一氧化氮熏蒸对冬枣采后贮藏品质的影响
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摘要
试验旨在研究不同浓度NO熏蒸处理对冬枣采后贮藏品质的影响。以白熟期冬枣为试验材料,分别以0,50, 100, 150和200μL/L一氧化氮(Nitric oxide, NO)气体熏蒸处理2 h后,在0±1℃条件下贮藏80 d。观察贮藏期果实阶段性的外观变化,同时分析测定其腐烂指数、失重率、硬度、可溶性固形物、呼吸强度和细胞膜渗透率的变化。结果表明:NO处理(浓度为50～200μL/L)能够不同程度地减轻白熟期冬枣果实表面出现腐烂斑点和软腐情况;降低果实的腐烂指数、失重率和细胞膜渗透率;抑制果实的呼吸强度;较好地保持果实的硬度和可溶性固形物的含量。在NO浓度为50～200μL/L范围内熏蒸对白熟期冬枣采后的贮藏品质有不同影响,其中以150μL/L处理2 h后在0±1℃条件下贮藏效果最好,贮藏期延长,腐烂指数降低,失重率降低,硬度保持较好,可溶性固形物含量维持较好,能抑制冬枣采后贮藏过程中的呼吸强度、抑制细胞膜渗透率的上升。
The effects of treatment with nitric oxide fumigation on postharvest quality of winter jujube during storage were investigated in this study. Winter Jujube fruit in white mature period was used as the experimental material. Winter Jujube fruit was fumigated with different concentrations of nitric oxide gas(0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μL/L) for 2 h under the oxygen environment and stored under 0±1 ℃. The changes of fruit appearance were observed, and the decay rate, weightlessness rate, hardness, soluble solids, respiration intensity and cell membrane permeability of fruits were analyzed. The result showed that the appearance of mildew and soft rot on the appearance of fruit were alleviated, the rot rate, weight loss rate, and cell membrane permeability of fruit were reduced, the respiratory intensity of fruit was inhibited, and the hardness and the soluble solids contents of fruit were better maintain with NO treatment. The NO concentrations of 50-200 μL/L range fumigation white mature period of winter jujube after harvesting storage quality have different influence. The NO treatment with the concentration of 150 μL/L was significantly better than that of other treatment groups, processing at 0±1 ℃after 2 h, the storage period was prolonged, the decay index decreases, the weight loss rate was reduced, the hardness was better, the soluble solid content was maintained well, and the soluble solid content remains good. It could inhibit the respiration intensity and inhibit the increase of cell membrane permeability during the postharvest storage of winter jujube.
The effects of treatment with nitric oxide fumigation on postharvest quality of winter jujube during storage were investigated in this study. Winter Jujube fruit in white mature period was used as the experimental material. Winter Jujube fruit was fumigated with different concentrations of nitric oxide gas(0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μL/L) for 2 h under the oxygen environment and stored under 0±1 ℃. The changes of fruit appearance were observed, and the decay rate, weightlessness rate, hardness, soluble solids, respiration intensity and cell membrane permeability of fruits were analyzed. The result showed that the appearance of mildew and soft rot on the appearance of fruit were alleviated, the rot rate, weight loss rate, and cell membrane permeability of fruit were reduced, the respiratory intensity of fruit was inhibited, and the hardness and the soluble solids contents of fruit were better maintain with NO treatment. The NO concentrations of 50-200 μL/L range fumigation white mature period of winter jujube after harvesting storage quality have different influence. The NO treatment with the concentration of 150 μL/L was significantly better than that of other treatment groups, processing at 0±1 ℃after 2 h, the storage period was prolonged, the decay index decreases, the weight loss rate was reduced, the hardness was better, the soluble solid content was maintained well, and the soluble solid content remains good. It could inhibit the respiration intensity and inhibit the increase of cell membrane permeability during the postharvest storage of winter jujube.
引文
[1]王大伟,向延菊.采后钙处理对新疆和田地区冬枣贮藏特性的影响[J].食品工业, 2016, 37(8):92-95.
[2] CHEN J, MAIWULANJIANG M, LAM K Y, et al. A standardized extract of the fruit of Ziziphus jujuba(jujube)induces neuronal differentiation of cultured PC12 cells:a signaling mediated by protein kinase A[J]. Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry, 2014, 62(8):1890.
