金莲花花蕾大小与花粉发育时期的关系
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摘要
本研究以张家口地道性中药材金莲花花蕾为材料,利用醋酸洋红染色剂染色的方法,通过在显微镜下观察花粉的发育情况,探讨出金莲花花蕾大小与花粉发育时期的关系。结果表明:当花蕾长度在5.32~7.32 mm和7.33~9.33 mm时,花粉大部分处于四分体时期,个别处于单核早期;长度为9.34~11.34 mm时,花粉发育时期为单核早中期;长度为11.35~13.35 mm时,花粉发育时期集中在单核后期;长度为13.36~15.36 mm时,此时的花蕾即将开放,为双核期。通过观察金莲花外观形态,确定其发育时期,为后期单倍体培养提供理论依据。
In this study, the buds of geo-authentic Chinese medicinal herbs Trollius chinensis Bunge. in Zhangjiakou were selected as the material. The development of buds was observed under microscope by staining with acetocarmine, and the relationships between the bud size and pollen development period were studied. The results showed that most of the pollen was in tetrad and some individuals were in early mononuclear when the size of buds was 5.32~9.33 mm and 7.33~9.33 mm. The pollens were at early and mid-uninucleate when the size of buds was9.34~11.34 mm. The pollen development stage was concentrated in late-uninucleate when the size of buds was11.35~13.35 mm. When the buds size was 13.36~15.36 mm, the buds would open and were at binuclear period. By observing the appearance and morphology of Trollius chinensis, we determined its developmental period, which could provide theoretical foundation for the haploid culture in the later stage.
In this study, the buds of geo-authentic Chinese medicinal herbs Trollius chinensis Bunge. in Zhangjiakou were selected as the material. The development of buds was observed under microscope by staining with acetocarmine, and the relationships between the bud size and pollen development period were studied. The results showed that most of the pollen was in tetrad and some individuals were in early mononuclear when the size of buds was 5.32~9.33 mm and 7.33~9.33 mm. The pollens were at early and mid-uninucleate when the size of buds was9.34~11.34 mm. The pollen development stage was concentrated in late-uninucleate when the size of buds was11.35~13.35 mm. When the buds size was 13.36~15.36 mm, the buds would open and were at binuclear period. By observing the appearance and morphology of Trollius chinensis, we determined its developmental period, which could provide theoretical foundation for the haploid culture in the later stage.
引文
Cao X.X.,and Wang S.H.,2014,Research progress in Tropaeolum pharmacological activity and clinical application,Shenjing Yaoli Xuebao(Acta Neuropharmacologica),4(4):59-64(曹欣欣,王书华,2014,金莲花药理活性及临床应用研究进展,神经药理学报,4(4):59-64)
Gu X.K.,Li F.,Zhang S.J.,Zhang S.F.,Zhang H.,and Sun R.F.2013,Studies on free microspore culturing technology in Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss,Zhongguo Shucai(China Vegetables),(12):23-30(顾祥坤,李菲,张淑江,章时蕃张慧,孙日飞,2013,芥菜游离小孢子培养技术研究,中国蔬菜,(12):23-30)
Li J.,Haploid culture and cytology observation in Lilium,Thesis for M.S.,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Supervisor:Ming J.,pp.56(李佳,2011,百合单倍体培养及细胞学观察,硕士学位论文,中国农业科学院,导师:明军,pp56)
Li Y.,2013,Research of regeneration system of haploid plants from anther cultures of poplar(Populus×beijingensis),Thesis for M.S.,Beijing Forestry University,Supervisor:An X.M.,pp.42(李英,2013,北京杨花药培养诱导单倍体再生体系的研究,硕士学位论文,北京林业大学,导师:安新民,pp.42)
Peng M.Z.,Yang J.,Zhu X.H.,and Liang Y.,2008,Study on the relationship between the tree type honey-suckle bud size and pollen growth,Anhui Nongye Kexue(Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences),36(14):5828-5829,5846(彭明珠,杨进,朱习红,梁艳,2008,树型金银花花蕾大小与花粉发育关系的研究,安徽农业科学,36(14):5828-5829,5846)
