基于不同排水片区的低影响开发措施优化方案选取
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摘要
以福建省龙岩市中心城区为例,运用SWMM模型中的LID模块,模拟分析了10%的雨水花园、20%的绿色屋顶、15%的渗透铺装以及一项组合措施(包括3%的雨水花园、7%的绿色屋顶和5%的渗透铺装)对研究区上、中、下游典型排水片区(依次记为A、B、C)的径流总量、洪峰流量及污染物负荷的削减控制效果,包括削减效率及对降水历时的敏感性。通过分配指标权重对各LID措施效果进行综合评价,最终确定各排水片区的LID最佳布设方案。研究结果表明:A片区优选绿色屋顶方案,B片区优选组合措施方案,C片区优选雨水花园方案。
Taking the downtown area of Longyan in Fujian as an example,based on the LID module in SWMM model,this paper simulated 10% of Rain Garden,20% of Green Roof,15% of Permeable Pavement and a combination measure( including 3% Rainwater garden,7% green roof and 5% infiltration pavement) to analyze the reduction rate,including the reduction of efficiency and sensitivity to precipitation over time,of the total runoff,peak flow and pollutant load in the upper,middle and lower reaches( denoted as A,B and C) of the central urban area of Longyan City,Fujian Province. The comprehensive evaluation was carried out by introducing the weighting coefficient. Based on the spatial difference of the drainage area,the LID optimal layout scheme of each drainage area is finally determined. The results show that the A area should select the green roof scheme,the B area should select the best combination scheme,and the C area should choose the rainwater garden scheme.
Taking the downtown area of Longyan in Fujian as an example,based on the LID module in SWMM model,this paper simulated 10% of Rain Garden,20% of Green Roof,15% of Permeable Pavement and a combination measure( including 3% Rainwater garden,7% green roof and 5% infiltration pavement) to analyze the reduction rate,including the reduction of efficiency and sensitivity to precipitation over time,of the total runoff,peak flow and pollutant load in the upper,middle and lower reaches( denoted as A,B and C) of the central urban area of Longyan City,Fujian Province. The comprehensive evaluation was carried out by introducing the weighting coefficient. Based on the spatial difference of the drainage area,the LID optimal layout scheme of each drainage area is finally determined. The results show that the A area should select the green roof scheme,the B area should select the best combination scheme,and the C area should choose the rainwater garden scheme.
引文
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[2]官奕宏,吕谋,王灿,等.低影响开发技术的雨洪控制效果及水质影响分析-基于SWMM模型[J].中国农村水利水电,2017(1):84-87+93.
[3]ROSSMAN L A.Storm water management model user's manual(Version5.1)[M].Washington DC,US:EPA,2015.
[4]李朋.低影响开发措施净流控制效果及空间差异性研究[D].南京:河海大学,2016.
[5]王文亮,李俊奇,车伍,等.城市低影响开发雨水控制利用系统设计方法研究[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(24):12-17
[6]张一平.城市化与城市水环境[J].城市环境与城市生态,1998,11(2):20-22+27.
[7]宫莹,阮晓红,胡晓东.我国城市地表水环境非点源污染的研究进展[J].中国给水排水,2003,19(3):21-23.
[8]符锐,罗龙洪,刘俊,等.SWMM模型中的低影响开发模块在排水防涝系统中的应用[J].水电能源科学,2014,32(9):71-74.
[9]王静.基于SWMM模型的山地城市暴雨径流效应及生态化改造措施研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.
[10]李霞,石宇亭,李国金.基于SWMM和低影响开发模式的老城区雨水控制模拟研究[J].给水排水,2015,51(5):152-156.
[11]胡爱兵,任心欣,丁年,等.基于SWMM的深圳市某区域LID设施布局与优化[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(21):96-100.
[12]常静,刘敏,许世远,等.上海城市降雨径流污染时空分布与初始冲刷效应[J].地理研究,2006,25(6):994-1002.
[13]任玉芬,王效科,韩冰,等.城市不同下垫面的降雨径流污染[J].生态学报,2005,25(12):3225-3230.
[14]罗红梅,车伍,李俊奇,等.雨水花园在雨洪控制与利用中的应用[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(6):48-52.
[15]赵剑强.城市地表径流污染与控制[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.