聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纳米纤维膜/涤纶针刺毡过滤复合材料的制备及性能
|
摘要
利用静电纺丝技术制备了不同纺丝时间的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)纳米纤维膜,将PET纳米纤维膜、热熔型胶膜及涤纶针刺毡通过热处理复合,制备了三明治结构的PET纳米纤维膜/涤纶针刺毡过滤复合材料,利用SEM分析了PET纳米纤维膜形貌,通过TGA确定了PET纳米纤维膜的热处理条件,对不同纺丝时间的PET纳米纤维膜/涤纶针刺毡过滤复合材料透气性能、过滤性能进行了研究。结果表明:纺丝液浓度为18%,纺丝电压为15kV,接收距离为21cm,环境温度为13℃,环境湿度为20%条件下得到的PET纳米纤维膜纤维平均直径为514.95nm;PET纳米纤维膜与涤纶针刺毡的复合温度为115℃;随纺丝时间的增加,PET纳米纤维膜的密度增加,PET纳米纤维膜/涤纶针刺毡过滤复合材料对颗粒物的过滤效率增大,透气性下降,当密度为3.86g/m2时,PET纳米纤维膜/涤纶针刺毡过滤复合材料的过滤性能最优,其品质因子QF明显优于常规涤纶针刺毡,对1μm以下颗粒物的过滤效率均高于93%,效率提高了58%以上,表现出优异的过滤性能。
The polyethylene terephthalate(PET)nanofiber membranes with different spinning times were prepared by electrospinning technique.The PET nanofiber membrane,hot melt membrane and polyester needle felt were heat-treated and composited to prepare the sandwich structure of PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters.The morphology of PET nanofiber membranes and heat treatment conditions of nanofiber membranes were analyzed by SEM and TGA.The air permeability and filtration performance of the PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters with different spinning times were studied.The results indicate that the average diameter of the fibers of PET nanofiber membrane is 514.95 nm under the conditions of 18%spinning solution concentration,15 kV spinning voltage,21 cm receiving distance,13℃ ambient temperature and 20% ambient humidity.115℃is the suitable composite temperature of PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters.With the increase of spinning time,the density and filtration efficiency of PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters to particles increase,and air permeability decrease.With 3.86 g/m2 density,the filtration performance of PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters is the best,and the quality factor QFis obviously better than conventional polyester needle felt.The filtration efficiency of particles below 1μm is higher than 93%and the efficiency is improved by 58%.The PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters show excellent filtration performance.
The polyethylene terephthalate(PET)nanofiber membranes with different spinning times were prepared by electrospinning technique.The PET nanofiber membrane,hot melt membrane and polyester needle felt were heat-treated and composited to prepare the sandwich structure of PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters.The morphology of PET nanofiber membranes and heat treatment conditions of nanofiber membranes were analyzed by SEM and TGA.The air permeability and filtration performance of the PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters with different spinning times were studied.The results indicate that the average diameter of the fibers of PET nanofiber membrane is 514.95 nm under the conditions of 18%spinning solution concentration,15 kV spinning voltage,21 cm receiving distance,13℃ ambient temperature and 20% ambient humidity.115℃is the suitable composite temperature of PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters.With the increase of spinning time,the density and filtration efficiency of PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters to particles increase,and air permeability decrease.With 3.86 g/m2 density,the filtration performance of PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters is the best,and the quality factor QFis obviously better than conventional polyester needle felt.The filtration efficiency of particles below 1μm is higher than 93%and the efficiency is improved by 58%.The PET nanofiber membrane/polyester needle felt composite filters show excellent filtration performance.
引文
[1]LIU C,HSU P C,LEE H W,et al.Transparent air filter for high-efficiency PM2.5capture[J].Nature Communications,2015,6:6205.
[2]ATKINSON R W,KANG S,ANDERSON H R,et al.Epidemiological time series studies of PM2.5and daily mortality and hospital admissions:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Thorax,2014,69(7):660-665.
[3]LIU J X,PUI D Y H,WANG J.Removal of airborne nanoparticles by membrane coated filters[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(22):4868-4874.
[4]YANG Y J,ZHANG S C,ZHAO X L,et al.Sandwich structured polyamide-6/polyacrylonitrile nanonets/bead-onstring composite membrane for effective air filtration[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2015,152(25):14-22.
[5]柳静献,谢越,常德强,等.除尘滤料对微细颗粒捕集性能的研究[J].过滤与分离,2012,22(4):21-25.LIU J X,XIE Y,CHANG D Q,et al.Research on fine particle capture of baghouse filter media[J].Journal of Filtration&Separation,2014,22(4):21-25(in Chinese).
[6]王春红,贺文婷,王瑞.利用静电纺丝技术制备纳米黏土/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维与其表征[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(2):378-384.WANG C H,HE W T,WANG R.Preparation and characterization of nanoclay/polylactide composite nanofibers via electrospinning technique[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(2):378-384(in Chinese).