Song L.Q.,Tang Y.,Zhan Y.,Tan L.,Shu G.M.,Yuan Z.X.,and Xu C.Q.,2015,Study on the quality standard of Trollius chinensis,Huaxi Yaoxue Zazhi(West China Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences),30(4):484-486(宋联强,汤燕,詹雁,谭镭,舒光明,袁志翔,徐超群,2015,金莲花药材的质量标准研究,华西药学杂志,30(4):484-486)
Yu X.L.,Guo X.M.,and Liang H.M.,2010,Study on relationship between the size of flower buds and pollen development in peony,Henan Nongye Kexue(Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences),(1):90-92(于相丽,郭向萌,梁洪铭,2010,牡丹花蕾与花粉发育关系的研究,河南农业科学,(1):90-92)
Yun Q.F.,1990,The observations of cell morphology on the generation of microspores and the development of male gamete,Beijing Nongxueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Beijing Agricultural College),(1):32-38(云其芳,1990,青菜小孢子发生和雄配子体发育的细胞形态学观察,北京农学院学报,(1):32-38)
Zheng Z.X.,Du M.,Feng S.S.,and Fan C.L.,2018a,Optimization of aseptic seeding condition of Trollius chinensis Bunge.,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),16(2):683-688(郑志新,杜媚,冯莎莎,范翠丽,2018a,金莲花无菌播种条件的优化,分子植物育种,16(2):683-688)
Zheng Z.X.,Wang C.S.,Du M.,Feng S.S.,and Fan C.L.,2018b,Establishment of tissue culture system for Trollius chinensis,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),16(5):1647-1653(郑志新,王晨苏,杜媚,冯莎莎,范翠丽,2018b,金莲花组织培养体系的建立,分子植物育种,16(5):1647-1653)
Gu X.K.,Li F.,Zhang S.J.,Zhang S.F.,Zhang H.,and Sun R.F.2013,Studies on free microspore culturing technology in Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss,Zhongguo Shucai(China Vegetables),(12):23-30(顾祥坤,李菲,张淑江,章时蕃张慧,孙日飞,2013,芥菜游离小孢子培养技术研究,中国蔬菜,(12):23-30)
Li J.,Haploid culture and cytology observation in Lilium,Thesis for M.S.,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Supervisor:Ming J.,pp.56(李佳,2011,百合单倍体培养及细胞学观察,硕士学位论文,中国农业科学院,导师:明军,pp56)
Li Y.,2013,Research of regeneration system of haploid plants from anther cultures of poplar(Populus×beijingensis),Thesis for M.S.,Beijing Forestry University,Supervisor:An X.M.,pp.42(李英,2013,北京杨花药培养诱导单倍体再生体系的研究,硕士学位论文,北京林业大学,导师:安新民,pp.42)
Peng M.Z.,Yang J.,Zhu X.H.,and Liang Y.,2008,Study on the relationship between the tree type honey-suckle bud size and pollen growth,Anhui Nongye Kexue(Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences),36(14):5828-5829,5846(彭明珠,杨进,朱习红,梁艳,2008,树型金银花花蕾大小与花粉发育关系的研究,安徽农业科学,36(14):5828-5829,5846)
Song L.Q.,Tang Y.,Zhan Y.,Tan L.,Shu G.M.,Yuan Z.X.,and Xu C.Q.,2015,Study on the quality standard of Trollius chinensis,Huaxi Yaoxue Zazhi(West China Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences),30(4):484-486(宋联强,汤燕,詹雁,谭镭,舒光明,袁志翔,徐超群,2015,金莲花药材的质量标准研究,华西药学杂志,30(4):484-486)
Yu X.L.,Guo X.M.,and Liang H.M.,2010,Study on relationship between the size of flower buds and pollen development in peony,Henan Nongye Kexue(Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences),(1):90-92(于相丽,郭向萌,梁洪铭,2010,牡丹花蕾与花粉发育关系的研究,河南农业科学,(1):90-92)
Yun Q.F.,1990,The observations of cell morphology on the generation of microspores and the development of male gamete,Beijing Nongxueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Beijing Agricultural College),(1):32-38(云其芳,1990,青菜小孢子发生和雄配子体发育的细胞形态学观察,北京农学院学报,(1):32-38)
Zheng Z.X.,Du M.,Feng S.S.,and Fan C.L.,2018a,Optimization of aseptic seeding condition of Trollius chinensis Bunge.,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),16(2):683-688(郑志新,杜媚,冯莎莎,范翠丽,2018a,金莲花无菌播种条件的优化,分子植物育种,16(2):683-688)
Zheng Z.X.,Wang C.S.,Du M.,Feng S.S.,and Fan C.L.,2018b,Establishment of tissue culture system for Trollius chinensis,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),16(5):1647-1653(郑志新,王晨苏,杜媚,冯莎莎,范翠丽,2018b,金莲花组织培养体系的建立,分子植物育种,16(5):1647-1653)