):1969-1993.
[2]USGS.Finite fault coordinates[EB/OL].(2016-11-13).[2017.02.07].https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000778i#shakemap.
[3]Geo Net.2016-11-13索引[EB/OL].(2016-11-13).[2016.11.15].ftp://ftp.geonet.org.nz/strong/processed/Proc/2016/11_Nov/2016-11-13_110256/.
[4]孟令媛,史保平,刘杰.2010年新西兰Mw7.0主震与2011年Mw6.1余震近场强地面运动特征比较分析[J].地震学报,2013,35(3):351-368.MENG Lingyuan,SHI Baoping,LIU Jie.Characteristics of strong ground motion from the sequence of New Zealand earthquake:2010,Mw7.0,main shock and 2011,Mw6.1,aftershock[J].Acta Seismolohica,2013,35(3):351-368.(in Chinese)
[5]臧阳,孟令媛,周龙泉.2016年新西兰Ms8.0地震震源及强地面运动特征分析[J].地震学报,2017,39(1):1-12ZANG Yang,MENG Lingyuan,ZHOU Longquan.Source parameters of the 2016 Ms8.0 New Zealand earthquake and characteristics of strong ground motion observations[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2017,39(1):1-12.(in Chinese)
[6]Brendon A,Bradley,Misko Cubrinovski.Near-Source strong ground motions observed in the 22 february 2011 christchurch earthquake[J].Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering,2011,44(4):181-194.
[7]Graeme H M,John X,Zhao,et al.New zealand acceleration response spectrum attenuation relations for crustal and subduction zone earthquakes[J].Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering,2006,39(1):1-58.
[8]R M Langridge,W F Ries,N J Litchfield,et al.The New Zealand active faults database[J].New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics,2016,59(1):86-96.
[9]Clinton M,Wood,Brady R,Cox,Liam M,Wotherspoon,et al.Dynamic site characterization of christchurch strong motion stations[J].Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering,2011,44(4):1-58.
[10]David M.Boore.Effect of baseline corrections on displacements and response spectra for several recordings of the 1999 chi-chi,taiwan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2001,91(5):1199-1211.
[11]马强,李水龙,李山有,等.不同地震动参数与地震烈度的相关性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(4):83-92.MA Qiang,LI Shuilong,LI Shanyou,et al.On the correlation of ground motion parameters with seismic intensity[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics.2014,34(4):83-92(in Chinese)
[12]Wald D,Quitoriano V,Heaton T,et al.Realationships between peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity and modified mercalli intensity in california[J].Earthquake Spectra,1999,15(3):557-564.
[13]USGS.Momenttensor[EB/OL].(2016-11-13).[2017.02.09].https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000778i#moment-tensor..
[14]Zengping Wen,Junju Xie,Mengtan Gao,et al.Chau.Near-Source strong ground motion characteristics of the 2008 wenchuan earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2010,100(5B):2425-2439.
[15]Li Xiaojun,Zhou Zhenghua,Yu Haiyin,et al.Strong motion observations and recordings from the great Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration.2008,7(3):235-246.
[16]冯继威.中国汶川地区与美国中东部地区地震动衰减关系对比研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2013.FENG Jiwei.Comparison of ground motion prediction equation between China wenchuan area and the central and eastern united states[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2013.(in Chinese)
[17]任叶飞,温瑞智,周宝峰,等.2013年4月20日四川芦山地震强地面运动三要素特征分析[J].地球物理学报,2014,(06):1836-1846.REN Yefei,WEN Ruizhi,ZHOU Baofeng,et al.The characteristics of strong ground motion of Lushan Earthquake on April20,2013[J].Chinese J.Geophys,2014,57(6):1836-1846.(in Chinese)
[18]Wang Dong,Xie Lili,Abrahamson N A,et al.Comparison of strong ground motion from the wenchuan,China,earthquake of 12 May 2008 with the next generation attenuation(NGA)ground-motion models[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2010,100(5B):2381-2395.
[19]冯继威,李山有,王振明.四川盆地地区地震动衰减关系[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(4):73-82.FENG Jiwei,LI Shanyou,WANG Zhenming.Ground motion prediction equation of China Sichuan Basin[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics.2014,34(4):73-82.(in Chinese)
[20]卢建旗,李山有,李伟.中强地震活动区地震动衰减关系的确定[J].世界地震工程,2009,25(4):33-43.LU Jianqi,LI Shanyou,LI Wei.Study on ground motion attenuation relationship of moderate earthquake risk areas[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2009,25(4):33-43.(in Chinese)
[21]Boore D M,Atkinson G M.Ground-motion prediction equations for the average horizontal component of PGA,PGV,and 5%-damped PSA at spectral periods between 0.01s and 10.0s[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):99-138.
[22]Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.NGA ground motion model for the geometric mean horizontal component PGA,PGV,PGD and 5%-damped linear elastic response spectra for periods ranging from 0.01 to 10s[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):139-172.
[23]Chiou B,Youngs R R.An NGA model for the average horizontal component of peak ground motion and response spectra[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):173-216.
[24]Lu M,Li X J,An X W,et al.A comparison of recorded response spectra from the 2008 Wenchuan,China,earthquake with modern ground-motion prediction model[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2010,100(5B):2357-2380.
[25]于海英,王栋,杨永强,等.汶川8.0级地震强震动加速度记录的初步分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):1-14.YU Haiying,WANG Dong,YANG Yongqiang,et al.The preliminary analysis of strong ground motion records from the Ms8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2009,29(1):1-14.(in Chinese)
[26]任叶飞,温瑞智,山中浩明,等.运用广义反演法研究汶川地震场地效应[J].土木工程学报,2013,46(S2):146-151.REN Yefei,WEN Ruizhi,Hiroaki Yamanaka,et al.Research on site of Wenchuan Earthquake by using generalized inversion technique[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2013,46(S2):146-151.(in Chinese).
[27]NZS 1170.5.(2004)"Structural design actions,Part 5:Earthquake actions-New Zealand".Standards New Zealand[S]:Wellington,New Zealand,82.
[28]Anderson J G,Hough S E.A model for the shape of the Fourier amplitude spectrum of acceleration at high frequencies[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am.1984,74(5):1969-1993.