[3]宗晓鸿,田世芹,韩亚静.沾化冬枣贮藏保鲜技术及影响保鲜的因素分析[J].山东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015, 30(2):158-159.
[4] JAT L, PAREEK S, SHUKLA K B. Physiological responses of Indian jujube(Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk)fruit to storage temperature under modified atmosphere packaging[J]. Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture, 2013, 93(8):1940-1944.
[5]王亚萍,梁丽松,王贵禧,等.不同减压强度对冬枣贮藏品质变化的影响[J].食品科学, 2007, 28(2):335-338.
[6] SUN D Z, YANG H S, PENG J, et al. Effects of exogenous salicylic acid and nitric oxide on growth, photosynthesis, and ion distribution in tomato seedlings under NaCl stress[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014, 34(13):3519-3528.
[7]黄玉平,彭文娟,张瑜,等. NO处理对草莓果实采后品质和苯丙烷类代谢的影响[J].核农学报, 2016, 30(10):1959-1966.
[8]任艳芳,何俊瑜,刘冬,等.一氧化氮对采后大五星枇杷常温贮藏下品质的影响[J].食品工业科技, 2016, 37(5):329-333.
[9]孙丽娜,刘孟臣,朱树华,等.一氧化氮处理对冬枣贮藏期间乙醇代谢及相关品质的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2007,40(12):2827-2834.
[10]曹建康,姜微波.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社, 2007.
[11]张玉丽.双组份SO2-ClO2对红提葡萄采后品质劣变影响的研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学, 2013:13-47.
[12] ZOTTINI M, FORMENTIN E, SCATTOLIN M, et al.Nitric oxide affects plant mitochondrial functionality in vivo[J]. FEBS Letters, 2002(515):75-78.
[13]尹国胜,任艳芳,何俊瑜,等. NO对延长芒果货架期的影响研究[J].中国农学通报, 2011, 27(26):114-118.
[14] ZHENG X, HU B, SONG L, et al. Changes in quality and defense resistance of kiwifruit in response to nitric oxide treatment during storage at room temperature[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2017(222):187-192.
[15]冯美,张宁.一氧化氮处理对采后枸杞鲜果生理效应的影响[J].北方园艺, 2016(12):135-138.
[16]陈松江,毕阳,李永才,等.一氧化氮处理对杏果实贮藏品质的影响[J].食品科技, 2011(6):46-50.
[17] IMRAN Q M, FALAK N, HUSSAIN A, et al. Nitric oxide responsive heavy metal-associated gene At HMAD1 contributes to development and disease resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016, 7(170):1-16.
[18] JIANG X, LIN H, SHI J, et al. Effects of a novel chitosan formulation treatment on quality attributes and storage behavior of harvested litchi fruit[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018(252):134-141.
[19] YANG Y, ZHENG Y, LIU C, et al. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis delayed mature-green tomato fruits ripening induced by inhibition of ethylene[J]. Scientia Horticulturae,2016(211):95-101.
[20]张晓平,任小林,任亚梅,等. NO处理对采后猕猴桃贮藏性及叶绿素含量的影响[J].食品研究与开发, 2007, 28(1):145-148.
[21]马海燕,任小林,周会玲.一氧化氮处理砀山酥梨的保鲜效果[J].河南农业科学, 2007, 36(5):98-101.
[22] LIU Y B, YANG X, SIMMONS G. Efficacy of nitric oxide fumigation for controlling codling moth in apples[J]. Insects,2016, 7(4):71.
[23] MAHAJAN P V, LUCA A, EDELENBOS M. Development of a small and flexible sensor-based respirometer for real-time determination of respiration rate, respiratory quotient and low O2, limit of fresh produce[J]. Computers&Electronics in Agriculture, 2016(121):347-353.
[24] GUPTA K J, MUR L A J, NEELWARNE B. The role of alternative respiratory proteins in nitric oxide metabolism by plant mitochondria[M]. Alternative respiratory pathways in higher plants. John Wiley&Sons, Ltd, 2015:95-113.
[25] BROWN G C. Nitric oxide as a competitive inhibitor of oxygen consumption in the mitochondrial respiratory chain[J].Acta Physiol Scand, 2000, 168(4):667-674.
[2] CHEN J, MAIWULANJIANG M, LAM K Y, et al. A standardized extract of the fruit of Ziziphus jujuba(jujube)induces neuronal differentiation of cultured PC12 cells:a signaling mediated by protein kinase A[J]. Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry, 2014, 62(8):1890.
