计及刀具影响的高速电主轴系统动力学特性研究
|
摘要
首先建立了轴承模型和转子模型,进而分析了高速电主轴壳体、轴承、主轴和刀具之间的连接关系,建立系统动力学模型,推导电主轴不同部位到刀具处的传递函数。然后以D62D24A型高速电主轴为例,分析转速对轴承动态支承刚度的"弱化"作用,计算系统装有刀具与未装刀具时的第一阶径向振动固有振型,理论分析并且实验验证高速电主轴静态和动态情况下系统装有刀具和未装刀具时第一阶径向振动固有频率的变化趋势。最后得到系统的固有特性受到转速和刀具双重"弱化"作用的结论。
The bearing model and rotor model are firstly built in this paper.The connection relationships between the housing,bearing,shaft and tool of high-speed motorized spindle are analyzed.A dynamical model of high-speed motorized spindle is established,and the transfer functions of different parts of the motorized spindle to the tool are deduced.Then,based on the D62 D24 A type motorized spindle,the weakening effect of speed on bearing dynamical stiffness is analyzed.The first order inherent modal shape and inherent frequency are investigated numerically and experimentally for both situations of with and without the tool.The results show that both tool and speed have a "softening"effect on the inherent characteristics of system.
The bearing model and rotor model are firstly built in this paper.The connection relationships between the housing,bearing,shaft and tool of high-speed motorized spindle are analyzed.A dynamical model of high-speed motorized spindle is established,and the transfer functions of different parts of the motorized spindle to the tool are deduced.Then,based on the D62 D24 A type motorized spindle,the weakening effect of speed on bearing dynamical stiffness is analyzed.The first order inherent modal shape and inherent frequency are investigated numerically and experimentally for both situations of with and without the tool.The results show that both tool and speed have a "softening"effect on the inherent characteristics of system.
引文
[1]单文桃,陈小安,王洪昌,等.高速电主轴铣削稳定性研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(19):242-249.SHAN W T,CHEN X AN,WANG H CH,et al.Research on milling stability of high speed motorized spindle[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(19):242-249.
[2]吴石,林连冬,肖飞,等.基于多类超球支持向量机的铣削颤振预测方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2012,33(11):2414-2421.WU SH,LIN L D,XIAO F,et al.Milling chatter prediction method based on multiclass hyper sphere support vector machine[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2012,33(11):2414-2421.
[3]杨新民,杨海根.动力学参数化可视化仿真软件研究与设计[J].电子测量技术,2016,39(12):15-26.YANG X M,YANG H G.Study on parameterized visual dynamics simulation software design[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2016,39(12):15-26.
[4]朱坚民,王健,张统超,等.基于刀具振动位移的动态铣削力测量方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(12):2772-2782.ZHU J M,WANG J,ZHANG T CH,et al.Dynamic milling force measuring method based on cutting tool vibration displacement[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(12):2772-2782.
[5]王丽,郭红霞.基于Lab VIEW的汽车动力性能测试系统研究[J].国外电子测量技术,2017,36(2):41-48.WANG L,GUO H X.Research on automobile dynamic performance test system based on Lab VIEW[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2017,36(2):41-48.
[6]LI H Q,SHIN Y C.Integrated dynamic thermo-mechanical modeling of high speed spindles,Part 1:Model development[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,2004,126(1):148-158.
[7]LI H Q,SHIN Y C.Integrated dynamic thermo-mechanical modeling of high speed spindles,part 2:Solution Pro-cedure and validations[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,2004,126(1):159-168.
[8]CHEN X AN,LIU J F,HE Y,et al.An integrated model for high-speed motorized spindles-dynamic behaviors[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2013,227(11):2467-2478.
[9]刘今越,刘佳斌,贾晓辉,等.基于面结构光投影法的刀具几何参数测量研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(5):1276-1284.LIU J Y,LIU J B,JIA X H,et al.Research on tool geometry parameter measurement based on surface structured light projection[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2017,38(5):1276-1284.
[10]李松生,陈晓阳,张钢,等.超高速时电主轴轴承的动态支承刚度分析[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(11):60-65.LI S SH,CHEN X Y,ZHANG G,et al.Bearing dynamic support stiffness of motorized spindle system at ultra high speed[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2006,42(11):60-65.
