自闭症儿童自伤行为干预的个案研究
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摘要
自伤行为严重影响自闭症儿童的健康及发展,是亟待解决的问题。研究采用观察法、单一被试倒返实验ABAB实验设计,借助积极行为支持,对目标儿童自伤行为发生的原因进行观察分析,并选择适宜的策略对其进行训练。结果表明积极行为支持能明显减少自伤行为发生概率。进而提出重视行为发生原因、减少强制性措施的使用;选择适宜的干预策略、引导个体主动参与;培养个案的其他兴趣,发展适当行为等建议,以此改善自闭症儿童的自伤行为。
Self-injury behavior seriously affects the health and development of autistic children, which isan urgent problem. The study adopts the observation method and the ABAB design of the single trial return experiment. With the support of positive behavior support intervention, the reasons of the self-injury behavior ofthe target child is observed and analyzed, and the appropriate strategies are chosen to train him. The resultsshow that positive behavior support can significantly reduce the probability of self-injury. To improve theself-injury behavior of autistic children, we propose to pay attention to the causes of behavior, reduce the useof compulsory measures, choose appropriate intervention strategies, and guide the active participation of individuals;develop other interests in the case and develop appropriate behavior
Self-injury behavior seriously affects the health and development of autistic children, which isan urgent problem. The study adopts the observation method and the ABAB design of the single trial return experiment. With the support of positive behavior support intervention, the reasons of the self-injury behavior ofthe target child is observed and analyzed, and the appropriate strategies are chosen to train him. The resultsshow that positive behavior support can significantly reduce the probability of self-injury. To improve theself-injury behavior of autistic children, we propose to pay attention to the causes of behavior, reduce the useof compulsory measures, choose appropriate intervention strategies, and guide the active participation of individuals;develop other interests in the case and develop appropriate behavior
引文
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[2]孙立双,韦小满.以功能性行为评估为基础的自闭症儿童自伤行为个案研究[J].中国特殊教育,2011(12):62-67.
[3]杨晓玲.儿童精神障碍及行为问题的矫正[M].北京:华夏出版社,1995.
[4]贾婵娟.积极行为支持在儿童早期干预过程中的应用[J].现代交际,2014(1):162-163.
[5]肖艳林,余芬.自闭症儿童自伤行为干预个案研究[J].现代特殊教育(高教版),2015(12):46-51.
[6]黄伟合,贺翠中.功能性行为评估与干预[M].北京:华夏出版社,2013:230.
[7]钮文英.身心障碍者行为问题处理:正向行为支持取向[M].台北:心理出版社股份有限公司,2001:259.
[8]吴新春,胡佩诚.行为矫正[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005:12.