赣南地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原谱分析
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摘要
目的:研究赣南地区变应性鼻炎患者常见变应原的临床特点,为该地区变应性鼻炎的防治提供参考依据。方法:回顾性分析2012-08-2016-05期间初诊为变应原性鼻炎且行变应原皮肤点刺试验(SPT)的363例患者的临床资料。使用SPSS 18.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果:252例患者SPT呈阳性反应,主要变应原为屋尘螨(86.90%)、粉尘螨(86.11%)、蟑螂(51.19%)、须发癣菌(14.29%)、蟹肉(4.76%)、小虾(3.17%)等。儿童组(2～14岁)主要变应原是粉尘螨(93.24%)、屋尘螨(91.89%)、蟑螂(44.59%)、蟹肉(8.11%)、小虾(6.76%)、须发癣菌(1.35%)。不同年龄组间变应原阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中2～14岁组最高,为90.24%;>44～74岁组最低,为31.70%。不同职业间变应原阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中学生最高,为86.45%;无业者最低,为45.24%。不同季节间变应原阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:赣南地区常见变应原是屋尘螨、粉尘螨、蟑螂、须发癣菌。变应性鼻炎患者对多种变应原过敏较为常见,年龄、职业也是影响变应原阳性率的因素之一。
Objective:To study the clinical features of common allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Gannan area and provide reference for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis with regional character.Method:The clinical data of 363 patients who were newly diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and given allergen skin prick test(skin prick test,SPT)at our department from August 2012 to May 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.SPSS 18.0 was used to ananlyze the data.Result:Two hundred and fifty-two cases of allergen skin prick test were positive.The positive rates of allergens were 86.90% of house dust mites,86.11% of dust mites,51.19%of cockroach,14.29%of hair fungus,4.76%of crab meat and 3.17%of shrimp.The positive rate of various allergens in the children group was 93.24%for dust mites,91.89%for house dust mites,44.59%for cockroach,8.11%for crab meat,6.76%for shrimp,and 1.35%for hair fungus.The difference in positive rate of allergens among different age groups was statistically significant(P<0.01),among which the highest was 2 to 14 years old,which was 90.24%;the lowest was>44 to 74 years old,which was 31.70%.The difference in positive rates of allergens among different occupations was statistically significant(P<0.01),among which the highest was86.45%for students,and the lowest was 45.24%for those without employment.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of allergens between different seasons.Conclusion:The most common allergens in Gangnan area are house dust mites,dust mites cockroache and scrab meat.Patients with allergic rhinitis are more common with multiple allergens.Age and occupation are also factors affecting the positive rate of allergens.
Objective:To study the clinical features of common allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Gannan area and provide reference for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis with regional character.Method:The clinical data of 363 patients who were newly diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and given allergen skin prick test(skin prick test,SPT)at our department from August 2012 to May 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.SPSS 18.0 was used to ananlyze the data.Result:Two hundred and fifty-two cases of allergen skin prick test were positive.The positive rates of allergens were 86.90% of house dust mites,86.11% of dust mites,51.19%of cockroach,14.29%of hair fungus,4.76%of crab meat and 3.17%of shrimp.The positive rate of various allergens in the children group was 93.24%for dust mites,91.89%for house dust mites,44.59%for cockroach,8.11%for crab meat,6.76%for shrimp,and 1.35%for hair fungus.The difference in positive rate of allergens among different age groups was statistically significant(P<0.01),among which the highest was 2 to 14 years old,which was 90.24%;the lowest was>44 to 74 years old,which was 31.70%.The difference in positive rates of allergens among different occupations was statistically significant(P<0.01),among which the highest was86.45%for students,and the lowest was 45.24%for those without employment.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of allergens between different seasons.Conclusion:The most common allergens in Gangnan area are house dust mites,dust mites cockroache and scrab meat.Patients with allergic rhinitis are more common with multiple allergens.Age and occupation are also factors affecting the positive rate of allergens.