[7]ASLAN T,ARSLAN S,EYVAZ M,et al.A novel nano fiber microfiltration membrane:Fabrication and characterization of tubular electrospun nanofiber(TuEN)membrane[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2016,520:616-629.
[8]丁彬,余建勇.静电纺丝与纳米纤维[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2011.DING B,YU J Y.Electrospinning and nanofibers[M].Beijing:China Textile&Apparel Press,2011(in Chinese).
[9]张双虎,董相廷,徐淑芝.静电纺丝技术制备TiO2/SiO2复合中空纳米纤维与表征[J].复合材料学报,2008,25(3):138-143.ZHANG S H,DONG X T,XU S Z.The preparation and characterized of hollow TiO2/SiO2composite nanofibers by electrostatic spinning[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2008,25(3):138-143(in Chinese).
[10]WANG N,WANG X F,DING B,et al.Tunable fabrication of three-dimensional polyamide-66 nano-fiber/nets for high efficiency fine particulate filtration[J].Journal of Material Chemistry,2012,22(4):1445-1452.
[11]FANG Q,ZHU M,YU S R,et al.Studies on soy protein isolate/polyvinyl alcohol hybrid nanofiber membranes as multi-functional eco-friendly filtration materials[J].Materials Science and Engineering B,2016,214:1-10.
[12]ZHOU T,YAO Y Y,XIANG R L,et al.Formation and characterization of polytetrafluoroethylene nanofiber membranes for vacuum membrane distillation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2014,453(1):402-408.
[13]SAMBAER W,ZATLOUKAL M,KIMMER D.3D modeling of filtration process via polyurethane nanofiber based nonwoven filters prepared by electrospinning process[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2011,66(4):613-623.
[14]LI X Q,WANG N,FAN G,et al.Electreted polyetherimide-silica fibrous membranes for enhanced filtration of fine particles[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2015,439(1):12-20.
[15]WANG Z,PAN Z J.Preparation of hierarchical structured nano-sized/porous poly(lactic acid)composite fibrous membranes for air filtration[J].Applied Surface Science,2015,356(30):1168-1179.
[16]LIU B W,ZHANG S C,WANG X L,et al.Efficient and reusable polyamide-56nanofiber/nets membrane with bimodal structures for air filtration[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2015,457(1):203-211.
[17]BALGIS R,KARTIKOWATI C W,OGI T,et al.Synthesis and evaluation of straight and bead-free nanofibers for improved aerosol filtration[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2015,137(1):947-995.
[18]STRAIN I N,WU Q,POURRAHIMI A M,et al.Electrospinning of recycled PET to generate tough mesom orphic fibre membranes for smoke filtration[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015,3(4):1632-1640.
[19]PARRAVICINI L,LEONE B,AURIEMMA F,et al.Crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)from the oriented mesomorphic form[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1994,52(7):875-885.
[20]柳静献,张海燕,常德强,等.NO2对烟气除尘用聚苯硫醚滤料机械性能的影响[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2010,31(7):1030-1034.LIU J X,ZHANG H Y,CHANG D Q,et al.Effect of NO2on mechanical properties of polyphenylene sulfide filter for smoke dust removal[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2010,31(7):1030-1034(in Chinese).
[21]王金波,孙熙,柳静献,等.袋式除尘器滤料及配件手册[M].2版.沈阳:东北大学出版社,2007.WANG J B,SUN X,LIU J X,et al.Handbook of filter and fittings for baghouse[M].2nd ed.Shenyang:Northeastern University Press,2007(in Chinese).
[22]蔡诚,唐国翌,宋国林,等.纳米SiO2驻极体复合PLA熔喷非织造材料的制备及性能研究[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(3):486-493.CAI C,TANG G Y,SONG G L,et al.Preparation and properties of nano-SiO2 electret/PLA composite meltblown nowovens[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(3):486-493(in Chinese).
[23]琚艳云,陆志伟,柳扬,等.纳米Ag-聚乙烯醇缩丁醛静电纺丝复合纳米纤维的制备及性能[J].复合材料学报,2018,35(2):418-425.JU Y Y,LU Z W,LIU Y,et al.Preparation and characterization of nano Ag-polyvinylbutyral electrospun composite nanofibers[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2018,35(2):418-425(in Chinese).
[2]ATKINSON R W,KANG S,ANDERSON H R,et al.Epidemiological time series studies of PM2.5and daily mortality and hospital admissions:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Thorax,2014,69(7):660-665.
[3]LIU J X,PUI D Y H,WANG J.Removal of airborne nanoparticles by membrane coated filters[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(22):4868-4874.
[4]YANG Y J,ZHANG S C,ZHAO X L,et al.Sandwich structured polyamide-6/polyacrylonitrile nanonets/bead-onstring composite membrane for effective air filtration[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2015,152(25):14-22.
