白茅根及其提取物的药理作用机制及临床应用
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摘要
白茅根性味甘寒,具有凉血、清利、补益等功效,是历代医家治疗血热妄行、湿热蕴结等症的常用中药。其活性成分主要有糖类、三萜类、有机酸类、黄酮类、甾醇类等。白茅根及其主要活性成分具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、止血、调节脂质代谢等药理作用。目前,白茅根广泛用于治疗恶性肿瘤、慢性肝炎、脂肪肝、慢性肾小球肾炎、心力衰竭、过敏性皮炎等疾病,临床疗效确切。未来,深入阐述其药理机制,可为肿瘤、免疫性疾病的临床治疗提供理论依据。
Rhizoma imperatae is sweet in taste and cold in nature. It has the cooling blood,clearing and tonifying functions. It is a common Chinese medicine used by physicians in past dynasties to treat blood-heat delusion and damp-heat accumulation. The main active constituent are sugars,triterpenoids,organic acids,flavonoids,sterols,etc. The Rhizoma imperatae and its main active constituent have anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,immune regulation,hemostasis,regulation of lipid metabolism,and other pharmacological effects. At present,Rhizoma imperatae is used extensively to treat malignant tumors,chronic hepatitis,fatty liver,chronic glomerulonephritis,heart failure,allergic dermatitis and other diseases,with definite therapeutic effect. In the future,an in-depth explanation of its pharmacological mechanism can provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of tumors and immune diseases.
Rhizoma imperatae is sweet in taste and cold in nature. It has the cooling blood,clearing and tonifying functions. It is a common Chinese medicine used by physicians in past dynasties to treat blood-heat delusion and damp-heat accumulation. The main active constituent are sugars,triterpenoids,organic acids,flavonoids,sterols,etc. The Rhizoma imperatae and its main active constituent have anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,immune regulation,hemostasis,regulation of lipid metabolism,and other pharmacological effects. At present,Rhizoma imperatae is used extensively to treat malignant tumors,chronic hepatitis,fatty liver,chronic glomerulonephritis,heart failure,allergic dermatitis and other diseases,with definite therapeutic effect. In the future,an in-depth explanation of its pharmacological mechanism can provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of tumors and immune diseases.
引文
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[32] Kang KP,Kim DH,Jung YJ,et al. Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in mice by suppressing renal inflammation[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant,2009,24(10):3012-3020.
[33]尹友生,欧俊,韦家智,等.白茅根及其复方汤对大鼠Ig A肾病模型的干预作用[J].时珍国医国药,2011,22(11):2659-2662.
[34] Lundberg S,Lundahl J,Gunnarsson I,et al. Soluble interleukin-2receptor alfa predicts renal out-come in Ig A nephropathy[J].Nephrol Dial Transplant,2012,27(5):1916-1923.
[35]尹友生,冷斌,徐庆,等.白茅根多糖对Ig A肾病大鼠肾组织学病变及血清白细胞介素2和6的影响[J].中国新药与临床杂志,2014,33(7):520-524.
[36]韦乃球,邓家刚,郝二伟,等.白茅根艾叶止血与药性寒热相关性的实验研究[J].时珍国医国药,2015,26(3):759-761.
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[38]崔珏,李超,尤健,等.白茅根多糖改善糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢作用的研究[J].食品科学,2012,33(19):302-305.
[39]孙立彦,刘振亮,孙金霞,等.白茅根多糖对小鼠耐缺氧作用的影响[J].中国医院药学杂志,2008,28(2):96-99.
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[41]邱荣仙,王晓东,何雄志,等.白茅根煎剂联合干扰素和利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的临床研究[J].中医临床研究,2012,4(21):5-8.
[42]王伟.火灸联合白茅根汤治疗肝腹水随机平行对照研究疗效[J].实用中医内科杂志,2015,29(12):169-171.
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[2]马长振,陈佩东,张丽,等. UPLC-ESI-MSn法分析白茅根中的化学成分[J].中成药,2010,32(4):625-628.
[3] Mustafa RA,Abdul Hamid A,Mohamed S,et al. Total phenolic compounds,flavonoids,and radical scavenging activity of 21selected tropical plants[J]. J Food Sci,2010,75(1):C28-35.
[4]张素红,王京辉,郭洪祝,等. HPLC-CAD法测定白茅根中果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量[J].药物分析杂志,2018,38(6):942-947.
[5] Fu YP,Feng B,Zhu ZK,et al. The polysaccharides from codonopsis pilosula modulates the immunity and intestinal microbiota of cyclophosphamide-treated immunosuppressed mice[J]. Molecules,2018,23(7). pii:E1801.
[6]谭世强,谢敬宇,郭帅,等.三萜类物质的生理活性研究概况[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(36):23-27.
[7]孙雷雷,陈毓,张丽,等.小蓟及小蓟炭止血作用机理的研究概况[J].时珍国医国药,2005,16(12):1304-1305.
[8] Yoon JS,Lee MK,Sung SH,et al. Neuroprotective2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones of Imperata cylindrica[J]. J Nat Prod,2006,69(2):290-291.
[9] Holmstr9m KM,Finkel T. Cellular mechanisms and physiological consequences of redox-dependent signalling[J]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,2014,15(6):411-421.
[10] Cheng Q,Gu J,Compaan KR,et al. Hydroxyl radical reactions with adenine:Reactant complexes transition states,and product complexes[J]. Chemistry,2010,16(39):11848-11858.
[11] Cherian E,Sudheesh NP,Janardhanan KK,et al. Free-radical scavenging and mitochondrial antioxidant activities of Reishi-Ganoderma lucidum(Curt:Fr)P. Karst and Arogyapacha-Trichopus zeylanicus Gaertn extracts[J]. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol,2009,20(4):289-307.
