强水敏储层矿物高温变化对储层物性的影响——以金家油田沙一段为例
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摘要
金家油田沙一段稠油油藏储层具有强水敏特征,在蒸汽吞吐开发及高温下储层矿物易发生变化,并改变储层的孔隙结构,影响储层物性。为此,在此次研究中开展了高压釜物理模拟实验。实验结果表明:高温下储层矿物发生变化主要体现在3个方面,即蒙脱石晶间距的改变引起的膨胀性变化、矿物溶蚀及转化、溶蚀孔隙等;当温度为200~300℃时,蒙脱石膨胀性减弱至接近消失,溶蚀作用进一步增强使得储层孔隙呈大中孔,孔径增大,连通性和储层物性进一步变好。因此,强水敏性稠油油藏在蒸汽吞吐过程中,要切实保证注入蒸汽的温度和干度,使储层温度高于200℃,以降低储层水敏性,从而改善储层物性,提高开发效率。
The heavy oil reservoir o f the first member of Shahejie Formation in Jinjia Oilfield has strong water sensitivity. In the process of steam stimulation, minerals are easy to change at high temperatures, which makes pore structure change and affects reservoir physical properties. In order to understand the characteristics of mineral changes and their effects on reservoir physical properties, an autoclave physics simulation was conducted. Experiment results show that the changes of minerals in the reservoir at high temperatures were reflected in the following three aspects:the expansion caused by the changes of crystal spacing of montmorillonite, mineral dissolution and transformation, as well as dissolved pores. From 200 ℃ to 300 ℃, the expansion of montmorillonite weakened and was gradually near to disappear, and the dissolution further strengthened, which makes the pores large and medium, and then reservoir connectivity and physical properties further changed better. In the steam stimulation process of strong water sensitivity heavy oil reservoirs, it need to ensure the temperature and dryness of injecting steam to make the reservoir temperature higher than 200 ℃, so as to reduce reservoir water sensitivity, and improve reservoir physical properties and enhance development effect.
The heavy oil reservoir o f the first member of Shahejie Formation in Jinjia Oilfield has strong water sensitivity. In the process of steam stimulation, minerals are easy to change at high temperatures, which makes pore structure change and affects reservoir physical properties. In order to understand the characteristics of mineral changes and their effects on reservoir physical properties, an autoclave physics simulation was conducted. Experiment results show that the changes of minerals in the reservoir at high temperatures were reflected in the following three aspects:the expansion caused by the changes of crystal spacing of montmorillonite, mineral dissolution and transformation, as well as dissolved pores. From 200 ℃ to 300 ℃, the expansion of montmorillonite weakened and was gradually near to disappear, and the dissolution further strengthened, which makes the pores large and medium, and then reservoir connectivity and physical properties further changed better. In the steam stimulation process of strong water sensitivity heavy oil reservoirs, it need to ensure the temperature and dryness of injecting steam to make the reservoir temperature higher than 200 ℃, so as to reduce reservoir water sensitivity, and improve reservoir physical properties and enhance development effect.
引文
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[2]单华生,周锋德.伊通盆地鹿乡断陷低渗储层敏感性机理分析及分布预测[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报,2012,37(4):719-727.Shan Huasheng,Zhou Fengde.Analysis of the sensitivity mechanism and distribution in low permeability reservoir in Luxiang Depression,Yiton Basion[J].Earth Science-Journal of Chain University of Geosciences,2012,37(4):719-727.
[3]李云,祁利祺,胡作维,等.准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡中侏罗统头屯河组储层敏感性特征[J].岩性油气藏,2014,26(1):52-57.Li Yun,Qi Liqi,Hu Zuowei,et al.Reservoir sensitivity of Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in Fudong slope,Junggar Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2014,26(1):52-57.
[4]徐会林,王新海,魏少波,等.四川盆地高石梯-磨溪区块震旦系储层敏感性实验评价[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(2):13-17.Xu Huilin,Wang Xinhai,Wei Shaobo,et al.Evaluation of reservoir sensitivity of Sinian in Gaoshiti-Moxi block,Sichuan Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(2):13-17.
