湖南某铁矿地质环境评价及恢复治理措施
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摘要
为充分掌握湖南某铁矿矿区地质环境现状,并对矿区地质环境进行恢复治理,详细分析了矿区地质环境特征,分别从矿区地质灾害影响程度、含水层破坏程度、地形地貌景观影响程度和土地资源影响程度等方面对矿区地质环境进行了详细评价。结果表明:由地质灾害引起的地表塌陷和裂缝较严重;随意堆砌的尾砂和废石对水资源、地形地貌和土地资源的影响较大。针对上述问题,通过对地表塌陷区进行回填,利用灌注水泥砂浆的方法回填封堵地表裂缝,在矿区附近规划渣场并将尾砂及废石运输至该渣场,采用植草种树等方式进行矿区生态修复,取得了理想效果,对于类似矿区地质环境恢复治理有一定的参考价值。
In order to fully understand the geological environment of an Iron Mine in Hunan Province,and take effectiveremediation measures of the geological environment of the mining area,the geological environment characteristics of the min-ing area is analyzed in detail,and the geological environment is evaluated from the four aspects of influence degree of the minegeological disasters,destructiveness of the aquifer,influence of landscape topography and impact degree of the land resources.The results show that:the surface subsidence and cracks caused by geological disasters are very serious;the tailings and wasterocks randomly piled up greatly affect the water resources,topography and land resources.In view of the above problems,com-bined with the planning of local governments in the vicinity of the mining area,the following restoring measures of the geologi-cal environment are proposed,such as backfilling of surface subsidence area,backfilling and sealing of surface cracks by pour-ing cement mortar,planning slag field near the mining and tailing sand and waste rock can be transported to the slag yard,grass planting trees and other means of ecological restoration method.The practive effects of the above measures is good,it canprovide reliable reference for the geological environment remediation of the simialr mining area.
In order to fully understand the geological environment of an Iron Mine in Hunan Province,and take effectiveremediation measures of the geological environment of the mining area,the geological environment characteristics of the min-ing area is analyzed in detail,and the geological environment is evaluated from the four aspects of influence degree of the minegeological disasters,destructiveness of the aquifer,influence of landscape topography and impact degree of the land resources.The results show that:the surface subsidence and cracks caused by geological disasters are very serious;the tailings and wasterocks randomly piled up greatly affect the water resources,topography and land resources.In view of the above problems,com-bined with the planning of local governments in the vicinity of the mining area,the following restoring measures of the geologi-cal environment are proposed,such as backfilling of surface subsidence area,backfilling and sealing of surface cracks by pour-ing cement mortar,planning slag field near the mining and tailing sand and waste rock can be transported to the slag yard,grass planting trees and other means of ecological restoration method.The practive effects of the above measures is good,it canprovide reliable reference for the geological environment remediation of the simialr mining area.
引文
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[3]罗炳佳,沈诚.贵州矿山地质环境影响评估[J].水文地质工程地质,2013(1):134-138.Luo Bingjia,Shen Cheng.Geological environmental impact assessment of mines in Guizhou[J].Hydrochemical Engineering Geology,2013(1):134-138.
[4]赵星涛,胡奎,卢晓攀,等.无人机低空航摄的矿山地质灾害精细探测方法[J].测绘科学,2014,39(6):49-64.Zhao Xingtao,Hu Kui,Lu Xiaopan,et al.Micro geophysical prospecting method for low altitude UAV aerial photography[J].Science and Technology of Surveying and Mapping,2014,39(6):49-64.
[5]罗仙平,翁存建,徐晶,等.离子型稀土矿开发技术研究进展及发展方向[J].金属矿山,2014(6):83-90.Luo Xianping,Weng Cunjian,Xu Jing,et al.Research progress and development direction of the development of ionic rare earths[J].Metal Mine,2014(6):83-90.
[6]罗才贵,罗仙平,周娜娜,等.南方废弃稀土矿区生态失衡状况及其成因[J].中国矿业,2014,23(10):65-70.Luo Caigui,Luo Xianping,Zhou Nana,et al.Ecological imbalances in the abandoned mining area in South China and their causes[J].China Mining Magazine,2014,23(10):65-70.
[7]罗斌玉,叶义成,姚囝,等.条带矿柱破裂区宽度影响因素敏感性正交方差分析[J].金属矿山,2016(11):49-53.Luo Binyu,Ye Yicheng,Yao Yong,et al.Analysis of the sensitivity of orthogonal test to the width of the rupture zone of the pillar[J].Metal Mine,2016(11):49-53.
[8]刘伟韬,刘士亮,姬保静.基于正交试验的底板破坏深度主控因素敏感性分析[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(9):1995-2000.Liu Wentao,Liu Shiliang,Ji Baojing.Sensitivity analysis of main control factors of floor failure depth based on orthogonal experiment[J].Chinese Journal of Coal Research,2015,40(9):1995-2000.
[9]徐嘉辰,寿震宇,曾霄祥,等.东山铁矿露天采场改建尾矿库边坡稳定性研究[J].金属矿山,2016(7):175-178.Xu Jiachen,Sou Zhenyu,Zeng Xiaoxiang,et al.Study on stability of tailings slope in Dongshan iron mine open pit conversion[J].Metal Mine,2016(7):175-178.
[10]刘允秋,王广文.露天转地下生产矿山露天坑治理稳定性分析[J].金属矿山,2015(S1):16-19.Liu Yunqiu,Wang Guangwen.Analysis of stability of opencast pit controlled by underground production in open pit[J].Metal Mine,2015(S1):16-19.
[11]陈昆,闫澍旺,孙立强,等.开挖卸荷状态下深基坑变形特性研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(4):1075-1082.Chen Kun,Yan Shuwang,Sun Liqiang,et al.Study of deformation characteristics of deep foundation pit under excavation and unloading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(4):1075-1082.