引文
[1]朱鲁平,林旸,张舒,等.南京地区变应性鼻炎患者自报诊治状况调查[J].中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志,2017,24(6):469-473.
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[9]丁俊杰,张建华,许芳,等.上海地区890例变应性鼻炎患者吸入变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2012,26(4):164-166.
[10]黄芳,赵艳,何荆培,等.荆门地区变应性鼻炎患者吸入变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2010,24(8):341-343.
[11]皮静婷,宋林.重庆地区变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2018,32(1):64-68.
[12]史梅,姚丽娜,杨小骏,等.常州地区1172例变应性鼻炎患者变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2016,30(1):54-57.
[13]WU FCTHRICH B,SCHMID-GRENDELMEIER P,SCHINDLER C,et al.Prevalence of atopy and respiratory allergic diseases in the elderly sapaldia population[J].Int Arch Allergy Immunol,2013,162:143-148.
[14]ERIKSSON J,EKERLJUNG L,LTVALL J,et al.Growing up on a farm leads to life long protection against allergic rhinitis[J].Allergy,2010,65:1397-1403.
[15]邢志敏,王梓敬,李世昌.重视预防治疗在变应性鼻炎治疗体系中的作用[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2017,31(1):6-8.
[16]杨钦泰.变应性鼻炎治疗的三部曲“脱离、脱敏、脱症”[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2017,31(1):3-5.
[17]时文杰,张金梅,林鹏,等.天津地区676例变应性鼻炎患者变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2011,25(5):220-223.
[2]中华医学会耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学分会鼻科学组.变应性鼻炎诊断和治疗指南(2015年,天津)[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2016,51(1):6-24.
[3]阳玉萍.变应性鼻炎变应原分析与治疗和阜康市哈萨克族流行病学调查[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2016.
[4]钟农萍,叶菁,张剑,等.南昌地区变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原谱分析[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2014,49(6):505-508.
[5]阳玉萍,麦麦提·伊敏,王燕,等.新疆维吾尔自治区变应性鼻炎患者吸入变应原谱变化分析[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2017,52(5):355-360.
[6]吴国谦,黎润球,蒋迪.东莞地区变应性鼻炎变应原谱临床特征[J].实用医学杂志,2017,33(15):2550-2553.
[7]程雷,吴海燕,田慧琴.维生素D在变应性鼻炎发病中的作用[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2016,30(9):675-677.
[8]吕云霞,谢志海,赵素萍,等.长沙地区变应性鼻炎患者的变应原分布特点及结果分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2011,25(11):491-494.
[9]丁俊杰,张建华,许芳,等.上海地区890例变应性鼻炎患者吸入变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2012,26(4):164-166.
[10]黄芳,赵艳,何荆培,等.荆门地区变应性鼻炎患者吸入变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2010,24(8):341-343.
[11]皮静婷,宋林.重庆地区变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2018,32(1):64-68.
[12]史梅,姚丽娜,杨小骏,等.常州地区1172例变应性鼻炎患者变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2016,30(1):54-57.
[13]WU FCTHRICH B,SCHMID-GRENDELMEIER P,SCHINDLER C,et al.Prevalence of atopy and respiratory allergic diseases in the elderly sapaldia population[J].Int Arch Allergy Immunol,2013,162:143-148.
[14]ERIKSSON J,EKERLJUNG L,LTVALL J,et al.Growing up on a farm leads to life long protection against allergic rhinitis[J].Allergy,2010,65:1397-1403.
[15]邢志敏,王梓敬,李世昌.重视预防治疗在变应性鼻炎治疗体系中的作用[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2017,31(1):6-8.
[16]杨钦泰.变应性鼻炎治疗的三部曲“脱离、脱敏、脱症”[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2017,31(1):3-5.
[17]时文杰,张金梅,林鹏,等.天津地区676例变应性鼻炎患者变应原谱分析[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2011,25(5):220-223.