[5]欧阳传湘,邓志颖,张伟.轮古7井区三叠系砂岩储层黏土矿物特征及敏感性损害研究[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(5):111-114.Ouyang Chuanxiang,Deng Zhiying,Zhang Wei.Research on clay mineral features and sensitivity damage in Triassic sandstone reservoir in Lungu 7 well field[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(5):111-114.
[6]徐豪飞,马宏伟,尹相荣,等.新疆油田超低渗透油藏注水开发储层损害研究[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(2):100-106.Xu Haofei,Ma Hongwei,Yin Xiangrong,et al.Study on formation damage with water flooding for ultra-low permeability reservoir in Xinjiang Oilfield[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2013,25(2):100-106.
[7]王红涛,刘大锰,崔连训,等.稠油热采储层伤害及物性变化特征研究[J].钻采工艺,2009,32(1):55-57.Wang Hongtao,Liu Dameng,Cui Lianxun,et al.Mechanisms of formation damage of characteristics of reservoir property variation of heavy oil thetmal recovery[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2009,32(1):55-57.
[8]张关龙,陈世悦,鄢继华.东营凹陷郑家王庄地区沙河街组粘土矿物特征及其与储层伤害的关系[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(6):7-12.Zhang Guanlong,Chen Shiyue,Yan jihua.Relation between clay mineral characteristics and formation damage of Shahejie group of Zhengjia-Wangzhuang areas in Dongying depression[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2006,30(6):7-12.
[9]邓三鸿,徐士进,王汝成,等.热采条件下砂岩储层矿物转化的实验研究[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(2):315-321.Deng Sanhong,Xu Shijin,Wang Rucheng,et al.Experimental study on mineral transformation in sandstone reservoir under EOR conditions[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2000,6(2):315-321.
[10]王铭宝.胜利油区稠油油藏注蒸汽热采后储层物性变化特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(6):69-71.Wang Mingbao.Reservoir physical property variation features after steam injection for thermal recovery of the heavy oil reservoir at Shengli petroliferous province[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2004,11(6):69-71.
[11]叶正荣,樊世忠,蒋海军.热采过程中储层温度敏感性室内实验[J].特种油气藏,2000,7(1):35-37.Ye Zhengrong,Fan Shizhong,Jiang Haijun.Indoors experimental research on formation temperature sensitivity in thermal production[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2000,7(1):35-37.
[12]张金亮,司学强.断陷湖盆碳酸盐与陆源碎屑混合沉积---以东营凹陷金家地区古近系沙河街组第四段上亚段为例[J].地质论评,2007,53(4):448-453.Zhang Jinliang,Si Xueqiang.Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediment in rift lacustrine basin-A case on the upper part of the fourth member of the Eogene Shahejie Formation in Jinjia area,Dongying Depression[J].Geological Review,2007,53(4):448-453.
[13]路言秋.黏土矿物高温热变及对储层孔隙结构的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(24):66-71.Lu Yanqiu.The influence of thermal alteration of clay minerals on pore structure[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(24):66-71.
[14]张关龙,陈世悦,鄢继华.郑家-王庄地区沙一段粘土矿物特征及对储层敏感性影响[J].矿物学报,2006,26(1):100-106.Zhang Guanlong,Chen Shiyue,Yan jihua.Characteristics of clay minerals and their effects on formation sensitivity in Sha-1 Member in Zhang Jia-Wang Zhuang area[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2006,26(1):100-106.
[15]侯红军,吴俊奇,林雨萍,等.胜利油田储层保护中的水岩反应实验研究[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),1997,33(3):108-114.Hou Hongjun,Wu Junqi,Lin Yuping,et al.Water-rock reactions experimental research in reservoir protection in Shengli Oilfield[J].Journal of Nanjing Universities(Natural Sciences),1997,33(3):108-114.