[11]陈小安,刘俊峰,单文桃,等.计及套圈变形的电主轴角接触球轴承动刚度分析[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(2):81-85.CHEN X AN,LIU J F,SHAN W T,et al.Analysis on the dynamic stiffness of motorized-spindle angular contact ball bearings considering the ferrule deformation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(2):81-85.
[12]葛媛媛,张宏基.基于自适应模糊滑模控制的机器人轨迹跟踪算法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(5):746-755.GE Y Y,ZHANG H J.Trajectory tracking algorithm for robot based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control[J].Journal of electronic measurement and instruction,2017,31(5):746-755.
[13]CHI W L,JAY F T,JOE K.An integrated thermo-mechanical-dynamic model to characterize motorized machine tool spindles during very high speed rotation[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2003,43(10):1035-1050.
[14]IM H,HONG H Y,CHUNG J.Dynamic analysis of a BLDC motor with mechanical and electromagnetic interaction due to air gap variation[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2011,330(8):1680-1691.
[15]SHAN W T,CHEN X A,HE Y.A novel experimental research on vibration characteristics of the running highspeed motorized spindles[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2013,27(8):2245-2252.
[2]吴石,林连冬,肖飞,等.基于多类超球支持向量机的铣削颤振预测方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2012,33(11):2414-2421.WU SH,LIN L D,XIAO F,et al.Milling chatter prediction method based on multiclass hyper sphere support vector machine[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2012,33(11):2414-2421.
[3]杨新民,杨海根.动力学参数化可视化仿真软件研究与设计[J].电子测量技术,2016,39(12):15-26.YANG X M,YANG H G.Study on parameterized visual dynamics simulation software design[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2016,39(12):15-26.
[4]朱坚民,王健,张统超,等.基于刀具振动位移的动态铣削力测量方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(12):2772-2782.ZHU J M,WANG J,ZHANG T CH,et al.Dynamic milling force measuring method based on cutting tool vibration displacement[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(12):2772-2782.
[5]王丽,郭红霞.基于Lab VIEW的汽车动力性能测试系统研究[J].国外电子测量技术,2017,36(2):41-48.WANG L,GUO H X.Research on automobile dynamic performance test system based on Lab VIEW[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2017,36(2):41-48.
[6]LI H Q,SHIN Y C.Integrated dynamic thermo-mechanical modeling of high speed spindles,Part 1:Model development[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,2004,126(1):148-158.
[7]LI H Q,SHIN Y C.Integrated dynamic thermo-mechanical modeling of high speed spindles,part 2:Solution Pro-cedure and validations[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,2004,126(1):159-168.
[8]CHEN X AN,LIU J F,HE Y,et al.An integrated model for high-speed motorized spindles-dynamic behaviors[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2013,227(11):2467-2478.
[9]刘今越,刘佳斌,贾晓辉,等.基于面结构光投影法的刀具几何参数测量研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(5):1276-1284.LIU J Y,LIU J B,JIA X H,et al.Research on tool geometry parameter measurement based on surface structured light projection[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2017,38(5):1276-1284.
[10]李松生,陈晓阳,张钢,等.超高速时电主轴轴承的动态支承刚度分析[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(11):60-65.LI S SH,CHEN X Y,ZHANG G,et al.Bearing dynamic support stiffness of motorized spindle system at ultra high speed[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2006,42(11):60-65.
[11]陈小安,刘俊峰,单文桃,等.计及套圈变形的电主轴角接触球轴承动刚度分析[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(2):81-85.CHEN X AN,LIU J F,SHAN W T,et al.Analysis on the dynamic stiffness of motorized-spindle angular contact ball bearings considering the ferrule deformation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(2):81-85.
[12]葛媛媛,张宏基.基于自适应模糊滑模控制的机器人轨迹跟踪算法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(5):746-755.GE Y Y,ZHANG H J.Trajectory tracking algorithm for robot based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control[J].Journal of electronic measurement and instruction,2017,31(5):746-755.
[13]CHI W L,JAY F T,JOE K.An integrated thermo-mechanical-dynamic model to characterize motorized machine tool spindles during very high speed rotation[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2003,43(10):1035-1050.
[14]IM H,HONG H Y,CHUNG J.Dynamic analysis of a BLDC motor with mechanical and electromagnetic interaction due to air gap variation[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2011,330(8):1680-1691.
[15]SHAN W T,CHEN X A,HE Y.A novel experimental research on vibration characteristics of the running highspeed motorized spindles[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2013,27(8):2245-2252.