[3]宗晓鸿,田世芹,韩亚静.沾化冬枣贮藏保鲜技术及影响保鲜的因素分析[J].山东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015, 30(2):158-159.
[4] JAT L, PAREEK S, SHUKLA K B. Physiological responses of Indian jujube(Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk)fruit to storage temperature under modified atmosphere packaging[J]. Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture, 2013, 93(8):1940-1944.
[5]王亚萍,梁丽松,王贵禧,等.不同减压强度对冬枣贮藏品质变化的影响[J].食品科学, 2007, 28(2):335-338.
[6] SUN D Z, YANG H S, PENG J, et al. Effects of exogenous salicylic acid and nitric oxide on growth, photosynthesis, and ion distribution in tomato seedlings under NaCl stress[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014, 34(13):3519-3528.
[7]黄玉平,彭文娟,张瑜,等. NO处理对草莓果实采后品质和苯丙烷类代谢的影响[J].核农学报, 2016, 30(10):1959-1966.
[8]任艳芳,何俊瑜,刘冬,等.一氧化氮对采后大五星枇杷常温贮藏下品质的影响[J].食品工业科技, 2016, 37(5):329-333.
[9]孙丽娜,刘孟臣,朱树华,等.一氧化氮处理对冬枣贮藏期间乙醇代谢及相关品质的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2007,40(12):2827-2834.
[10]曹建康,姜微波.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社, 2007.
[11]张玉丽.双组份SO2-ClO2对红提葡萄采后品质劣变影响的研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学, 2013:13-47.
[12] ZOTTINI M, FORMENTIN E, SCATTOLIN M, et al.Nitric oxide affects plant mitochondrial functionality in vivo[J]. FEBS Letters, 2002(515):75-78.
[13]尹国胜,任艳芳,何俊瑜,等. NO对延长芒果货架期的影响研究[J].中国农学通报, 2011, 27(26):114-118.
[14] ZHENG X, HU B, SONG L, et al. Changes in quality and defense resistance of kiwifruit in response to nitric oxide treatment during storage at room temperature[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2017(222):187-192.
[15]冯美,张宁.一氧化氮处理对采后枸杞鲜果生理效应的影响[J].北方园艺, 2016(12):135-138.
[16]陈松江,毕阳,李永才,等.一氧化氮处理对杏果实贮藏品质的影响[J].食品科技, 2011(6):46-50.
[17] IMRAN Q M, FALAK N, HUSSAIN A, et al. Nitric oxide responsive heavy metal-associated gene At HMAD1 contributes to development and disease resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016, 7(170):1-16.
[18] JIANG X, LIN H, SHI J, et al. Effects of a novel chitosan formulation treatment on quality attributes and storage behavior of harvested litchi fruit[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018(252):134-141.
[19] YANG Y, ZHENG Y, LIU C, et al. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis delayed mature-green tomato fruits ripening induced by inhibition of ethylene[J]. Scientia Horticulturae,2016(211):95-101.
[20]张晓平,任小林,任亚梅,等. NO处理对采后猕猴桃贮藏性及叶绿素含量的影响[J].食品研究与开发, 2007, 28(1):145-148.
[21]马海燕,任小林,周会玲.一氧化氮处理砀山酥梨的保鲜效果[J].河南农业科学, 2007, 36(5):98-101.
[22] LIU Y B, YANG X, SIMMONS G. Efficacy of nitric oxide fumigation for controlling codling moth in apples[J]. Insects,2016, 7(4):71.
[23] MAHAJAN P V, LUCA A, EDELENBOS M. Development of a small and flexible sensor-based respirometer for real-time determination of respiration rate, respiratory quotient and low O2, limit of fresh produce[J]. Computers&Electronics in Agriculture, 2016(121):347-353.
[24] GUPTA K J, MUR L A J, NEELWARNE B. The role of alternative respiratory proteins in nitric oxide metabolism by plant mitochondria[M]. Alternative respiratory pathways in higher plants. John Wiley&Sons, Ltd, 2015:95-113.
[25] BROWN G C. Nitric oxide as a competitive inhibitor of oxygen consumption in the mitochondrial respiratory chain[J].Acta Physiol Scand, 2000, 168(4):667-674.