[5]柳静献,谢越,常德强,等.除尘滤料对微细颗粒捕集性能的研究[J].过滤与分离,2012,22(4):21-25.LIU J X,XIE Y,CHANG D Q,et al.Research on fine particle capture of baghouse filter media[J].Journal of Filtration&Separation,2014,22(4):21-25(in Chinese).
[6]王春红,贺文婷,王瑞.利用静电纺丝技术制备纳米黏土/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维与其表征[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(2):378-384.WANG C H,HE W T,WANG R.Preparation and characterization of nanoclay/polylactide composite nanofibers via electrospinning technique[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(2):378-384(in Chinese).
[7]ASLAN T,ARSLAN S,EYVAZ M,et al.A novel nano fiber microfiltration membrane:Fabrication and characterization of tubular electrospun nanofiber(TuEN)membrane[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2016,520:616-629.
[8]丁彬,余建勇.静电纺丝与纳米纤维[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2011.DING B,YU J Y.Electrospinning and nanofibers[M].Beijing:China Textile&Apparel Press,2011(in Chinese).
[9]张双虎,董相廷,徐淑芝.静电纺丝技术制备TiO2/SiO2复合中空纳米纤维与表征[J].复合材料学报,2008,25(3):138-143.ZHANG S H,DONG X T,XU S Z.The preparation and characterized of hollow TiO2/SiO2composite nanofibers by electrostatic spinning[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2008,25(3):138-143(in Chinese).
[10]WANG N,WANG X F,DING B,et al.Tunable fabrication of three-dimensional polyamide-66 nano-fiber/nets for high efficiency fine particulate filtration[J].Journal of Material Chemistry,2012,22(4):1445-1452.
[11]FANG Q,ZHU M,YU S R,et al.Studies on soy protein isolate/polyvinyl alcohol hybrid nanofiber membranes as multi-functional eco-friendly filtration materials[J].Materials Science and Engineering B,2016,214:1-10.
[12]ZHOU T,YAO Y Y,XIANG R L,et al.Formation and characterization of polytetrafluoroethylene nanofiber membranes for vacuum membrane distillation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2014,453(1):402-408.
[13]SAMBAER W,ZATLOUKAL M,KIMMER D.3D modeling of filtration process via polyurethane nanofiber based nonwoven filters prepared by electrospinning process[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2011,66(4):613-623.
[14]LI X Q,WANG N,FAN G,et al.Electreted polyetherimide-silica fibrous membranes for enhanced filtration of fine particles[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2015,439(1):12-20.
[15]WANG Z,PAN Z J.Preparation of hierarchical structured nano-sized/porous poly(lactic acid)composite fibrous membranes for air filtration[J].Applied Surface Science,2015,356(30):1168-1179.
[16]LIU B W,ZHANG S C,WANG X L,et al.Efficient and reusable polyamide-56nanofiber/nets membrane with bimodal structures for air filtration[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2015,457(1):203-211.
[17]BALGIS R,KARTIKOWATI C W,OGI T,et al.Synthesis and evaluation of straight and bead-free nanofibers for improved aerosol filtration[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2015,137(1):947-995.
[18]STRAIN I N,WU Q,POURRAHIMI A M,et al.Electrospinning of recycled PET to generate tough mesom orphic fibre membranes for smoke filtration[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015,3(4):1632-1640.
[19]PARRAVICINI L,LEONE B,AURIEMMA F,et al.Crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)from the oriented mesomorphic form[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1994,52(7):875-885.
[20]柳静献,张海燕,常德强,等.NO2对烟气除尘用聚苯硫醚滤料机械性能的影响[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2010,31(7):1030-1034.LIU J X,ZHANG H Y,CHANG D Q,et al.Effect of NO2on mechanical properties of polyphenylene sulfide filter for smoke dust removal[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2010,31(7):1030-1034(in Chinese).
[21]王金波,孙熙,柳静献,等.袋式除尘器滤料及配件手册[M].2版.沈阳:东北大学出版社,2007.WANG J B,SUN X,LIU J X,et al.Handbook of filter and fittings for baghouse[M].2nd ed.Shenyang:Northeastern University Press,2007(in Chinese).
[22]蔡诚,唐国翌,宋国林,等.纳米SiO2驻极体复合PLA熔喷非织造材料的制备及性能研究[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(3):486-493.CAI C,TANG G Y,SONG G L,et al.Preparation and properties of nano-SiO2 electret/PLA composite meltblown nowovens[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(3):486-493(in Chinese).
[23]琚艳云,陆志伟,柳扬,等.纳米Ag-聚乙烯醇缩丁醛静电纺丝复合纳米纤维的制备及性能[J].复合材料学报,2018,35(2):418-425.JU Y Y,LU Z W,LIU Y,et al.Preparation and characterization of nano Ag-polyvinylbutyral electrospun composite nanofibers[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2018,35(2):418-425(in Chinese).