南方红豆杉种子的营养成分及假种皮的急性毒性分析
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摘要
对南方红豆杉种子的营养成分及假种皮的急性毒性进行分析。结果表明:南方红豆杉假种皮中的可溶性固形物8.3%、可溶性糖10.28%、粗蛋白1.39%、粗纤维2.17%、粗脂肪2.76%、VC 16.31mg/100g。种仁含油率28.55%,种仁中共检出6种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸(油酸、亚油酸、二十烯酸)占总脂肪酸的94.59%。假种皮含15种氨基酸,其中8种必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的43.71%。在常量和微量元素中,分别以Ca和Fe的含量较高。以剂量16.5g/kg的假种皮灌胃小鼠急性毒性实验发现,小鼠连续14d没有出现明显的中毒症状和死亡现象,初步表明南方红豆杉假种皮没有急性毒性。
This study was designed to analyze the nutritional composition of Taxus chinensis var.mairei seeds and the acute toxicity of its aril.The seed aril of Taxus chinensis var.mairei was found to contain 8.3% soluble solid,10.28% soluble sugar,1.39% crude protein,2.17% crude fiber,2.76% crude fat and 16.31 mg of vitamin C per100 g of sample.The oil content of its seed kernel was 28.55% and 6 fatty acids were identified from the seed oil of Taxus chinensis var.mairei,including 4 unsaturated fatty acids(oleic acid,two linoleic acid isomers and 11-eicosenoic acid) with a relative content 94.59%.The seed aril of Taxus chinensis var.mairei contained 15 amino acids and 8 essential amino acids accounted for 43.71% of total amino acids.Ca as a relatively abundant major element and Fe as a relatively abundant trace element were detected.No obvious poisoning symptoms and no deaths were observed in mice during 14 days after oral administration of the seed aril of Taxus chinensis var.mairei.,suggesting that this material had no acute toxicity.
This study was designed to analyze the nutritional composition of Taxus chinensis var.mairei seeds and the acute toxicity of its aril.The seed aril of Taxus chinensis var.mairei was found to contain 8.3% soluble solid,10.28% soluble sugar,1.39% crude protein,2.17% crude fiber,2.76% crude fat and 16.31 mg of vitamin C per100 g of sample.The oil content of its seed kernel was 28.55% and 6 fatty acids were identified from the seed oil of Taxus chinensis var.mairei,including 4 unsaturated fatty acids(oleic acid,two linoleic acid isomers and 11-eicosenoic acid) with a relative content 94.59%.The seed aril of Taxus chinensis var.mairei contained 15 amino acids and 8 essential amino acids accounted for 43.71% of total amino acids.Ca as a relatively abundant major element and Fe as a relatively abundant trace element were detected.No obvious poisoning symptoms and no deaths were observed in mice during 14 days after oral administration of the seed aril of Taxus chinensis var.mairei.,suggesting that this material had no acute toxicity.
引文
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[8]祁彪,丁玲玲,崔杰华,等.微波消解-ICP-AES法同时测定蛹虫草中8种微量元素[J].食品科学,2009,30(24):303-306.
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[11]苏应娟,王艇,李雪雁,等.南方红豆杉不同部位紫杉醇含量的分析[J].天然产物研究与开发,2001,13(2):19-20.
[12]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全毒理学评价程序和方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1995:1-7;11-15.
[13]方金.南方红豆杉种子育苗技术[J].中国林副特产,2010(4):54-55.
[14]李俊,陆园园,李甫,等.GC-MS分析南方红豆杉种子中的挥发油[J].分析实验室,2006,25(9):35-37.
[15]黄儒珠,方兴添,郭祥泉,等.南方红豆杉种子的化学成分分析[J].应用与环境生物学报,2002,8(4):392-394.
[16]韦正波,谢莹,陈全斌,等.红豆杉种子油的提取和抗肿瘤活性初探[J].广西医科大学学报,2009,26(2):237-240.
[2]谢志慧,杜玲玲,李效贤,等.南方红豆杉研究新进展[J].中国药业,2009,18(15):3-5.
[3]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:156-183.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:二部[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1990:643-645.
[5]杜丽清,邹明宏,曾辉,等.澳洲坚果果仁营养成分分析[J].营养学报,2010,32(1):95-96.
[6]刘世彪,陈珮珮,易春华,等.棕榈树种仁油的超临界CO2流体萃取及GC-MS分析[J].食品科学,2008,29(11):344-347.
[7]仲岳桐,何彩,陈春晓.高效液相色谱法检测食品中氨基酸的方法研究[J].中国热带医学,2008,8(1):132-134.
[8]祁彪,丁玲玲,崔杰华,等.微波消解-ICP-AES法同时测定蛹虫草中8种微量元素[J].食品科学,2009,30(24):303-306.
[9]刘世彪,彭小列,吕江明,等.苏铁种子的营养成分及急性毒性实验[J].营养学报,2010,32(5):510-512.
[10]邓青珊,陈思静,鲁长虎.鸟类对南方红豆杉种子的取食与搬运[J].林业科学,2010,46(2):157-161.
[11]苏应娟,王艇,李雪雁,等.南方红豆杉不同部位紫杉醇含量的分析[J].天然产物研究与开发,2001,13(2):19-20.
[12]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全毒理学评价程序和方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1995:1-7;11-15.
[13]方金.南方红豆杉种子育苗技术[J].中国林副特产,2010(4):54-55.
[14]李俊,陆园园,李甫,等.GC-MS分析南方红豆杉种子中的挥发油[J].分析实验室,2006,25(9):35-37.
[15]黄儒珠,方兴添,郭祥泉,等.南方红豆杉种子的化学成分分析[J].应用与环境生物学报,2002,8(4):392-394.
[16]韦正波,谢莹,陈全斌,等.红豆杉种子油的提取和抗肿瘤活性初探[J].广西医科大学学报,2009,26(2):237-240.