大连某航空公司飞机二次供水卫生学调查
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摘要
目的了解大连某航空公司飞机二次供水卫生状况,为确保机组人员和旅客用水卫生安全提供依据。方法按照国家颁布的《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)和《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006),对大连某航空公司2013—2015年飞机二次供水的水样进行细菌总数、总大肠菌群、游离性余氯、色度、臭和味、p H值、浑浊度、肉眼可见物共8项指标检测与评价。结果 2013—2015年共检测水样204份,总合格率为67.16%(137/204);2013年二次供水水质合格率较高(83.93%),但随后逐年降低,至2015年仅为50.57%;主要不合格指标为细菌总数、大肠菌群、游离性余氯、p H值,合格率分别为72.06%、99.02%、86.27%、80.88%;供水站末梢水、加水车中转水和飞机末梢水的水质总合格率分别为78.95%、63.79%、51.85%,合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大连某航空公司飞机二次供水卫生状况存在安全隐患,水质合格率呈下降趋势,应提高水中游离性余氯水平并加强微生物污染控制。
Objective To investigate hygienic status of secondary water supply to the aircrafts in Dalian Airport and to provide references for qualified water supply management for aircrewand passengers. Methods Water samples of secondary water supply were collected and detected according to the Drinking Water Standard Examination Method( GB /T5750-2006); the detection results were then evaluated according to the Hygiene Standard for Drinking Water( GB5740-2006) during the period from 2013 to 2015; the hygienic indicators in the survey included microbial indexes,free residual chlorine,p H value,and sensory property indexes. Results For the 204 water samples detected during the period,the overall qualification rate of hygienic indicators was 67. 16%,with the highest rate of 83. 93% in 2013 and the lowest rate of 50. 57% in 2015. The hygienic indicators with lower overall qualification rate included total bacterial count( 72. 06%),total coliforms( 99. 02%),free residual chlorine( 86. 27%),and p H value( 80. 88%). The overall qualification rates were 78. 95%,63. 79%,and 51. 85% for the samples of tap water from secondary pump station,transported water from water trucks,and tap water from aircrafts,with a significant difference( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The hygienic status of secondary water supply to aircrafts by an airline in Dalian Airport needs to be improved to control related potential health risk,particularly for free residual chlorine and bacterial contamination.
Objective To investigate hygienic status of secondary water supply to the aircrafts in Dalian Airport and to provide references for qualified water supply management for aircrewand passengers. Methods Water samples of secondary water supply were collected and detected according to the Drinking Water Standard Examination Method( GB /T5750-2006); the detection results were then evaluated according to the Hygiene Standard for Drinking Water( GB5740-2006) during the period from 2013 to 2015; the hygienic indicators in the survey included microbial indexes,free residual chlorine,p H value,and sensory property indexes. Results For the 204 water samples detected during the period,the overall qualification rate of hygienic indicators was 67. 16%,with the highest rate of 83. 93% in 2013 and the lowest rate of 50. 57% in 2015. The hygienic indicators with lower overall qualification rate included total bacterial count( 72. 06%),total coliforms( 99. 02%),free residual chlorine( 86. 27%),and p H value( 80. 88%). The overall qualification rates were 78. 95%,63. 79%,and 51. 85% for the samples of tap water from secondary pump station,transported water from water trucks,and tap water from aircrafts,with a significant difference( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The hygienic status of secondary water supply to aircrafts by an airline in Dalian Airport needs to be improved to control related potential health risk,particularly for free residual chlorine and bacterial contamination.
引文
[1]黄筱宇,钟玮,刘杨,等.成都双流国际机场航空器二次供水卫生调查[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2015,38(1):33-35.
[2]国家技术监督局,卫生部.GB 17051—1997二次供水设施卫生规范[S].北京:卫生部.
[3]卫生部,国家标准化委员会.GB/T 5750—2006生活饮用水水质标准检测方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[4]卫生部,国家标准化委员会.GB 5749—2006生活饮用水卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[5]黄丹,郭琦,徐振杰,等.2009—2011年大连市城市生活饮用水监测结果分析[J].环境与职业医学,2013,30(7):536-537.
[6]徐丹,肖冰,陈玉凤.大连市生活饮用水水质监测结果分析[J].疾病监测与控制,2013,7(10):630-631.
[7]徐振杰,郭琦,陈禹存.2013年大连市生活饮用水水质监测结果分析[J].预防医学论坛,2014,20(7):524-525,528.
[8]彭伟年,冯显炘,梁朝晖.2004—2010年南航水站二次供水卫生调查[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,2013,24(2):123-126.
[9]吴卿,赵新华.饮用水细菌总数及相关指标关系[J].中国公共卫生,2006,22(3):280-281.
[10]吴卿,赵新华.影响生活饮用水细菌总数指标的研究与评论[J].卫生研究,2007,36(3):283-285.
[11]WHO.Guide to hygiene and sanitation in aviation[S].Geneva:World Health Organization,1970.
[2]国家技术监督局,卫生部.GB 17051—1997二次供水设施卫生规范[S].北京:卫生部.
[3]卫生部,国家标准化委员会.GB/T 5750—2006生活饮用水水质标准检测方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[4]卫生部,国家标准化委员会.GB 5749—2006生活饮用水卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[5]黄丹,郭琦,徐振杰,等.2009—2011年大连市城市生活饮用水监测结果分析[J].环境与职业医学,2013,30(7):536-537.
[6]徐丹,肖冰,陈玉凤.大连市生活饮用水水质监测结果分析[J].疾病监测与控制,2013,7(10):630-631.
[7]徐振杰,郭琦,陈禹存.2013年大连市生活饮用水水质监测结果分析[J].预防医学论坛,2014,20(7):524-525,528.
[8]彭伟年,冯显炘,梁朝晖.2004—2010年南航水站二次供水卫生调查[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,2013,24(2):123-126.
[9]吴卿,赵新华.饮用水细菌总数及相关指标关系[J].中国公共卫生,2006,22(3):280-281.
[10]吴卿,赵新华.影响生活饮用水细菌总数指标的研究与评论[J].卫生研究,2007,36(3):283-285.
[11]WHO.Guide to hygiene and sanitation in aviation[S].Geneva:World Health Organization,1970.