[12]翁梁,李西腾.白茅根总黄酮提取工艺及其抗氧化性研究[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(10):187-189.
[13]蓝贤俊,邓彩霞,陈永兰,等.白茅根对酒精中毒小鼠肝及脑损伤的保护作用研究[J].医学理论与实践,2012,25(2):125-126,128.
[14] Bradley JR. TNF-mediated inflammatory disease[J]. J Pathol,2008,214(2):149-160.
[15] Yang X,Wei H,Qin L,et al. Reciprocal interaction between fish TGF-β1and IL-1βis responsible for restraining IL-1βsignaling activity in grass carp head kidney leukocytes[J]. Dev Comp Immunol,2014,47(2):197-204.
[16] Vallabhapurapu S,Karin M. Regulation and function of NF-kappa B transcription factors in the immune system[J]. Annu Rev Immunol,2009,27:693-733.
[17]陈兰英,陈卓,王昌芹,等.白茅根不同提取物对阿霉素肾病大鼠的保护作用及对TGF-β1、NF-κB p65分子表达的影响[J].中药材,2015,38(11):2342-2347.
[18]蒋崇荣,于志辉.白茅根脂多糖对脓毒血症模型大鼠中急性肺损伤NF-κB p65表达影响的实验研究[J/CD].世界最新医学信息文摘(电子版),2016,96(16):1-2.
[19]孙瀚,范雪梅,王义明,等.肝癌复方对小鼠肝癌细胞移植瘤的抑制作用初探[J].中成药,2015,37(5):1091-1093.
[20]王莹.白茅根抗肝癌物质组筛选及体内外抗肿瘤作用的研究[D].沈阳:辽宁中医药大学,2010.
[21]包永睿,王帅,孟宪生,等.白茅根水提物对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721细胞周期及细胞凋亡的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(7):1584-1586.
[22]陈大可.芦竹素对人前列腺癌细胞系细胞凋亡及bcl-2/bax表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2016,22(6):575-579.
[23]陈大可.白茅根中芦竹素激活多聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶诱导人前列腺癌细胞凋亡[J].中草药,2017,48(6):1183-1187.
[24] Jensen RK,Pihl R,Gadeberg TAF,et al. A potent complement factor C3-specific nanobody inhibiting multiple functions in the alternative pathway of human and murine complement[J]. J Biol Chem,2018,293(17):6269-6281.
[25]付丽娜,陈兰英,刘荣华,等.白茅根的化学成分及其抗补体活性[J].中药材,2010,33(12):1871-1874.
[26]吕世静,黄槐莲.白茅根对IL-2和T细胞亚群变化的调节作用[J].中国中药杂志,1996,21(8):488-489.
[27]廖晖,Banbury LK,Leach DN. 12味止血中药对脂多糖诱导小鼠巨噬细胞产生一氧化碳的抑制作用[J].中国药房,2007,18(9):649-651.
[28] Kim SH,Park SY,Park YL,et al. Chlorogenic acid suppresses lipopolysaccharide induced nitric oxide and interleukin-1βexpression by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 activation in RAW264. 7cells[J]. Mol Med Rep,2017,16(6):9224-9232.
[29]吕世静,龙启才,何德,等.白茅根多糖对乙肝患者淋巴细胞增殖及T细胞亚群的调节作用[C]//第二届全国中医药免疫学术研讨会论文汇编,中山,2001.中山:中国免疫学会,2003:129-130.
[30]付嘉,熊斌,白丰沛,等.白茅根对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响[J].黑龙江医药科学,2000,23(2):17.
[31]吕世静,黄槐莲,袁汉尧,等.白茅根多糖对人T淋巴细胞免疫调节效应的研究[J].中国新药杂志,2004,13(9):834-835.
[32] Kang KP,Kim DH,Jung YJ,et al. Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in mice by suppressing renal inflammation[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant,2009,24(10):3012-3020.
[33]尹友生,欧俊,韦家智,等.白茅根及其复方汤对大鼠Ig A肾病模型的干预作用[J].时珍国医国药,2011,22(11):2659-2662.
[34] Lundberg S,Lundahl J,Gunnarsson I,et al. Soluble interleukin-2receptor alfa predicts renal out-come in Ig A nephropathy[J].Nephrol Dial Transplant,2012,27(5):1916-1923.
[35]尹友生,冷斌,徐庆,等.白茅根多糖对Ig A肾病大鼠肾组织学病变及血清白细胞介素2和6的影响[J].中国新药与临床杂志,2014,33(7):520-524.
[36]韦乃球,邓家刚,郝二伟,等.白茅根艾叶止血与药性寒热相关性的实验研究[J].时珍国医国药,2015,26(3):759-761.
[37]徐丹洋,马长振,陈佩东,等.茅根炭止血机理的实验研究[J].中成药,2010,32(12):2114-2117.
[38]崔珏,李超,尤健,等.白茅根多糖改善糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢作用的研究[J].食品科学,2012,33(19):302-305.
[39]孙立彦,刘振亮,孙金霞,等.白茅根多糖对小鼠耐缺氧作用的影响[J].中国医院药学杂志,2008,28(2):96-99.
[40]刘金荣.白茅根的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用[J].山东中医杂志,2014,33(12):1021-1024.
[41]邱荣仙,王晓东,何雄志,等.白茅根煎剂联合干扰素和利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎的临床研究[J].中医临床研究,2012,4(21):5-8.
[42]王伟.火灸联合白茅根汤治疗肝腹水随机平行对照研究疗效[J].实用中医内科杂志,2015,29(12):169-171.
[43]卢渊.白茅根治疗肾综合征出血热急性肾功能衰竭效果分析[J].光明中医,2017,32(9):1275-1277.
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